Category: Criminal Law

In this assignment, you will prepare three case analyses based on hypothetical fact patterns. These fact patterns all deal with the topic of due process.
Step 1: Thoroughly read the Case Analysis Instructions
Step 2: Case Analysis Fact Pattern
Prepare your responses to each fact pattern based on the instructions.

The Paper MUST adhere to the following:
 
1. Paper length: (7-9 pages, double-spaced: including cover and works cited page. Papers must be typed/printed using double spaced 12 point type-Times New Roman fonts and 1″ margins.  All papers should have a cover page with the Name of the Student, Name of the College, the Title of the paper & other relevant course information)
 
2. References:  You MUST have a minimum of 3 journal articles. Fewer sources will result in a deduction of points. Your essays should be well-grounded in your course readings and lecture notes, but also should include your own well-reasoned conclusions about the state of the appointment process.
 
3. Paper format:  All assignments must be submitted on time.  Assignments will be typed and double spaced using Times New Roman, 12 point.  Proper spelling and grammar usage is expected. Students will use the American Psychological Association (APA) style for written assignments, as appropriate. 
 
 
Please Note Helpful Resources:
 
 
1. Former Police Commissioner on Prison Reform

 
2. Prison State (full documentary) | FRONTLINE

 
3. Punishment ought in no case to be more than what is necessary to Bring it into conformity with the rules here give–This rule marks out the limits on the maximum side, while the previous three concern the minimum side. Bentham argues that while the danger of erring on the minimum side is greater, tendency to err of most men in on the maximum side, tendency to over-punish.  Thus more precautions should be taken with regard to maximum punishments.  This is because punishment is, in and of itself, an evil. And we ought to be careful to admit that evil only when it prevents a greater evil.  So there are times when we should not punish.
 
Consider the following questions:
1. When the punishment is groundless: where there’s no evil for it to prevent.
2. When it can’t prevent further evil.
3. When the evil it would produce is greater than what it prevented.
4. When it is needless: where the mischief may be prevented, or cease itself, without it: that is at a cheaper rate.

The text below is what they want out of our reports and i also attached a pdf they gave us explaining the structure they want and how reports should be in terms of content etc i thought it might help give u an idea cause its a uni report and their expectations are specific.
(I have attached how the report should like as this assignment is a report and not an essay)
The Report asks you to look at a specific area of police research and demonstrate an understanding of how police scholars have developed either a conceptual or empirical research agenda to better understand police work. You should be able to evidence an understanding of how the area has been researched, debates that may have arisen between researchers, and difficulties or challenges that are evident in researching these topics. For the Report you need to demonstrate a clear assessment and understanding of the relevant literature. As the Report is only 1000 words you will need to be concise.
The Report is designed to enable you to achieve two of the learning objectives for the module:
*Demonstrate knowledge and critical understanding of empirical research on policing, and;
*Evaluate evidence from criminological studies of policing, including the strengths, weaknesses and limitations of these studies
Guidance
To guide you in writing your Report, it may be useful to consider the following questions in relation to your chosen topic.
*Why have police scholars considered this topic important?
*How have police scholars researched the topic?
*What are the scholarly debates and/or developments in research in relation to your chosen topic?

Write in third person format, essay format.
Students will complete a written report (practical project) in which you will engage theoretical frameworks from class, together with knowledge of and experience in the role of CPTED and its application to a local business or residence, establishing identified vulnerabilities, proposed solutions and anticipated outcomes.
Working individually, conduct a thorough assessment of the environmental considerations and measures needed in order to increase enhance Crime Prevention at your selected location. You will apply theoretical concepts/framework from class, together with your knowledge of and experience with CPTED and its application to a local commercial premises, school, or residence.
In framing your paper, start with an introduction of CPTED. Why do we use CPTED? How is it used in law enforcement?
In the body of your assignment, introduce your chosen location. Why did you select this specific location to discuss? Be sure to make this a local location. Consider assessing a park, school, business, etc. Describe the location/premise so that I can picture it. You can of course use photos, google earth, etc. to augment your description. Describe the weaknesses or vulnerabilities of this location and what types of disorder/crime it may be vulnerable to. Now that you have explained or described your location, tell me what principles of CPTED you would incorporated to improve upon the security of this location. How will the principles of CPTED improve it?
In closing or concluding your paper, revisit how the concepts and theories we learned about in CPTED work towards improving upon the condition of your location. Convince me that you have made this area less vulnerable to crime by applying the CPTED theory, principles and concepts.
Considerations:

All existing positive and negative aspects of the building’s security measures are to be examined.
Establish/document (written, photograph, screenshots, maps) vulnerabilities
Document proposed solutions and,
Anticipated outcomes from your recommendations.
Submission must be double spaced, following APA referencing format.
Reference(s)/citation(s) must include two (2) materials from the course resources for the purpose of this assignment. You may utilize additional references, but you are required to refer to course material in your citations and reference list.
local commercial premises- costco whole sale warehouse

Assignment 1 (1 page)

Search Unit 9 Discussion
Unit 9 Discussion
What Do You Do If Your Client Intends to Lie Under Oath?
An important strategic decision for any criminal defense attorney and their client during any trial is whether the client will testify. Based on the constitutional protections afforded criminal defendants, no defendant in a criminal case can be compelled to give testimony against him or herself. However, some criminal defendants may want to provide testimony in support of their defense.
Attorneys and their non-attorney staff members must abide by the Rules of Professional Conduct adopted by their state. Most states have based their adopted rules on the American Bar Association’s Model Rules of Professional Conduct. Read ABA Model Rule 3.3 and its comment.
Imagine that you are a criminal defense attorney. While you are preparing your client to testify, you learn that your client intends to lie under oath. What steps do you have to take next? What do you think about this rule?
—————–
Assignment 2 (1/2 page) Ask a question to Kadacia (150 words minimum) Cite one reference
As a criminal defense attorney, learning that a client intends to lie under oath creates a serious ethical quandary. According to ABA Model Rule 3.3 (n.d.), an attorney has a responsibility of candor to the tribunal, which implies that they cannot intentionally allow misleading evidence or testimony to be offered in court. If I learn that my client intends to lie on the stand, my first action would be to counsel him against perjury, stressing the legal and ethical ramifications. It is vital to emphasize that lying under oath may result in additional criminal charges, weaken credibility, and jeopardize their defense. If the client insists on perjury, I am expected to take additional steps to prevent false testimony, including potentially resigning from representation if needed. However, per Hall (2022), withdrawal is not always granted because of the prejudice of the client, both in the eyes of the jury and because it leaves the client without counsel at a critical time in trial (p. 500).
I believe Rule 3.3 is crucial to the integrity of the judicial process. While a defense attorney’s primary obligation is to defend their client, this advocacy must adhere to the law. Allowing misleading testimony jeopardizes the fairness of the trial while also undermining public trust in the legal system. Although it may appear that this regulation puts attorneys in difficult situations, it assures that justice is pursued in accordance with ethical guidelines.
References
ABA. (n.d.) Rule 3.3: Candor Toward the Tribunal. Retrieved from Rule 3.3: Candor Toward the Tribunal (americanbar.org)
Hall, D. E. (2022). Criminal Law and Procedure (8th ed.). Cengage Learning US. https://purdueuniversityglobal.vitalsource.com/books/9798214341095 P. 500
——————
Assignment 3 Ask a question to Yohana (150 words minimum) Cite one reference
Lawyers must defend their clients zealously, but allowing the client or the witness to lie in trial will be like assisting one of his clients in committing a crime. Lying at trial is known as perjury and is punishable by the law. Therefore, if the attorney knows that his client, or a witness for his client, is thinking about lying in court, he needs to consider the ABA Ethical Model Rule 3.3, inform his client of the consequences of lying, and explain to the client how lying will only hurt his/her case as well as informing the tribunal of the untruthful information. Most lawyers and judges know when a client is lying, and once they catch a client or witness lying, their testimony will be questionable, potentially hurting the outcome of the client’s case. Also, suppose the attorney knows the client is lying, and the truth emerges. In that case, that attorney’s reputation, character, and professionalism will be at risk, as well as his relationship with his clients and his credibility in court, among other things.
The ABA Model Rules protect the client and the attorney and ensure that lawyers follow the rules of conduct to ethically and rightfully defend their clients. Rule 3.3 of the ABA Model Rule is excellent because it establishes the steps an attorney needs to take if he suspects that one of his clients or witnesses is about to commit the crime of perjury.
References
Rule 3.3: Candor Toward the Tribunal. (n.d.). American Bar Association. Retrieved September 26, 2024, from https://www.americanbar.org/groups/professional_responsibility/publications/model_rules_of_professional_conduct/rule_3_3_candor_toward_the_tribunal
Nothing But the Truth: What Happens When You Lie Under Oath? (2024, April 24). Oliver Maner LLP. Retrieved September 26, 2024, from https://olivermaner.com/posts/consequences-of-lying-under-oath

Assignment 1 (1 page)

Search Unit 9 Discussion
Unit 9 Discussion
What Do You Do If Your Client Intends to Lie Under Oath?
An important strategic decision for any criminal defense attorney and their client during any trial is whether the client will testify. Based on the constitutional protections afforded criminal defendants, no defendant in a criminal case can be compelled to give testimony against him or herself. However, some criminal defendants may want to provide testimony in support of their defense.
Attorneys and their non-attorney staff members must abide by the Rules of Professional Conduct adopted by their state. Most states have based their adopted rules on the American Bar Association’s Model Rules of Professional Conduct. Read ABA Model Rule 3.3 and its comment.
Imagine that you are a criminal defense attorney. While you are preparing your client to testify, you learn that your client intends to lie under oath. What steps do you have to take next? What do you think about this rule?
—————–
Assignment 2 (1/2 page) Ask a question to Kadacia (150 words minimum) Cite one reference
As a criminal defense attorney, learning that a client intends to lie under oath creates a serious ethical quandary. According to ABA Model Rule 3.3 (n.d.), an attorney has a responsibility of candor to the tribunal, which implies that they cannot intentionally allow misleading evidence or testimony to be offered in court. If I learn that my client intends to lie on the stand, my first action would be to counsel him against perjury, stressing the legal and ethical ramifications. It is vital to emphasize that lying under oath may result in additional criminal charges, weaken credibility, and jeopardize their defense. If the client insists on perjury, I am expected to take additional steps to prevent false testimony, including potentially resigning from representation if needed. However, per Hall (2022), withdrawal is not always granted because of the prejudice of the client, both in the eyes of the jury and because it leaves the client without counsel at a critical time in trial (p. 500).
I believe Rule 3.3 is crucial to the integrity of the judicial process. While a defense attorney’s primary obligation is to defend their client, this advocacy must adhere to the law. Allowing misleading testimony jeopardizes the fairness of the trial while also undermining public trust in the legal system. Although it may appear that this regulation puts attorneys in difficult situations, it assures that justice is pursued in accordance with ethical guidelines.
References
ABA. (n.d.) Rule 3.3: Candor Toward the Tribunal. Retrieved from Rule 3.3: Candor Toward the Tribunal (americanbar.org)
Hall, D. E. (2022). Criminal Law and Procedure (8th ed.). Cengage Learning US. https://purdueuniversityglobal.vitalsource.com/books/9798214341095 P. 500
——————
Assignment 3 Ask a question to Yohana (150 words minimum) Cite one reference
Lawyers must defend their clients zealously, but allowing the client or the witness to lie in trial will be like assisting one of his clients in committing a crime. Lying at trial is known as perjury and is punishable by the law. Therefore, if the attorney knows that his client, or a witness for his client, is thinking about lying in court, he needs to consider the ABA Ethical Model Rule 3.3, inform his client of the consequences of lying, and explain to the client how lying will only hurt his/her case as well as informing the tribunal of the untruthful information. Most lawyers and judges know when a client is lying, and once they catch a client or witness lying, their testimony will be questionable, potentially hurting the outcome of the client’s case. Also, suppose the attorney knows the client is lying, and the truth emerges. In that case, that attorney’s reputation, character, and professionalism will be at risk, as well as his relationship with his clients and his credibility in court, among other things.
The ABA Model Rules protect the client and the attorney and ensure that lawyers follow the rules of conduct to ethically and rightfully defend their clients. Rule 3.3 of the ABA Model Rule is excellent because it establishes the steps an attorney needs to take if he suspects that one of his clients or witnesses is about to commit the crime of perjury.
References
Rule 3.3: Candor Toward the Tribunal. (n.d.). American Bar Association. Retrieved September 26, 2024, from https://www.americanbar.org/groups/professional_responsibility/publications/model_rules_of_professional_conduct/rule_3_3_candor_toward_the_tribunal
Nothing But the Truth: What Happens When You Lie Under Oath? (2024, April 24). Oliver Maner LLP. Retrieved September 26, 2024, from https://olivermaner.com/posts/consequences-of-lying-under-oath

Assignment 1 (1 page)

Search Unit 9 Discussion
Unit 9 Discussion
What Do You Do If Your Client Intends to Lie Under Oath?
An important strategic decision for any criminal defense attorney and their client during any trial is whether the client will testify. Based on the constitutional protections afforded criminal defendants, no defendant in a criminal case can be compelled to give testimony against him or herself. However, some criminal defendants may want to provide testimony in support of their defense.
Attorneys and their non-attorney staff members must abide by the Rules of Professional Conduct adopted by their state. Most states have based their adopted rules on the American Bar Association’s Model Rules of Professional Conduct. Read ABA Model Rule 3.3 and its comment.
Imagine that you are a criminal defense attorney. While you are preparing your client to testify, you learn that your client intends to lie under oath. What steps do you have to take next? What do you think about this rule?
—————–
Assignment 2 (1/2 page) Ask a question to Kadacia (150 words minimum) Cite one reference
As a criminal defense attorney, learning that a client intends to lie under oath creates a serious ethical quandary. According to ABA Model Rule 3.3 (n.d.), an attorney has a responsibility of candor to the tribunal, which implies that they cannot intentionally allow misleading evidence or testimony to be offered in court. If I learn that my client intends to lie on the stand, my first action would be to counsel him against perjury, stressing the legal and ethical ramifications. It is vital to emphasize that lying under oath may result in additional criminal charges, weaken credibility, and jeopardize their defense. If the client insists on perjury, I am expected to take additional steps to prevent false testimony, including potentially resigning from representation if needed. However, per Hall (2022), withdrawal is not always granted because of the prejudice of the client, both in the eyes of the jury and because it leaves the client without counsel at a critical time in trial (p. 500).
I believe Rule 3.3 is crucial to the integrity of the judicial process. While a defense attorney’s primary obligation is to defend their client, this advocacy must adhere to the law. Allowing misleading testimony jeopardizes the fairness of the trial while also undermining public trust in the legal system. Although it may appear that this regulation puts attorneys in difficult situations, it assures that justice is pursued in accordance with ethical guidelines.
References
ABA. (n.d.) Rule 3.3: Candor Toward the Tribunal. Retrieved from Rule 3.3: Candor Toward the Tribunal (americanbar.org)
Hall, D. E. (2022). Criminal Law and Procedure (8th ed.). Cengage Learning US. https://purdueuniversityglobal.vitalsource.com/books/9798214341095 P. 500
——————
Assignment 3 Ask a question to Yohana (150 words minimum) Cite one reference
Lawyers must defend their clients zealously, but allowing the client or the witness to lie in trial will be like assisting one of his clients in committing a crime. Lying at trial is known as perjury and is punishable by the law. Therefore, if the attorney knows that his client, or a witness for his client, is thinking about lying in court, he needs to consider the ABA Ethical Model Rule 3.3, inform his client of the consequences of lying, and explain to the client how lying will only hurt his/her case as well as informing the tribunal of the untruthful information. Most lawyers and judges know when a client is lying, and once they catch a client or witness lying, their testimony will be questionable, potentially hurting the outcome of the client’s case. Also, suppose the attorney knows the client is lying, and the truth emerges. In that case, that attorney’s reputation, character, and professionalism will be at risk, as well as his relationship with his clients and his credibility in court, among other things.
The ABA Model Rules protect the client and the attorney and ensure that lawyers follow the rules of conduct to ethically and rightfully defend their clients. Rule 3.3 of the ABA Model Rule is excellent because it establishes the steps an attorney needs to take if he suspects that one of his clients or witnesses is about to commit the crime of perjury.
References
Rule 3.3: Candor Toward the Tribunal. (n.d.). American Bar Association. Retrieved September 26, 2024, from https://www.americanbar.org/groups/professional_responsibility/publications/model_rules_of_professional_conduct/rule_3_3_candor_toward_the_tribunal
Nothing But the Truth: What Happens When You Lie Under Oath? (2024, April 24). Oliver Maner LLP. Retrieved September 26, 2024, from https://olivermaner.com/posts/consequences-of-lying-under-oath

Assignment 1 (1 page)

Search Unit 9 Discussion
Unit 9 Discussion
What Do You Do If Your Client Intends to Lie Under Oath?
An important strategic decision for any criminal defense attorney and their client during any trial is whether the client will testify. Based on the constitutional protections afforded criminal defendants, no defendant in a criminal case can be compelled to give testimony against him or herself. However, some criminal defendants may want to provide testimony in support of their defense.
Attorneys and their non-attorney staff members must abide by the Rules of Professional Conduct adopted by their state. Most states have based their adopted rules on the American Bar Association’s Model Rules of Professional Conduct. Read ABA Model Rule 3.3 and its comment.
Imagine that you are a criminal defense attorney. While you are preparing your client to testify, you learn that your client intends to lie under oath. What steps do you have to take next? What do you think about this rule?
—————–
Assignment 2 (1/2 page) Ask a question to Kadacia (150 words minimum) Cite one reference
As a criminal defense attorney, learning that a client intends to lie under oath creates a serious ethical quandary. According to ABA Model Rule 3.3 (n.d.), an attorney has a responsibility of candor to the tribunal, which implies that they cannot intentionally allow misleading evidence or testimony to be offered in court. If I learn that my client intends to lie on the stand, my first action would be to counsel him against perjury, stressing the legal and ethical ramifications. It is vital to emphasize that lying under oath may result in additional criminal charges, weaken credibility, and jeopardize their defense. If the client insists on perjury, I am expected to take additional steps to prevent false testimony, including potentially resigning from representation if needed. However, per Hall (2022), withdrawal is not always granted because of the prejudice of the client, both in the eyes of the jury and because it leaves the client without counsel at a critical time in trial (p. 500).
I believe Rule 3.3 is crucial to the integrity of the judicial process. While a defense attorney’s primary obligation is to defend their client, this advocacy must adhere to the law. Allowing misleading testimony jeopardizes the fairness of the trial while also undermining public trust in the legal system. Although it may appear that this regulation puts attorneys in difficult situations, it assures that justice is pursued in accordance with ethical guidelines.
References
ABA. (n.d.) Rule 3.3: Candor Toward the Tribunal. Retrieved from Rule 3.3: Candor Toward the Tribunal (americanbar.org)
Hall, D. E. (2022). Criminal Law and Procedure (8th ed.). Cengage Learning US. https://purdueuniversityglobal.vitalsource.com/books/9798214341095 P. 500
——————
Assignment 3 Ask a question to Yohana (150 words minimum) Cite one reference
Lawyers must defend their clients zealously, but allowing the client or the witness to lie in trial will be like assisting one of his clients in committing a crime. Lying at trial is known as perjury and is punishable by the law. Therefore, if the attorney knows that his client, or a witness for his client, is thinking about lying in court, he needs to consider the ABA Ethical Model Rule 3.3, inform his client of the consequences of lying, and explain to the client how lying will only hurt his/her case as well as informing the tribunal of the untruthful information. Most lawyers and judges know when a client is lying, and once they catch a client or witness lying, their testimony will be questionable, potentially hurting the outcome of the client’s case. Also, suppose the attorney knows the client is lying, and the truth emerges. In that case, that attorney’s reputation, character, and professionalism will be at risk, as well as his relationship with his clients and his credibility in court, among other things.
The ABA Model Rules protect the client and the attorney and ensure that lawyers follow the rules of conduct to ethically and rightfully defend their clients. Rule 3.3 of the ABA Model Rule is excellent because it establishes the steps an attorney needs to take if he suspects that one of his clients or witnesses is about to commit the crime of perjury.
References
Rule 3.3: Candor Toward the Tribunal. (n.d.). American Bar Association. Retrieved September 26, 2024, from https://www.americanbar.org/groups/professional_responsibility/publications/model_rules_of_professional_conduct/rule_3_3_candor_toward_the_tribunal
Nothing But the Truth: What Happens When You Lie Under Oath? (2024, April 24). Oliver Maner LLP. Retrieved September 26, 2024, from https://olivermaner.com/posts/consequences-of-lying-under-oath

In the Pod cast, The Hidden Brain, we learn about the origins of ‘Broken Windows’ theory.
In your opinion, was this concept successfully utilized in the case of New York, as detailed in the podcast.
Consider a few factors – community impacts, effect on crime reduction, etc.
Were some adversely impacted through this application of Broken Windows?
Did the application of this concept benefit some? If so, how?
Does it have relevance in today’s policing? If so, why? If not, why do think believe it does not?
300 words, proper APA citations are mandatory.
Attach as a Word document, double spaced.
https://www.npr.org/2017/05/29/530192364/how-a-theory-of-crime-and-policing-was-born-and-went-terribly-wrong

Complete review Chapter 11, Questions 1-12, page 385.
Submit your assignment by posting the answers to the review questions. Submit all of your answers in one (1) document, please.
You need to include in-text citations (Plotkin, 2016) after any material that is not yours and especially any quotes. This in-text citation will also have a reference listed at the end to match.
References
Garland, N. M. (2014). Criminal Evidence. McGraw-Hill Education.