Category: Biology

High Elevation Adaptation
Adaptations to living at high elevation including metabolic rates, respiration rates and hemoglobin concentrations are shared by many indigenous communities. These traits are heritable, and passed on to the next generation. Athletes train at high elevations to reap the benefits of these adaptations, even short term. But, it makes some people sick – ever hear of altitude sickness? What’s up with that?
Research high elevation adaptations. Talk about why some athletes train in the clouds but some people can’t get out of bed when they visit a ski resort. Your focus should be on using evidence about the structure and function of the parts of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems that are affected.
You must use evidence from at least one outside reputable source in addition to your textbook.

PLEASE READ THE 3 FILES Attached for assignments
1 for instructions
1 for rubric and
1 for samples
all the graph should like samples and include all axis, title, legend and formula.
total 12 graphs and 8 tabs

Review of videos you watched in class
Assume you work for the local newspaper and PBS showed you the first episodes of the documentaries (that you
watched in class) as preview to what they are going to show for their fall program. Write a brief review of 400 –
600 words, as you would write a newspaper column highlighting how effective the videos are explaining the
geological forces that have shaped this earth, how effective they are in
1) explaining and providing evidence for the age of the earth which is at least 4.6 BYA and
2) how nothing has been stable when measured in geological time including the location of continents and
climate.
Also discuss, how watching these videos give a perspective on the current human induced climate change and why
this is cause for concern even though when measured in geological time climate has been always been changing.
You could also include a note whether you liked one video better than the other or if both complemented each other
in explaining the concepts.
I have provided a summary of the major points discussed in the videos below.
They are also in the review sheet for Exam I
Video – BBC Earth Story – Two episodes – Episode 1: time Travelers and Episode 2: The Deep
(Narrated by Aubrey Manning)
– What is the significance of sedimentary layers in rocks?
– -Why is the age of the earth estimated from meteorites?
– -Why is there a difference of 500 MY between the rocks on earth and meteorites?
– -Destruction and formation of the earth’s crust
– – What did Hutton see at the exposed rock cliff in Scotland?
– -rocks – Igneous, Metamorphic, and sedimentary types
– – Which one is used to estimate dates?
– – different rock layers contain different assemblages of fossils. This is used to estimate relative ages of fossils.
– – index fossils
– – What does the shiny pyrite reveal in the rock beds at 6000m below the surface?
– Absence of free atmospheric oxygen when the earth was first formed.
– – What does the presence of crystals in 3.5 BY old rocks in Barberton in south Africa Reveal? Water
– – What do the globules trapped between rock layers suggest? Volcanic activity.
– – Presence of bacterial fossils in the rocks at Barberton.
– What is the significance of the rift valley along the continental crust in the oceans?
– How thick is the ocean floor compared to the thickness of the continents?
– How was the reversal of the magnetic fields used to explain continental drift? Magnetism and plate tectonics
support Wegener’s idea
– What hypothesis was tested to show the validity of continental movement?
– What kinds of organisms are the primary producers that live around hydrothermal vents in the bottom of the
oceans? How do these organisms obtain energy to make the macromolecules necessary for life?
Video – BBC- The Power of the Planet – Episode 1: Volcanoes (Narrated By Iain Stewart)
Stewart climbs to Erta Ale which has a permanent lake of molten lava in the Afar Region to show what process?
This compares to what other process?
The process of lava welling up, forming a crust, and then sinking affects the entire planet. The history of Earth has
been driven by the molten core which is as hot as the sun and fuels volcanoes.
In Iceland, molten rock heats the water. Stewart describes how Surtsey formed in the same manner as Iceland.
The Almannagja Fault in Iceland. Stewart scuba dives in the chasm to show the North American plate and between
it and the European plate, to explain plate tectonics and how hot rock rises when magma erupts, moving plates apart.
These continents move three-quarters of an inch annually and Stewart describes how Pangaea broke apart into seven
distinct lands.
He then explains how Mountain Form over time and how the Pacific and Australian plates collide, forming New
Zealand and the Southern Alps. Other ranges including the Andes, Himalayas, and the European Alps also form
similarly and shows an event in Northern Pakistan, Muzaffarabad how an earthquake that was measured before and
after the event saw the land rise by several inches. This process repeated again and again is what causes mountains
to rise over time – measured in millions of years to account for the Himalayas.
He then illustrates how if wasn’t for these geological events that build mountains water in the form of rain and in
rivers would erode all land and carry silt to the oceans. This earth will become flat if the plates stop moving.
How does Stewart use volcanoes to explain key roles in providing the raw materials for origin of life and also to
recycle carbon captured by photosynthesis back into the atmosphere.
What was the role of volcanoes in ending the snowball earth era (When did this happen?) and what effect did it have
in the evolution of life? What role do volcanoes play in climate measured in geological time and how does it
compare with current human induced climate change?

Purpose
One of the important outcomes from the course is that upon completion, students familiarize themselves with the usage of terminology and research associated with Human Anatomy. Through reviewing research articles and constructing a written summary, you will gain exposure to terminology of human anatomy in its application in the “real-world” setting.
Assignment
This module includes a written assignment on a topic of your own choice that reviews research and provides the student’s own summary and understanding of what that research tells us. You may select any module specific topic that is based upon any material presented in the textbook. The article that you are summarizing must be a peer-edited article (not a website, magazine, etc.). Plagiarism of any sort will not be tolerated.
Instructions
The 1-page summary should reflect independent student research on the topic chosen and include the following:
Summary must be single spaced, in 12-point, Times New Roman font.
Summary must include the following sections: objectives, methods, results, and conclusions.
Include a reference page in APA format.
Summary must be submitted by 11:59 p.m. EST on the day they are due.
Download BIO 225 Summary ExampleDownload Summary Example
“To search scholarly articles with the Marian Library: go to the Marian library website, find the databases, and choose one of the two Medline databases. Enter the key words to search for, for example, “sperm mitochondria.” Before you do the search, click “Structured Abstracts” to give you only articles organized according to the categories that you need for your abstract assignment, and click “Full Text” so that you be will be able to get the full article as a download. Then click search and you should get a number of research and peer-reviewed articles that will fit the bill for your assignment. If you don’t find any that you like you can try with only one of the search terms and that will give you a bigger selection of articles to choose from.”
https://scholar.google.com/(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
Plagiarism is using the words or ideas of another as your own without giving credit to the source author. This also includes taking a paper found online and submitting it as one’s own paper and/or cutting and pasting from a website and submitting it as your work product.
Plagiarism is defined in detail in the Code of Student Rights and Responsibilities under Section 8: Academic Conduct Procedures, as well as an extended description of academic dishonesty:
https://www.marian.edu/docs/default-source/campus-life/codeofstudentrightsandresponsibilities.pdf?sfvrsn=18 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
The following are some helpful websites for understanding plagiarism, documentation and citation:
Marian University’s library: https://www.marian.edu/current-students/library(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
org: https://plagiarism.org/(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
Purdue OWL: https://owl.purdue.edu/(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
HOW TO SUBMIT YOUR ASSIGNMENT
When you are ready to submit the assignment, click Start Assignment
To upload a file from your computer, click the Choose File When the file window appears, locate and click the name of the file. At the bottom of the window, click the Choose or Browse button (depending on your browser).
If you need to upload another file, click the Add Another File
Click the Submit Assignment
View this quick video(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. on how to submit your assignment.

hi can you please create a 10 page power point presentation slides for me to present based off of the research report you created?

Energy from floating algae pools –One dilemma we are facing is that fossil fuels, like gasoline and coal, are finite resources that can take millions of years to replenish and yet we are consuming them at an alarming rate. There is a great effort worldwide to identify alternative energy sources that can power our everyday life. One potential alternative energy source that you may have not heard of is biofuels. The TedTalk video, Energy from Floating Algae Pools, shows how microalgae create energetically dense oils utilizing photosynthesis and how we could potentially use this to create large quantities of biofuel. After watching the video, discuss your thoughts on the current dilemma we are facing with fossil fuels.
Is there anything about this process that surprises you?
Do you think this would be a viable alternative fuel compared to gasoline, electric, or diesel?
You may need to use outside sources for supportive information. Please make sure you cite your sources if you do so.

Microbiology 221

First report:
Pick a bacterial pathogen, that you have an interest in. Report on an aspect of it that you find interesting.
The initial portion of the report should include
• General information on the pathogen, or outbreak if you’re reporting on something specific
• Pathology – How does the disease infect, transmit, maintain itself in the population
• Symptomology – What type of illness does it cause, are there symptoms specific to the disease
• Treatment – just like it says
The remainder of the paper should address why you decided on this pathogen, what is interesting about it to you?
The topic may be any of your choice, for example:
• A case study of an outbreak
• Antibiotic resistance
• A historical perspective
• A focus on one of the above topics
Be detailed on this section, you don’t have to go overboard, but you should show me that you learned something new in writing this paper.
Format:
• 3 page minimum
o that is at least 3 pages of writing, a half page image does not contribute to the paper length
o A cover page and reference page likewise do not contribute to the page count
• 12-point font
• Double spaced
• Paragraphs are good
• Make sure your name is on the paper
• Spelling does count on this paper; it’s not too much to ask you to run spellcheck
• Citations must be provided; they are to be given in APA format
o Note: the paper itself does not have to follow these formats, just the citation process.
o There are programs that you may install into your word processor that can help:
▪ End note
▪ RefWorks
▪ Mendeley cite
o There are also online sites that can help you easily generate citations and references
▪ https://www.grammarly.com/apa/citations
▪ https://www.citationmachine.net/apa

• What is a Parenthetical (in text) citation?
o Parenthetical citations are citations provided at the end of sentences or paragraphs where you have obtained specific information from a specific source.
o Each piece of specific citation inside the paper must be attributed to the reference page in the back of the paper.
▪ Just providing a list of references at the back of the paper is not satisfactory!
• The sources must come from a valid scientific resource or other reputable source.
o Scientific journals
o CDC
o WHO
o .edu
o .gov
• If you find yourself in need of sources, please contact me.
• If you are unsure if a source is valid, please contact me.
• If you have any questions about the format, please contact me.

Remember, the priority here, is that
1. you have taken an interest in this subject,
2. acquired information from a reputable scientific source, and
3. reported on it in a concisely and accurately
4. Cited your information in a proper APA format
5. Linked your citation to the reference page in the back of the paper

Please follow these instructions. Let me know if you are able to access the articles. Write 200 words. APA Format
In this module we have discussed cells and tissues. This is a link
https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/11/06/663612981/these-flatworms-can-regrow-a-body-from-a-fragment-how-do-they-do-it-and-could-we
to an interesting article, that relates to how cell division occurs. Please review the article, and post your thoughts on how this informs our understanding of tissue growth and repair. 
Assignment:
200 words, comment on how 
Researching flatworms has relevance to scientific research
Researching flatworms has applies to humans
Using these other links here  https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2013/06/10/190385484/chopped-how-amputated-fingertips-sometimes-grow-back#:~:text=A%20little%20bit%20of%20nail%20can%20help%20a%20fingertip%20regrow.,-Heather%20Rousseau%2FNPR&text=When%20a%20kid%20lops%20off,bone%20and%20nail%20could%20return.  and here  https://www.livescience.com/59194-could-humans-ever-regenerate-limbs.html  or based on your on research, comment on the limitation of this type of research.
 
Note: quotations are not allowed in the write-up. Use your words to summarize your understanding and analysis.

Please see the Instructions in the Word Document (.docx) posted to Canvass entitled ‘Genetics of Opioid Substance Use Disorder Postlab’. Fill out that Word Document and submit it there for grading.

Instructions
Course Project Assignment #1: Annotated Bibliography
For this assignment, you will use the “Medical Disease/Condition” you chose for the Week 2 Mini-Presentation as your topic and will focus on the following subtopics as they relate to this disease/condition:
Statistics/Epidemiology
Financial Costs
Anatomy & Physiology/Etiology
Diagnosis/Treatment/Prognosis
Objective: The Annotated Bibliography is included as part of the Course Project because it provides the first step in preparing your Outline and Final Presentation. One of the issues regarding research, especially in the biosciences, medical, health/nutrition, and exercise/fitness fields, is the credibility of the sources used, particularly those obtained from various websites. By challenging you to evaluate each of your potential sources carefully, the Annotated Bibliography helps you to:
determine that the source article (e.g., peer-reviewed journal paper, book, website article) you chose is academically and scientifically credible,
explain how and why your source article is relevant to your course project’s required topics and subtopics (listed above), and
list those sources in proper APA reference format (version 6 or 7).
Course Project Timeline of Assignments
Before You Start:
To prepare for this assignment, I recommend that you:
Read these directions carefully.
Review the sample Annotated Bibliography provided to you: Sample Annotated Bibliography
Read the grading criteria HERE. The grading criteria is a detailed evaluation that I will use to assess your performance. It also will help you understand what is expected of you as you prepare your assignment.
Use your own words (paraphrase). For help with paraphrasing, please review ‘Quoting and Paraphrasing’ help in the Trefry Library Writing@APUS Center.
Note that your Turnitin report similarity score should be under 20% (not including references) and free of paraphrasing issues. Review the color-flagged text on your report, fix any issues, and resubmit again before the deadline (this assignment is set to unlimited submissions).
Note that less than 10% of your work should contain direct quotes.
Email me with any questions!
Assignment Instructions: Your Annotated Bibliography will include an APA-formatted reference, summary, and evaluation of two of the source articles you will use for your Outline and Final Presentation. However, you must use FIVE or more articles in your Outline and Final Presentation.
Download and fill in this TEMPLATE with the following information for your TWO academically and scientifically credible sources:
APA Reference Formatting of Source Article:
Written in APA reference list format (6th or 7th edition). For more help with formatting, see this APA handout.
Important Note: APUS discourages the use of auto-citation tools (e.g., citation generators) by students enrolled in 100- and 200-level courses because the University believes students need to learn and understand the reasons for citing sources used in their work, as well as how to cite sources correctly.
Summary:
What is the purpose of the source article, and how is it relevant to your Course Project’s topic and required subtopics? Briefly address the following points in 4-6 sentences:
Begin with a “topic sentence” that states the source’s main point. (e.g., This article discusses the etiology of osteoarthritis in the synovial joints.).
Summarize the main findings and conclusions of the peer-reviewed journal paper, book, website article, etc.
State how the information is relevant to your project’s assigned topics and subtopics.
Evaluation:
After summarizing the source article, it is necessary to evaluate it and state where you found it (journal, website, book, etc.). Briefly answer the following questions in 4-6 sentences:
What is the format/type of source article (e.g., peer-reviewed journal paper, book, website article)?
Is the author an authority/expert on the topic? Explain how the author is qualified (see below).
For subject-matter experts, provide their credentials (e.g., degrees earned, professional or academic affiliations, published works)
For freelance/professional writers (non-experts), state if all reference sources are academically and scientifically credible and provide an example.
For undergraduate-student writers (non-experts), include the subject-matter expert that may have edited or reviewed their work.
If no author is listed, move on to discuss the publishing source.
How is the publishing source (e.g., website’s sponsoring organization, journal, book publisher) credible? (e.g., The Journal of the American Medical Association is an international, peer-reviewed journal comprised of subject-matter expert members and published 48 times a year by the American Medical Association.)
For more help, see this handout on evaluating resources.
*Writing Expectations: Apply scientific concepts and use scientific terminology correctly. Utilize proper spelling, grammar, and punctuation
Evaluation: Please review the BIOL181 Annotated Bibliography Grading Criteria attachment that describe how your annotated bibliography will be graded.
Submission Instructions:
You must submit your Annotated Bibliography as a “Microsoft Word” document using the template provided (rather than a Word Pad, Works, etc., document) AND title your file name as FirstnameLastname_BIOL181_Assg1.doc. Otherwise, you will not receive credit for your assignment. Accepted file types are .doc and .docx only.
Upload your assignment for grading by selecting the “Add a File” section.
The new screen will prompt you to select the “My Computer” button so you can locate the MS Word document of your Annotated Bibliography on your computer.
Find the file and double-select it.
Select “Continue”.
Double-check to ensure that your Annotated Bibliography was successfully uploaded as an attachment.
When you have completed this assignment, type “Completed” in the rich text editor box below.
Select the “Submit” button.
Your Annotated Bibliography is automatically submitted to Turnitin with your submission: Papers will be automatically added to and checked against the standard Turnitin repositories. Originality reports will be returned to the faculty and student in roughly 15 minutes of the submission. Multiple submissions are allowed before the due date. If you wish to learn more about and how to access Turnitin.com, a plagiarism detection website, visit the Trefry Online Library, APUS Writing Center.submission: Papers will be automatically added to and checked against the standard Turnitin repositories. Originality reports will be returned to the faculty and student in roughly 15 minutes of the submission. Multiple submissions are allowed before the due date. If you wish to learn more about and how to access Turnitin.com, a plagiarism detection website, visit the Trefry Online Library, APUS Writing Center.