Chapter Five discusses sampling, populations, and measurement validity. On Friday, June 24, 2022, the Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) overturned Roe v. Wade. According to polls and sampling, as of May 19, 2022, 64% of the United States population, who were surveyed, favored womens’ right to choose. In your opinion, how accurate is the percentage?

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

Step 1: Understand the Assignment Prompt

• Identify the focus: evaluating the accuracy of a poll result (64% in favor of women’s right to choose).

• Consider key statistical concepts: sampling, population, sample size, and measurement validity.

Step 2: Define Key Terms

• Population: All U.S. adults who could potentially be surveyed.

• Sample: The group of people actually surveyed in the poll.

• Measurement Validity: How well the poll measures what it intends (opinions on Roe v. Wade).

Step 3: Examine the Polling Data

• Check if the poll sample is representative of the U.S. population (age, gender, region, political affiliation).

• Look at the sample size: larger samples typically produce more reliable estimates.

• Consider margin of error: most polls report ±3–5%.

Step 4: Identify Potential Sources of Error

• Sampling Bias: If certain groups were underrepresented, the percentage may not reflect the entire population.

• Nonresponse Bias: If many people refused to answer, the results may be skewed.

• Question Wording Effects: How the question is phrased can influence responses.

Step 5: Evaluate Accuracy

• Combine the sample size, margin of error, and sampling method to determine likely accuracy.

• Example: A 64% result with a ±4% margin of error could realistically range from 60% to 68%.

Step 6: Write Your Analysis

• Introduction: State the poll and the question it measures.

• Evaluation: Discuss representativeness, sample size, margin of error, and potential biases.

• Conclusion: Give your opinion on how accurate the 64% figure is and explain why.

Step 7: Support with References

• Use sources that explain polling methodology and error:

  • Pew Research – How Polls Work

  • Gallup – Understanding Polling Accuracy

  • Khan Academy – Sampling and Surveys

Step 8: Review and Edit

• Check that your analysis uses correct statistical terms.

• Make sure your reasoning about accuracy is clear and supported by evidence.

• Proofread for clarity, grammar, and flow.

 QUESTION

Develop a program that targets at risk teenagers for criminal behavior. Explain in detail what this program would do in terms of specific activities. Then, develop a programmatic logic model whereby you stipulate a minimum of 10 performance measures. These 10 measures should be a combination of input, output, and outcome measures. Identify each measure that you develop as an input, output, or outcome measure. Include a logic model diagram.
Northouse, Peter G., 2015. Leadership: Theory and Practice (7th Edition).
USA, United Kingdom, India: Sage Publications.
Can use other scholarly resources.

SOLUTION

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

Step 1: Understand the Assignment

• You need to design a detailed program targeting at-risk teenagers to prevent criminal behavior.

• Describe the program’s specific activities clearly.

• Develop a logic model that includes at least 10 performance measures.

• These measures must include inputs, outputs, and outcomes.

• Provide a logic model diagram illustrating the program’s flow and measures.

• Use Northouse’s Leadership: Theory and Practice (2015) and other scholarly sources to support your design.

Step 2: Define the Program Purpose and Goals

• The program aims to reduce criminal behavior among at-risk teens by addressing underlying social, educational, and psychological factors.

• Focus on building life skills, resilience, and community support.

Step 3: Outline Specific Program Activities

• Mentorship: Pair teens with trained adult mentors who provide guidance, support, and positive role modeling.

• Skill-Building Workshops: Conduct weekly workshops on communication, conflict resolution, decision-making, and emotional regulation.

• Educational Support: Offer tutoring and homework help to improve academic performance and school engagement.

• Family Involvement: Facilitate family counseling sessions and parent workshops to improve family dynamics and support systems.

• Community Service Projects: Engage teens in community improvement projects to foster responsibility and social connection.

• Recreational Activities: Organize sports, arts, and cultural activities to promote teamwork and healthy outlets.

• Career Exploration: Provide career counseling and internships to build future aspirations and employability skills.

• Mental Health Services: Offer access to counseling and psychological support for trauma, stress, or behavioral issues.

Step 4: Develop the Logic Model Structure

Step 5: Identify Performance Measures

Step 6: Create the Logic Model Diagram

Step 7: Write Your Paper

• Introduction: Explain the issue of at-risk youth and the need for intervention programs.

• Program Description: Detail each specific activity and its rationale.

• Logic Model and Measures: Present your logic model with explanations of each input, output, and outcome measure.

• Conclusion: Summarize how your program can make a difference and suggest ways to evaluate and sustain it.

• Cite Northouse (2015) and other scholarly resources to frame your leadership approach and program design.

Additional Tips:

• Emphasize leadership principles from Northouse to highlight how program leadership supports success.

• Use evidence from research on youth interventions to justify activities and expected outcomes.

• Ensure performance measures are SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound).

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS REPORT: DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS ANALYSIS
ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS
OVERVIEW
You will take part in several data analysis assignments in which you will develop a report using
tables and figures from the IBM SPSS® output file of your results. Using the resources and
readings provided, you will interpret these results and test the hypotheses and writeup these
interpretations. As doctoral students, your assignments are expected to follow the principles of
high-quality scientific standards and promote knowledge and understanding in the field of public
administration. You should apply a rigorous and critical assessment of a body of theory and
empirical research, articulating what is known about the phenomenon and ways to advance
research about the topic under review. Research syntheses should identify significant variables, a
systematic and reproducible search strategy, and a clear framework for studies included in the
larger analysis.
INSTRUCTIONS
• Copy and paste all tables and figures into a Word document and format the results in
APA current edition.
• Interpret your results.
• Final report should be formatted using APA current edition, and in a Word document.
• 12-20 double-spaced pages of content in length (not counting the title page or references).
• The report should be supported by at least 10 citations from course readings and
presentations as appropriate.
• Manuscriipts should not be written in first person (“I”).
• All material should be 12-point, Times New Roman type, double-spaced with margins of
one inch.
• All manuscriipts should be clearly and concisely written, with technical material set off.
Please do not use jargon, slang, idioms, colloquialisms, or bureaucratese. Use acronyms
sparingly and spell them out the first time you use them. Please do not construct
acronyms from phrases you repeat frequently in the text.
For this assignment, select the eight demographic variables and then select ten (10) of the 71
questions and report the frequency and descriiptive statistics results with interpretations.
1. The first assignment uses the 2018 Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey (Federal
Employee Survey 2018. sav).
2. Copy the data file onto your computer’s hard drive. It will not run from the course site.
3. Click on the IBM SPSS® icon on your computer desktop.
4. When it opens, select File, Open, and find the file named Federal Employee Survey 2018.
5. Click on it to open.
6. Run descriiptive statistics (frequency tables only) on the demographic variables (first
eight variables).
PADM 810
Page 2 of 3
7. For variables Q 1 through Q 71, perform frequency tables and run descriiptive statistics:
mean, median, and standard deviation.
8. Copy and paste all tables into a Word document and format the results in APA. The
tables from IBM SPSS® can be edited in Word. The figures are copy and pasted as
pictures and cannot be edited in Word. They can be edited in IBM SPSS®. See Cronk:
pp. 47 – 48 and provided Learn items.
Below is an example of one of the variables. You CANNOT use this question as one of your ten
questions.
Table 1.
Question 30 Frequency Analysis: Employees have a feeling of personal empowerment with
respect to work processes
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Strongly Disagree 54327 9.1 9.4 9.4
Disagree 100392 16.8 17.5 26.9
Neither Agree nor
Disagree
135506 22.7 23.6 50.5
Agree 216007 36.1 37.6 88.0
Strongly Agree 68709 11.5 12.0 100.0
Valid
Total 574941 96.1 100.0
Missing 99 23062 3.9
Total 598003 100.0
Table 2.
Question 30 Descriiptive Statistics: Employees have a feeling of personal empowerment with
respect to work processes
Statistic Value
Valid 574941N
Missing 23062
Mean 3.25
Median 3.00

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

Step-by-Step Guide:

1. Understand the Assignment Overview

• Recognize that your task is to analyze data using SPSS and create a descriptive statistics report.
• Focus on:
  • Eight demographic variables (frequency tables).
  • Ten questions (frequency tables, means, medians, standard deviations).
  • Interpreting results and formatting them in APA style.

2. Prepare Your Resources

• Ensure SPSS is installed and functioning on your computer.
• Download the dataset: Federal Employee Survey 2018.sav to your computer’s hard drive.
• Review APA formatting guidelines for tables, figures, and citations.

3. Open and Explore the Dataset in SPSS

• Open SPSS and locate the dataset:
  • Go to File > Open > Data and select Federal Employee Survey 2018.sav.
• Familiarize yourself with the dataset structure:
  • Identify the eight demographic variables.
  • Explore questions Q1–Q71 to choose ten for analysis.

4. Conduct Analysis in SPSS

• Step 1: Analyze Demographic Variables
  • Run frequency tables for the first eight variables:
    • Navigate to Analyze > Descriptive Statistics > Frequencies.
    • Select the demographic variables and click “OK.”
  • Save the output by copying the tables into a Word document.
• Step 2: Analyze Questions Q1–Q71
  • Choose ten questions for analysis.
  • Run descriptive statistics for each question:
    • Go to Analyze > Descriptive Statistics > Frequencies.
    • Check options for mean, median, and standard deviation.
    • Copy and paste all tables and figures into your Word document.

5. Format Tables and Figures in APA Style

• Adjust table titles and formatting to match APA guidelines.
  • Example table title: Table 1. Frequency Analysis for [Question Text]
• Ensure figures are clear and labeled correctly.

6. Write the Report

• Title Page
  • Include a title, your name, course title, instructor name, and date.
• Introduction
  • Briefly describe the dataset and the purpose of the analysis.
  • State the objectives: analyzing demographic variables and descriptive statistics for survey questions.
• Methods Section
  • Explain how the data was selected and analyzed.
  • Mention SPSS as the software used for statistical analysis.
• Results Section
  • Present each table or figure with a brief interpretation.
    • Example: “Table 1 shows the frequency distribution for Question 1, indicating that 37.6% of respondents agreed with the statement, while 12% strongly agreed.”
  • Highlight key findings for each variable/question.
• Discussion Section
  • Analyze trends or patterns in the data.
  • Discuss the implications of the findings in relation to public administration.
• Conclusion
  • Summarize key insights from the analysis.
  • Propose how these findings could guide future research or policy.
• References
  • Include at least ten citations from course readings and presentations.

7. Proofread and Finalize

• Ensure your report adheres to the APA format.
• Double-check grammar, spelling, and table consistency.
• Confirm that the manuscript meets the 12–20 double-spaced page requirement (excluding the title page and references).

Final Tips:

• Stay concise and avoid jargon or overly technical language.
• Spell out acronyms the first time they appear.
• Use the provided example tables as a reference for formatting.

Review this week’s Learning Resources related to data presentations, including use of databases (e.g., Data Planet) and creating PowerPoint presentations.
https://data.sagepub.com/dataset?view=

Review the objective add , Write a research question 3 pages , scope of the study one page, significant of the study one page, thesis organization a paragraph (related to my previous order)

To Prepare
Review this week’s Learning Resources, focusing on the Bardach and Patashnik (2020) readings to prepare you to create a multidimensional matrix for your portion of your group’s presentation.
Consider what is needed beyond traditional cost-benefit analysis, as shown in the example decision matrix by Whittington (2004) in this week’s Learning Resources.
Use critical thinking to consider the multidimensional criteria for creating alternatives, supported with evidence, for the topic you are preparing for the first presentation, including projected outcomes you’ll get based on alternatives.

Produce a brief analysis and evaluation of ethics and leadership’s role in public administration and FEMA. The analysis and evaluation must contain each of the elements identified under the assignment requirements below.
Explain and differentiate between the concepts of ethics and morals, and then analyze the roles they play in individual leaders’ actions.
Identify a high-profile public servant who has experienced an ethical failing covered in the mainstream media within the past six months.
Analyze and evaluate the concepts of ethics and morals with regard to this public servant.
Evaluate the social and ethical implications of decisions made in the public interest by this leader.
Apply principles of leadership change to improve governance and management of public policy to the fallen public servant.
Use proper APA style throughout and citations and references for the paper.

MPA/573: Program Evaluation
Wk 2 – Policy Presentation
Assignment Content
Question
Choose and complete 1 of the 2 assignment options:
Option 1: Forecasting Comparison Presentation
Identify a state, local, or federal policy that impacts your organization or community.
Create an 8- to 10-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation in which you complete the following:
Describe how forecasting can be used to implement this policy and highlight any limitations of the usage of forecasting.
Compare and contrast the different forms of forecasting used to aid decision-makers when evaluating policy outcomes.
Discuss the types of information needed to ensure forecasts are accurate.
Analyze the relationship between forecasting, monitoring of observed policy outcomes, and normative futures in goals and agenda-setting.

Include speaker notes with each slide.
Cite at least 4 peer-reviewed or similar references to support your presentation.
Include a slide with APA-formatted references.
Option 2: Forecasting Comparison Paper
identifies a state, local, or federal policy that impacts your organization or community.
Describe how forecasting can be used to implement this policy and highlight any limitations of the usage of forecasting. As part of your discussion, be sure to touch upon the following:
Compare and contrast the different forms of forecasting used to aid decision-making when evaluating policy outcomes.
Discuss the types of information needed to ensure forecasts are accurate.
Analyze the relationship between forecasting, monitoring of observed policy outcomes, and normative futures in goals and agenda-setting.

Note: The word count does not include the Title or References pages.

Cite at least 5 peer-reviewed or similar references to support your assignment.

Format your assignment according to APA guidelines.

MPA/573: Program Evaluation
Wk 2 – Policy Presentation
Assignment Content
Question
Choose and complete 1 of the 2 assignment options:
Option 1: Forecasting Comparison Presentation
Identify a state, local, or federal policy that impacts your organization or community.
Create an 8- to 10-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation in which you complete the following:
Describe how forecasting can be used to implement this policy and highlight any limitations of the usage of forecasting.
Compare and contrast the different forms of forecasting used to aid decision-makers when evaluating policy outcomes.
Discuss the types of information needed to ensure forecasts are accurate.
Analyze the relationship between forecasting, monitoring of observed policy outcomes, and normative futures in goals and agenda-setting.

Include speaker notes with each slide.
Cite at least 4 peer-reviewed or similar references to support your presentation.
Include a slide with APA-formatted references.
Option 2: Forecasting Comparison Paper
identifies a state, local, or federal policy that impacts your organization or community.
Describe how forecasting can be used to implement this policy and highlight any limitations of the usage of forecasting. As part of your discussion, be sure to touch upon the following:
Compare and contrast the different forms of forecasting used to aid decision-making when evaluating policy outcomes.
Discuss the types of information needed to ensure forecasts are accurate.
Analyze the relationship between forecasting, monitoring of observed policy outcomes, and normative futures in goals and agenda-setting.

Note: The word count does not include the Title or References pages.

Cite at least 5 peer-reviewed or similar references to support your assignment.

Format your assignment according to APA guidelines.

MPA/543: Data Analysis For Public Policy And Management
Wk 1 – Policy Research Project: Development of Research Questions
Assignment Content
Question
A professional in public administration encounters a lot of information—from within the agency, from across organizations within government, and from the general public. Developing the skills to discern fact from conjecture, objective analysis from bias, and a credible source from one that isn’t comes with knowing what to look for in separating valuable information from questionable material. Even published research should be evaluated using the standards of credibility and reliability, which we will discuss in depth throughout this course.
Participating in the research process by which many public policies are established provides you with firsthand experience in science-based methods employed in search of actionable, fact-based information. This experience fortifies your ability to develop informed, 360-degree perspectives that are at the core of many decisions as a public administration professional.
For this course-length research project, imagine that you are a researcher in the public sector. You received a grant to fund a research project that will be used to inform a major policy decision.
To begin your project this week, identify a problem in contemporary society related to your field of experience or interest that potentially can be solved through the research process in applying the facts toward policy decisions.
The project requirements for each week are as follows:
Week 1: Develop research questions around an issue that interests you as a public policy concern.
Week 2: Develop a research design to determine how you will attempt to answer the questions.
Week 3: Collect data to support your hypothesis.
Week 5: Analyze the data gathered to produce usable information toward your research.
Week 6: Detail your research process, findings, and conclusions in a written paper. Incorporate any feedback received in previous submissions.

As with all research, begin this week by identifying the questions you want to answer.
Describe an issue in public policy that is relevant to society today. Ensure that the issue and its questions are within a scope you can attempt to answer by Week 6 by carrying out the full research process.
Conduct research of literature and other credible sources to help define and articulate your questions. List the literature you reviewed that contributed to your hypothesis.
Develop and state your theory or hypothesis for the policy issue.
Complete the Developing Research Questions Template.
Cite at least 8 to 10 credible references to support your research.
Format your citations according to APA guidelines.