Category: Psychology

The goal of Fun Paper #1 is to use the correlational method to think more deeply about the substance use in the developing brain. In particular, we want you to use correlations to study the psychological experience of teenagers who smoke cannabis. A recent article in the New York Times (June 23, 2022; Psychosis, Addiction, Chronic Vomiting: As Weed Becomes More Potent, Teens Are Getting Sick; https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/23/well/mind/teens-thc-cannabis.html) suggests that many teenagers are smoking high-potency cannabis – with THC levels over 90% – which may have long-term effects on brain and psychological functioning. We learned in class that these teenagers have not completed brain development. Myelination of the cortex, for example, may not be complete until years later. The New York Times article suggests that many teenagers are getting sick from weed, including chronic vomiting and perhaps permanent symptoms of psychosis. A recent report from the U.S. Surgeon General claims that cannabis can be detrimental to cognitive functions, such as short-term memory, and heighten anxiety and symptoms of psychosis, including paranoia:
U.S. Surgeon General’s Advisory: Marijuana Use and the Developing Brain
https://www.hhs.gov/surgeongeneral/reports-and-publications/addiction-and-substance-misuse/advisory-on-marijuana-use-and-developing-brain/index.html
From this evidence, we might hypothesize that there would be a strong relationship between levels of THC that teenagers are smoking and their performance on memory tests, symptoms of paranoia, and symptoms of anxiety. In particular, high-potency cannabis might be associated with poorer memory, more paranoia, and greater anxiety. The correlational method might be an appropriate technique for testing this hypothesis.
For Fun Paper #1, we want you to write a paper that evaluates the adequacy of the correlational method to study the effects of cannabis on teenagers. First, title your paper “Using the Correlational Method to Study Cannabis Use in the Adolescent Brain”. Next: FOLLOW EACH OF THE FOLLOWING FIVE INSTRUCTIONS EXACTLY (The following is a detailed outline on how you should write this paper):
Your paper should consist of five paragraphs corresponding to the 5 questions below. DO NOT write an outlined paper: it needs to be in essay format. Within each paragraph, please be clear on which letter you are answering by placing a bold letter in front of the sentences. If you are answering “1a” place a letter “a” before the sentence/s. (Here’s an example: The purpose of this paper is to use the correlational method to examine the relationship between functions of the left and right hemispheres. I will compare the performance of people with intact brains with the performance of so-called split-brain patients. In many ways, the brains of these two groups are very similar. 1 a. The location of the brainstem in the normal brain is…)
1. Begin the first paragraph of the paper with these sentences: “The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the correlational method as a means for examining the relationship between levels of THC in cannabis and various psychological functions in teenagers. I will compare the functioning of 20 students at a local high school who smoke cannabis daily. In many ways, the brains of adolescents are the most vulnerable to the adverse effects of smoking cannabis.”
a. Describe the trends in smoking cannabis among teenagers during the last few years, as reported in the New York Times article (4 pts).
b. What are some of the effects of cannabis use on the developing brain (https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/2781289)? (4 pts).
c. What is cannabis hyperemesis? Why is this syndrome associated with compulsive bathing (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054139X20305772)? (4 pts)
d. End the paragraph by completing this sentence: “In summary, recent scientific evidence suggests that adolescents are the most vulnerable to the adverse effects of smoking cannabis because ___” (4 pts).
2. Begin the next paragraph with this sentence: “Teenage use of high-potency cannabis may even lead to permanent psychiatric symptoms, including the development of psychotic symptoms.”
a. What is psychosis? What are some of the symptoms of psychosis? (4 pts)
b. Is there any evidence that high-potency cannabis is associated with psychotic symptoms (https://www.thelancet.com/article/S2215-0366(19)30048-3/fulltext)? Explain. (5 pts)
c. Is there any evidence that those who started using high-potency cannabis by age 15 years have a higher risk of a psychotic disorder? Explain. (3 pts)
3. Begin the next paragraph with these sentences: “Evidence also suggests that cannabis use can have effects on everyday cognitive functioning, such as short-term memory, and on symptoms of anxiety.” 3. Begin the next paragraph with these sentences: “Evidence also suggests that cannabis use can have effects on everyday cognitive functioning, such as short-term memory, and on symptoms of anxiety.”
a. What is the effect of cannabis on people’s short-term memory? What is the effect of cannabis on people’s symptoms of anxiety? In your view, is cannabis good or bad for treating anxiety? (6 pts)
b. State the hypothesis to be evaluated in your paper. (4 pts)
c. Describe how you will use the correlational method to evaluate the hypothesis. (5 pts)
4. At the bottom of this assignment are data from a group of 20 adolescents (ages 14-18) who use cannabis daily in various forms, including dabs and oils. For each participant, the THC levels in their cannabis was measured in a laboratory. They were then tested on three standardized psychological measures: (1) a test of short-term memory performance, (2) a survey measuring their state of anxiety, and (3) a measure of their paranoia symptoms. The table contains the participants’ scores on these measures, higher scores indicating better memory performance, greater state anxiety, and greater paranoia. In Lab #1 we used the following formula to calculate the correlation coefficient ;
The Formula: r = III/ (radical) I(II)
We broke this formula into three terms:
I= N (Sum X2) – (Sum X)2
II= N (Sum Y2) – (Sum Y)2
III= N (Sum of XY) – Sum X (Sum Y)
Begin the fourth paragraph with these sentences: “Data were collected from a group of 20 adolescents (ages 14-18) who use cannabis daily to test the hypothesis using the correlational method. Each group completed three standardized psychological measures: (1) a short-term memory performance test, (2) a survey measuring their state of anxiety, and (3) a measure of their paranoia symptoms.”
a. State your predictions about the pattern of correlations among THC potency and the three measures if the hypothesis under investigation is correct. (7 pts)
b. Figure 1 below presents a scatterplot of the variables THC and anxiety. What is a scatterplot? What does Figure 1 depict as the relationship between THC and anxiety in this study? (4 pts)
c. Use the formula to compute the correlation coefficient between THC and each of the three psychological measures. Also, compute the correlation coefficient between memory and anxiety (N.B. That’s 4 correlation coefficients in total). For each coefficient, state the computed value of each of the four terms of the formula (i.e., r, I, II, and III). (6 pts)
5. Begin the final paragraph with these sentences: “The results of the correlational method were valuable in addressing the hypothesis under study. However, several of the findings require future consideration.”
a. Restate the hypothesis under study. Are the results of the correlational analysis consistent with the hypothesis? Why or why not? (4 pts)
b. Give an explanation for the relationship found in Figure 1. Give an explanation for the relationship found between memory and anxiety. (6 pts)
c. Describe a feature of the study that could be improved if you were to repeat it. (3 pts)
d. Can correlational studies be used to evaluate hypotheses or should we only use experiments instead? Defend your answer. (4 pts)
e. Make a general conclusion from the results about the effects of substance use on the developing brain. (3 pts)
A fifth of your grade will be based on the following:
a. Clarity of thesis development (4 pts)
b. Clarity of paper’s structure and organization (4 pts)
c. Thoroughness in development of evidence (4 pts)
d. Good mechanics (grammar, punctuation, usage) and style of writing (4 pts)
e. Competence in quantitative reasoning and analysis of research findings (4 pts)
****Quoted, paraphrased, or borrowed sentences or phrases are not allowed. These will be regarded as plagiarism, which will be penalized by a zero on the assignment and a report filed with the Office of the Academic Integrity Official. The paper should not exceed 4 pages. ***

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

Step-by-Step Guide to Structuring Your Paper

1. Introduction (First Paragraph)
   • Start with the required opening sentence.
   • Introduce the topic of adolescent cannabis use.
   • Define key terms (e.g., correlational method, THC potency).
   • Provide a thesis statement outlining the purpose of the paper.
2. Effects of Cannabis on Adolescents (Second Paragraph)
   • Discuss trends in teenage cannabis use.
   • Explain the impact of cannabis on brain development.
   • Define and describe cannabis hyperemesis syndrome.
   • Summarize the scientific evidence.
3. Psychosis and Cannabis Use (Third Paragraph)
   • Define psychosis and its symptoms.
   • Present research linking high-potency cannabis to psychotic symptoms.
   • Explain how early cannabis use increases psychosis risk.
4. Cognitive Function and Anxiety (Fourth Paragraph)
   • Explain the effects of cannabis on short-term memory and anxiety.
   • Clearly state the hypothesis of the study.
   • Describe how the correlational method will be used.
5. Data Analysis and Results (Fifth Paragraph)
   • Describe the study participants and measures used.
   • State expected correlations if the hypothesis is correct.
   • Explain scatterplots and describe key findings.
   • Calculate and interpret the correlation coefficients.
6. Conclusion (Final Paragraph)
   • Restate the hypothesis and discuss results.
   • Explain key relationships observed in the data.
   • Suggest improvements for future research.
   • Discuss whether correlation is sufficient or if experimental methods are needed.
   • Summarize the broader implications of the study.
7. Formatting and Citation Tips
   • Follow APA format for in-text citations and references.
   • Use clear headings and bold letters for clarity.
   • Avoid plagiarism by paraphrasing and properly citing sources.
   • Keep the paper within the required page limit.

By following this structured approach, you can effectively develop a well-organized, research-supported paper on the correlational study of cannabis use in adolescents.

Cover Page, running header, page numbers, citations in body and separate reference page.
1. Review of Nature Vs. Nurture. Define each side and explore history of nature vs. nurture. Has belief and understanding shifted over time?
2. Explore what influences nature vs. Nurture. How do these factors influence both nature and Nurture in development.
3. Complete analysis of your own development in regard to nature vs. Nurture. Are you more influenced by nature or Nurture? (I was more influenced by Nurture. I was loved and always nurtured and taught to rise above any situation or environment.)
4. How do you think nature vs. nurture influenced us as adults. Do you believe one’s vulgar behavior is nature or nurture.

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

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Step 1: Understand the Assignment Requirements

This paper explores the nature vs. nurture debate by defining each side, analyzing historical perspectives, examining influencing factors, and providing a personal reflection.
APA format (cover page, running header, page numbers, in-text citations, and a reference page).
Personal analysis of whether you were more influenced by nature or nurture.
Discussion on adult behaviors and whether they stem from genetics or environment.

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Step 2: Organize Your Paper Using the Required Structure

1. Cover Page (Separate Page – Not Counted in Page Limit)

• Title of Paper
• Your Name
• Course Name & Number
• Instructor’s Name
• Due Date

Running Header: Add a shortened title in uppercase and align it to the left (e.g., “NATURE VS. NURTURE”).

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2. Introduction (Start Page Numbering at 1)

• Define nature vs. nurture and explain why this debate is significant in psychology and human development.
• Provide a brief overview of the paper’s structure (what each section will cover).

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3. Review of Nature vs. Nurture (2-3 Pages)

• Define nature (biological/genetic influences) and nurture (environmental, social, and cultural influences).
• Provide a historical overview of the debate, including early theories (e.g., John Locke’s “Tabula Rasa” vs. Darwin’s evolutionary psychology).
• Discuss how scientific understanding has shifted over time, incorporating research from genetics, psychology, and sociology.

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4. Influences on Nature vs. Nurture (2-3 Pages)

• Biological Factors: Genetic inheritance, brain chemistry, hereditary traits.
• Environmental Factors: Parenting, education, socioeconomic status, culture, and experiences.
• Interaction Between Both: How epigenetics suggests that genes and environment work together in shaping personality and behavior.

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5. Personal Analysis: My Own Development (2 Pages)

• Since you were more influenced by nurture, describe how:
  • Parental love, guidance, and support shaped your character.
  • Social environment (family, school, friends) influenced your decisions and resilience.
  • Overcoming challenges through learned behaviors rather than genetic predisposition.
• Reflect on whether there were any aspects of nature that still played a role in your development.

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6. Nature vs. Nurture in Adulthood & Behavior (2-3 Pages)

• Discuss how nature and nurture influence adult personality traits, career choices, relationships, and habits.
• Analyze whether vulgar or aggressive behavior is due to genetics (nature) or upbringing and environment (nurture).
• Support your argument with psychological theories and real-world examples.

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7. Conclusion (½ – 1 Page)

• Summarize the key points from your analysis.
• Reflect on how nature and nurture are interconnected rather than mutually exclusive.
• Offer final thoughts on how this debate continues to impact psychology and human development studies.

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8. References (Separate Page – Not Counted in Page Limit)

• Use APA citation format to list all sources.
• Ensure that all in-text citations have corresponding references.

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Final Tips Before Submission:

Follow APA formatting (12-pt Times New Roman, double-spaced, 1-inch margins).
Include running headers and page numbers on each page.
Use credible academic sources (peer-reviewed journals, psychology textbooks).
Proofread for grammar, clarity, and organization.

By structuring your paper this way, you’ll create a well-researched, analytical, and insightful discussion on the nature vs. nurture debate!

Linear historical overview with 15 pages of it being literature review :
Including: just some of the things that need to be included:
1973 Stockholm syndrome coined and the case
Before how stockholm existed from beginning of time to recent :
Victimization and how it is viewed today
Patty hearst case
Recent cases of Stockholm syndrome

Introduction Stockholm Syndrome is a psychological phenomenon in which hostages or victims develop an emotional bond with their captors. The term was coined in 1973 following a bank robbery in Stockholm, Sweden, where hostages displayed empathy and affection toward their captors. This paper presents a historical overview of Stockholm Syndrome, tracing its conceptual origins, notable cases, and its role in understanding victimization in modern society. A comprehensive literature review will analyze existing research on the syndrome, its psychological underpinnings, and its contemporary relevance.

Historical Background of Stockholm Syndrome

• Origins and Conceptualization (Pre-1973)
  • Cases of captives sympathizing with captors date back to ancient history.
  • Psychological responses to captivity in war, slavery, and domestic abuse.
  • Early sociological and psychological theories related to trauma bonding.
• 1973: The Norrmalmstorg Bank Robbery
  • Overview of the event and how the term “Stockholm Syndrome” was coined.
  • The psychological mechanisms behind the hostages’ attachment.
  • Initial scholarly interpretations of the phenomenon.

Literature Review (15 pages)

• Understanding Trauma Bonding and Stockholm Syndrome
  • Definition and psychological framework.
  • Evolution of theories explaining victim-captor bonding.
  • Neurological and psychological factors involved.
• Classic and Notable Cases of Stockholm Syndrome
  • Patty Hearst Case (1974)
    • Background and kidnapping by the Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA).
    • Transformation from victim to participant.
    • Legal and psychological analysis.
  • Other Historical and Recent Cases
    • Jaycee Dugard (1991 kidnapping and long-term captivity).
    • Elizabeth Smart case (2002 abduction and psychological survival mechanisms).
    • Modern cases involving cults and extremist groups.
• Victimization and Psychological Impact
  • How victimization is perceived in different cultural and legal frameworks.
  • The role of power dynamics in trauma bonding.
  • Coping mechanisms and recovery for survivors.
• Criticism and Alternative Explanations
  • Debate on whether Stockholm Syndrome is a distinct psychological condition.
  • Intersection with PTSD and other trauma responses.
  • Sociocultural factors influencing responses to captivity.

Stockholm Syndrome in Contemporary Society

• How Victimization Is Viewed Today
  • Media portrayal and public perception of Stockholm Syndrome.
  • Legal implications in court cases.
  • Implications for law enforcement and hostage negotiation strategies.
• Recent Studies and Future Research Directions
  • Latest research in psychology and neuroscience.
  • The impact of digital environments on trauma bonding.
  • Potential for intervention and rehabilitation programs.

Conclusion Stockholm Syndrome remains a significant subject of psychological and sociological inquiry. While it is often misunderstood by the general public, the phenomenon provides crucial insights into trauma, victimization, and resilience. Continued research is essential for better understanding and supporting affected individuals.

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

Step 1: Understand the Assignment Requirements

• Your paper must provide a historical overview of Stockholm Syndrome.
• At least 15 pages should focus on the literature review.
• Include historical cases, victimization theories, and modern perspectives.

Step 2: Structure Your Paper

1. Title Page (APA Format)
2. Abstract (1 Page)
   • Summarize the key points of your paper.
3. Introduction (1-2 Pages)
   • Briefly introduce Stockholm Syndrome.
   • State the significance of the topic and research question.
4. Historical Overview (3-4 Pages)
   • Discuss early examples of captor-victim bonding.
   • Detail the 1973 bank robbery case and its implications.
5. Literature Review (15 Pages)
   • Analyze key studies on trauma bonding.
   • Compare different psychological perspectives.
   • Discuss case studies, including Patty Hearst and modern examples.
6. Modern Implications (2-3 Pages)
   • Examine how Stockholm Syndrome is perceived today.
   • Discuss recent legal and psychological developments.
7. Conclusion (1 Page)
   • Summarize findings and suggest areas for future research.
8. References (APA Format)
   • Cite all scholarly sources used.

Step 3: Research and Gather Sources

• Use academic journals, books, and case studies.
• Ensure your sources are peer-reviewed and credible.
• Consider psychological, sociological, and legal perspectives.

Step 4: Writing Your Paper

• Start with a strong introduction that provides context.
• Use clear headings and subheadings for each section.
• Support your points with scholarly evidence.
• Properly format citations in APA style.

Step 5: Proofreading and Editing

• Check for clarity, coherence, and logical flow.
• Verify APA formatting and citation accuracy.
• Ensure the literature review is comprehensive and well-integrated.

By following this structured approach, you will develop a well-researched and organized paper on Stockholm Syndrome. Happy writing!

 

Instructions:
This is an open book, non-proctored, and non-timed examination. Material covered in this examination comes from your reading assignments for the first four weeks of this class. You must make connections to and properly cite the textbook in each of your answers.
Answers must be paraphrased (restated in your own words with no quoting permitted), properly APA format source credited – including within-answer citations and a list of references included at the end of each answer – and at least 600 words each, not counting source citations and references. Answers should be succinct, thorough, articulated in well-organized paragraphs (lists, sentence fragments and bulleted items are not permitted), and more substantive than just definitions of terms, procedures, or issues.
To complete this exam, save a copy of the attached file on your hard drive, construct your answers below each question on a separate page per question, attach a cover page to the front and a reference list to the end (references must also be placed at the end of each question for which they were used) and attach it under the Midterm Exam assignment tab.
NOTE: Answers copy/pasted into a student comments box in the assignment tab cannot be graded; a Word document or Rich-Text File formatted as instructed above must be uploaded.
The deadline for submitting this exam is Sunday at 11:55 pm Eastern Time, the end of WEEK 4 of the course.
Questions:
1. Explain, in terms a layperson could understand, the neurobiology of drug tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal.
2. Choose one of the following areas and broadly recount its socio-historical path:
a. Models of substance use
b. Substance abuse treatments
c. The social/self-help movements
d. Treatment and prevention efforts
3. In considering both psychological evaluations and laboratory assessments of substance use disorders, discuss the factors which you consider to be most pressing in determining which type(s) of assessment(s) to administer – those factors may be related to the client, to the substance being used, and/or to the assessment tools themselves.
4. Characterize the three specific factors you believe are most important for a basic understanding of each of the following substances of abuse. Be sure to justify your choices using only about 100 words for each:
a. Alcohol
l
b. Nicotine
c. Opioids
d. Cannabis
e. Hallucinogens & Inhalants
f. Stimulants
g. Cocaine
h. Sedatives/Hypnotics & Benzodiazepines
5. Choose one of the following questions:
a. Based on your reading and understanding of the traditional substance use disorders thus far, argue either for or against considering the “behavioral” addictions like pathological gambling to be “addictive” disorders.
b. Discuss some of the primary clinical challenges of managing pain and addiction in a clinical population.

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

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Step-by-Step Guide to Completing Your Midterm Exam

1. Understanding the Requirements

The exam requires you to:

• Paraphrase each answer (no quoting).
• Properly cite the textbook in APA format within your answers.
• Write at least 600 words per answer (not counting citations).
• Organize answers in well-structured paragraphs with clear, thorough explanations.
• Submit a Word document or Rich Text File with a cover page, your answers, and a reference list at the end of each question.

You have multiple questions to answer, so let’s break it down step by step for each one.

2. Step 1: Choose Your Topics

There are five questions in total, including sub-questions. You’ll need to pick one of the sub-questions under Question 2 (a-d) and one of the questions under Question 5 (a-b).

For example, let’s assume you pick:

• Question 1: Neurobiology of drug tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal
• Question 2a: Models of substance use (socio-historical path)
• Question 5a: Argument for or against considering behavioral addictions as addictive disorders

Let me know if you want to proceed with this or if you’d like to select different questions.

3. Step 2: Topic Confirmation

Once you’ve decided on the questions you’ll answer, please confirm the questions with me, and I will assist you with the next steps.

4. Step 3: Write an Abstract (for each question)

Once the topics are confirmed, I’ll help you create brief abstracts for each question. These abstracts will summarize the key points you plan to address in each answer.

5. Step 4: Outline for Research

I will help you create an outline for each answer, making sure it includes:

• Key points to address.
• Proper sources (textbook, research articles).
• Structure for each response (introduction, body paragraphs, conclusion).

6. Step 5: Writing the Answers

After confirming the topics, we’ll begin writing the answers in well-organized paragraphs, paraphrasing all information, and citing sources appropriately.

• Remember, each answer should be at least 600 words, including citations.

7. Step 6: Proofread and Finalize

Before submission:

• Proofread the exam for clarity and grammar.
• Ensure all citations are in APA format.
• Ensure that the answers are comprehensive and well-explained.

8. Step 7: Upload Your Exam

Once the exam is finalized, you’ll upload it as a Word document or Rich Text File with:

• A cover page (title of the exam, your name, course details).
• Answers to each question on separate pages, ensuring each is paraphrased and properly cited.
• A reference list in APA format at the end of each question.

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Let me know your choice of questions, and we’ll proceed with the next steps!

Review resources and provide a report on factors associated with positive mental health and problematic mental health in adolescents/emerging adults.
This paper has two parts. For each part, identify, explain, and discuss four factors from the list below that apply to mental health in adolescents. Use any of the four factors for Part 1. Use a different set of four factors for Part 2. Example – if you research and explain how parents (parenting style, employment, etc.), peers (bullying, peer pressure, etc.), schools (poor resources, over crowding, etc.), and poverty are associated with mental health problems for Part 1, you cannot use any of those factors in Part 2.
Include at least five sources in Part 1 and at least five sources in Part 2. Your textbook and the research articles from the modules should be your primary sources of information. You may also use the internet projects, writing assignments and discussion board posts from this semester, be sure to cite your sources of information.
FACTORS: Parents, peers, schools, socioeconomic status, poverty, gender, race/ethnicity, educational programs, social media, genetics, sexual orientation, and/or identity development.
Part 1: Discuss four factors from the list associated with mental health problems in adolescents (for example depression, suicide, eating disorders). Include at least 5 sources in this section. (500 words minimum, 20 points)
Part 2: Discuss four factors from the list associated with positive mental health in adolescents. Include at least 5 sources in this section. (500 words minimum, 20 points)
Be sure to use your own words. This term paper is subject to a plagiarism review.

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

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Step-by-Step Guide on Writing Your Paper

1. Understanding the Assignment Requirements

This assignment asks you to explore the factors that contribute to both mental health problems and positive mental health in adolescents and emerging adults. The paper is divided into two parts:

• Part 1: Discuss four factors that are associated with mental health problems in adolescents.
• Part 2: Discuss four factors that are associated with positive mental health in adolescents.

You must use a different set of four factors for each part. The provided list of factors includes: Parents, peers, schools, socioeconomic status, poverty, gender, race/ethnicity, educational programs, social media, genetics, sexual orientation, and identity development.

Your paper should be well-researched, and you must include at least five sources for each part.

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2. Researching the Factors for Part 1: Mental Health Problems

To begin, focus on four factors that contribute to mental health problems in adolescents. Possible factors include:

• Parents: Parenting styles, family dynamics, and parental involvement can play significant roles in adolescent mental health.
• Peers: Peer pressure, bullying, and social exclusion can lead to problems like depression, anxiety, or eating disorders.
• Schools: Lack of resources, bullying in schools, or academic pressure can increase stress and negatively affect mental health.
• Socioeconomic Status: Low socioeconomic status can limit access to mental health services, increase stress, and contribute to depression and anxiety.

Once you’ve selected your factors, research the role each of them plays in adolescent mental health. Use the following steps:

• Identify the factor: Clearly explain the factor you’re discussing. For instance, if you choose “peers,” explain how peer interactions influence adolescent mental health.
• Discuss the impact: Explore the link between this factor and mental health problems. For example, how peer bullying is linked to depression or suicide.
• Provide research-based evidence: Use at least five sources (such as your textbook, research articles, or module materials) to support your points. Reference studies, surveys, or articles that demonstrate the effect of this factor on adolescents.

For example:

• Peers: Adolescents who experience peer bullying or feel pressured by social groups may develop anxiety, depression, or eating disorders.

3. Writing Part 1

Now, start drafting the section based on your research. Your paper should cover the following:

• Introduction to Part 1: Briefly introduce what you’re discussing (factors contributing to mental health problems in adolescents).
• Explanation of Each Factor: For each of the four factors, explain how it negatively affects mental health. Provide specific examples or studies.
• Supporting Sources: Make sure to integrate research into your discussion. For each factor, refer to at least one source that supports your argument.
• Conclusion for Part 1: Summarize the key points discussed and transition smoothly into Part 2.

4. Researching the Factors for Part 2: Positive Mental Health

Now, shift your focus to four different factors that contribute to positive mental health in adolescents. Some potential factors include:

• Educational Programs: Access to mental health education and prevention programs can promote well-being and stress management.
• Social Media: When used positively, social media can offer adolescents support networks, community engagement, and opportunities for expression.
• Gender: Gender identity and societal acceptance of diverse gender expressions can contribute to a sense of belonging and positive mental health.
• Identity Development: A well-developed sense of self and identity can be linked to positive mental health outcomes.

Again, follow similar steps as in Part 1:

• Identify the factor: Clearly explain the factor you’re discussing (for example, how educational programs can support mental health).
• Discuss the impact: Explain how this factor contributes to positive mental health. For instance, how access to mental health programs can prevent mental health issues.
• Provide research-based evidence: Cite at least five sources that support your claims. Look for articles, studies, or books that demonstrate the positive effect of the chosen factors.

For example:

• Educational Programs: Adolescents who participate in mental health education programs are often more equipped to manage stress and are less likely to develop depression.

5. Writing Part 2

For Part 2, use the following structure:

• Introduction to Part 2: Introduce the concept of positive mental health in adolescents and explain the importance of focusing on these factors.
• Explanation of Each Factor: For each of the four factors, explain how it supports positive mental health. Use studies and sources to back your points.
• Supporting Sources: As in Part 1, integrate at least one source for each factor you discuss.
• Conclusion for Part 2: Summarize the positive factors and their impact on adolescent well-being.

6. Structuring the Paper

Your paper should have the following overall structure:

• Introduction: Briefly introduce the topic of mental health in adolescents and emerging adults.
• Part 1 (Mental Health Problems): Discuss four factors that contribute to mental health problems, supported by five sources.
• Part 2 (Positive Mental Health): Discuss four factors that contribute to positive mental health, supported by five sources.
• Conclusion: Summarize your findings, highlighting how both risk factors and protective factors shape adolescent mental health.

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7. Citing Your Sources

Use proper citations for each source you reference in your paper. Depending on your instructor’s preference, you may need to follow a specific citation style (e.g., APA, MLA). Ensure that every source mentioned in your paper is properly cited in both the text and your bibliography.

8. Proofreading and Submitting

Before submitting your paper, proofread it carefully for any spelling, grammar, or structural errors. Make sure your arguments are clear, well-supported by research, and logically organized.

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By following this guide, you will be able to write a comprehensive, well-researched report on factors associated with both mental health problems and positive mental health in adolescents. Good luck with your assignment!

This assignment supports your expression of knowledge, targeting the basic concepts, theories, and techniques discussed in the course. Presented below is a case study. For this assignment you will develop and present your analysis. Your analysis will include: early thoughts on diagnosis, an accounting of the key symptoms presented, an acknowledgment of the client’s strengths and areas for growth, and potential treatment goals for the client. You will conclude the intake analysis by discussing areas to explore with the client at the next visit.
Client: Carl
Carl is a 37-year-old male who, during his intake visit, communicates he is experiencing a variety of life stressors. As you take notes, the following list is recorded:
change in weight, an increase of 25 pounds
trouble sleeping, primarily interrupted sleep and occasional sleeplessness
low energy
varied eating – periods of not feeling hungry followed by increased eating
irritability and moodiness
anxiety
decreased sexual desire
self-esteem – decreasing
feelings of guilty – economic challenges have resulted in significant income losses
Carl has been married to his partner for eleven years. The marriage has experienced challenges, but is relatively happy and intact. Carl’s partner is an entrepreneur with many irons in the fire, and whose drive contributes to the business’s success and a healthy income ($185,000). Like Carl, his partner must reinvest the majority of their income back into their business ventures. Recent economic shifts have put pressure on the couple’s shrinking savings and investments, and on the upper-middle income lifestyle the two have become accustomed (buying and engaging in desired activities without much worry).
Carl holds a master’s degree from University of Virginia, Darden School of Business. He pursued and obtained his MBA with the goal of establishing his own business. He has a receptionist who works remotely from home on an hourly basis, and one full-time employee. Carl recently made the move from the home office, shared with his partner, to a new office space that has room for his employees. The office is well sized, and includes a conference space where clients can meet. His client list has expanded, but Carl is experiencing difficulties getting clients to pay within the 45-day billing period specified when invoiced for services rendered. As a result, Carl is often forced to pay his contracted account a service fee to prompt clients for payment.
Carl pays the accountant’s fee because he requires a steady cash flow to pay his employees, pay bills, and meet family responsibilities. The health insurance premium he pays for his family is high (over $1400 per month) due to a pre-existing health condition (his partner has a chronic condition). Additionally, he pays the health insurance premium for his full-time employee. Carl’s partner willingly, and lovingly, paid the family healthcare premium on their plan for over two years at a monthly cost of $1,700.
Carl took over the healthcare premium four years ago, as he felt that his partner had carried that monthly burden alone while he built up his client base. His partner also covered expenses Carl was not able to pay while he attended graduate school and established his business. During the intake visit, Carl shares that he could not have pursued his business endeavors without his partner’s support (financial and otherwise). He believes that this has created tension in his relationship with his partner, particularly during the current economic downturn.
Carl and his partner have three children, ages 2, 5, and 8. All are healthy, intelligent, fun-loving, and well-mannered, per his reporting. At the time of his visit, Carl has no concerns regarding the little ones. His partner works doggedly to contribute to the finances and to attend to the children. While Carl works most days from 7 a.m. to all hours of the evening, his partner “does it all,” making $185,000 and being a stay-at-home parent.
Carl feels that his partner’s deteriorating physical well-being is the result of this effort to do it all – being there for him and the children. While his partner does not express dissatisfaction, Carl feels (in his words, “understands”) that his partner must feel resentment toward him for the non-stop, around the clock, work he must dedicate to his business. As the funds in their savings has shrunk, Carl feels his personal state has deteriorated, physically, emotionally, professionally, and personally.
Carl concludes his intake visit expressing he needs help. He needs help regaining control in his life. He wants your help to develop a strategy for reversing this downward spiral.
Your Task:
Review Carl’s case and give a preliminary diagnosis using the knowledge gained in this course. Relevant diagnostic criteria can be found in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10 link), and the Study Guide to DSM-5. You may find useful, as a supplement, the sequential presentation of disorders found in Lumen Learning Abnormal Psychology, https://courses.lumenlearning.com/abnormalpsychology/ . (Caveat – the Lumen Learning resource uses DSM-IV-TR criteria with DSM-V revision summaries. Updates and changes within the DSM-V discussed in this course should be taken into consideration, should they apply.)
Answering the following six items, provide evidence of your logic for each decision. Reinforce responses with scholarly resources and appropriate detailing. Discuss how and why your arrived at conclusions drawn. See rubric for depth and detail expectations.
Develop your analysis in an organized, well-developed 5 to 7-page paper.
Required Items to be Addressed (scored):
Based upon this intake visit, what diagnosis do you think is most appropriate for Carl? Be mindful, this is your first session. Information is limited to the data collected in this first visit. (12.5 points)
What are the principal symptoms contributing to the diagnosis proposed? Clearly explain, providing details. (12.5 points)
Discuss Carl’s strengths. These will facilitate constructive work with him. (10 points)
Delineate Carl’s opportunities for growth and/or improvement. (10 points)
Looking to the next visit and beyond, what is your preliminary sketch of the treatment goals you have for Carl? Why do you identify these goals as appropriate for Carl? (10 points)
What will you explore with Carl in future visits (e.g., interpersonal, aspirations)? Present rational. Why do you want to this information? (10 point)
Communications (scored): Writing mechanics (i.e., spelling, grammar, organization) (5 points); APA Style (5 points). In-text and reference list citations need to be in APA style formatting. Paper should be written applying APA style; this includes title page, heading, citations, reference page, and paper formatting (1-inch margins, double-spaced, 12-point font, etc.). An abstract is not required.
Apply sound writing mechanics: write with clarity, paying attention to spelling, grammar, and syntax.
Submit completed document by assigned due date.
Your final paper should be approximately 5 to 7-pages (excluding title page and reference page):
Title page (do not count page towards paper length requirement)
Body of paper (5 to 7 pages)
Reference page (do not count page towards paper length requirement)

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

Step 1: Understand the Purpose of the Case Study Analysis

This assignment requires a structured intake analysis of Carl’s case, including diagnosis, symptoms, strengths, areas for growth, treatment goals, and future exploration topics. You will apply your knowledge of abnormal psychology and diagnostic criteria (DSM-5, ICD-10) while maintaining a professional and evidence-based approach.

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Step 2: Read the Case Carefully and Take Notes

• Identify key psychological symptoms Carl is presenting.
• Analyze stressors and external factors contributing to his mental health.
• Take note of Carl’s strengths and opportunities for improvement to inform your treatment strategy.

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Step 3: Structure Your Paper Properly

Your paper should be organized according to the required six sections. Follow APA formatting (12-pt Times New Roman, double-spaced, 1-inch margins).

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Paper Structure

1. Introduction (1 Paragraph)

• Provide a brief overview of Carl’s case and the purpose of your analysis.
• Mention the importance of an intake assessment in clinical psychology.
• End with a thesis statement outlining the structure of your paper.

2. Preliminary Diagnosis (1-2 Pages)

• Identify one or more possible mental health disorders based on DSM-5 and ICD-10 criteria.
• Explain why this diagnosis is appropriate, citing Carl’s reported symptoms.
• Support your diagnosis with scholarly sources and clinical reasoning.

3. Principal Symptoms Contributing to Diagnosis (1 Page)

• Discuss each major symptom Carl is experiencing and how it aligns with the chosen diagnosis.
• Address physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms.
• Provide examples from Carl’s case to illustrate each symptom.

4. Carl’s Strengths (1 Page)

• Identify positive attributes that will aid Carl’s recovery (e.g., education, strong work ethic, supportive partner).
• Explain how these strengths can be leveraged in therapy.

5. Opportunities for Growth (1 Page)

• Discuss challenges Carl faces that require improvement.
• Explore behavioral, emotional, and professional aspects.
• Explain how these areas impact his mental well-being and overall stability.

6. Treatment Goals (1 Page)

• List SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound) treatment goals.
• Justify each goal based on Carl’s symptoms and circumstances.
• Discuss therapeutic approaches (CBT, mindfulness, lifestyle adjustments, etc.).

7. Future Areas of Exploration (1 Page)

• Identify additional aspects to explore in upcoming therapy sessions (e.g., relationship dynamics, financial stress, coping mechanisms).
• Explain how gaining insight into these areas will enhance Carl’s treatment plan.

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Step 4: Review and Format Properly

Apply APA Style (title page, headings, in-text citations, reference page).
Check Grammar & Clarity (proofread your paper carefully).
Stay within 5-7 pages (excluding title and reference pages).

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Final Submission Checklist

Title page (APA format)
Well-structured body (5-7 pages, following the six required sections)
Reference page (APA citations, scholarly sources included)
Clear, professional writing with proper grammar and mechanics

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This structured approach ensures that your analysis is thorough, well-organized, and meets academic standards. Let me know if you need further assistance!

please follow the instruction carefully …….
Turnitin report
This assignment is an opportunity to consolidate your knowledge and devise a way to convey your learning experiences to others.
Through this assessment you will be demonstrating you have understood the course overall, making connections between the foundational underpinnings made early in the course, the content explored throughout, and the relevance to your studies in psychology.
You will submit your work equivalent of 1800 words. Please share your knowledge from the course and experiences learning about Aboriginal Australians and Psychology, along with key references.
Scenario:
You are a member of the Australian Psychological Society (APS) and have been asked to develop a short presentation as part of a training workshop session for members to demonstrate why psychologists need to develop knowledge, values and skills to work effectively with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples and Communities.
Your essay is part of a peer learning session designed to share experiences with other professionals who are learning in this area. Peer learning perspectives are used in training and development as they are demonstrated as effective to new learners and is very much a part of the ways that discipline and professional knowledge evolves.
Your submission for this assessment should reflect an answer to the question of why psychologists need to develop knowledge, values and skills to work effectively with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples and Communities. However, you should incorporate your learning experience from the course and the key aspects you would highlight to other people training in this area. The more course learning experiences you can demonstrate, the more we can assess you against the criteria for this assignment.
Reading:
Chapter 1-6: https://www.telethonkids.org.au/globalassets/media/documents/aboriginal-health/working-together-second-edition/working-together-aboriginal-and-wellbeing-2014.pdf
https://healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/healthinfonet/getContent.php?linkid=640722&title=Overview+of+Aboriginal+and+Torres+Strait+Islander+health+status+2019&contentid=39498_1
https://psychology.org.au/publications/inpsych/2013/august/augoustinos
https://nationalseedproject.org/Key-SEED-Texts/white-privilege-unpacking-the-invisible-knapsack
https://humanrights.gov.au/sites/default/files/content/pdf/social_justice/bringing_them_home_report.pdf
https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/education/bringing-them-home-community-guide-2007-update

https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/australias-health/social-determinants-and-indigenous-health

https://www.anu.edu.au/news/all-news/three-in-four-people-hold-negative-view-of-indigenous-people
https://www.psychology.org.au/getmedia/dece6e26-f3a9-4b1a-bc55-3abdab03293d/APS-Black-Lives-Matter-position-statement-Psychologists-take-a-stand-against-racism_1.pdf
https://www.telethonkids.org.au/globalassets/media/documents/aboriginal-health/working-together-second-edition/wt-part-1-chapt-4-final.pdf

This assignment is about showing your learning, your understanding and your comprehension of these core weeks in the course. This means you can write in both first and third person. This means that you can write from your perspective and use the word “I”, however, you must also draw upon references that inform your learning.
For example; “I had heard about whiteness before yet couldn’t define it in my own context. The self-assessment activity enabled me to see it in my day to day (McIntosh, 1990; Tannoch-Bland, 1993) and the links to institutional racism became clear”.
To build on this example with another tip, you could then go on to define institutional racism and cite a source. If you cite a number of sources about institutional racism this would enhance your scores against the criteria.

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

Writing this assignment requires integrating your course learning experiences, personal reflections, and scholarly references. Follow this step-by-step guide to structure your essay effectively:

Step 1: Introduction (200-250 words)

• Start by introducing the importance of cultural competence in psychology.
• Briefly explain the historical context of Indigenous mental health (e.g., Stolen Generations, intergenerational trauma).
• Clearly state your thesis: Why psychologists need to develop knowledge, values, and skills to work effectively with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples.

Step 2: Knowledge – Understanding Historical & Social Contexts (500-600 words)

• Discuss the impact of colonization, discrimination, and historical trauma on Indigenous mental health.
• Reference Bringing Them Home Report (1997) and how past policies have contributed to psychological distress.
• Define key concepts such as institutional racism, intergenerational trauma, and social determinants of health (AIHW, 2020).
• Reflect on your learning: How has this knowledge shaped your understanding of Indigenous mental health?

Step 3: Values – Cultural Safety & Ethical Practice (500-600 words)

• Explain the importance of cultural safety in psychology (Working Together, 2014).
• Discuss white privilege and unconscious bias (McIntosh, 1988).
• Reflect on personal insights: How has learning about privilege and bias influenced your perspective?
• Use the APS Code of Ethics to highlight ethical responsibilities when working with Indigenous clients.

Step 4: Skills – Practical Strategies for Effective Engagement (400-500 words)

• Discuss trauma-informed care, community-led approaches, and strengths-based practice.
• Highlight the importance of yarning circles and two-way learning approaches (Psychology.org.au, 2013).
• Reflect on what skills you have developed or need to develop to work effectively in this space.

Step 5: Conclusion (200-250 words)

• Summarize the key points covered.
• Reiterate why psychologists must develop knowledge, values, and skills to provide culturally competent mental health care.
• Reflect on how this learning experience has shaped your understanding of psychology and its role in Indigenous well-being.

Step 6: References (APA Format)

• Include all cited sources in APA style.
• Ensure references are drawn from course readings, reports, and scholarly articles.

By following this structured approach, you will be able to craft a well-supported and insightful essay that demonstrates both your learning and its application in psychology. Start early and engage deeply with the materials to strengthen your analysis!

This is a class lecture from Experimental Psychology covering research methods, including experiments and causation.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tA0FoxYiDbw (Links to an external site.)
This You Tube video also reviews cause and effect. Watch this and read the pdf.
As you may recall from Experimental Psychology (watch the Module 3 Videos for a refresher), in order to show that one thing causes another (a “true experiment”), you have to actively manipulate the independent variable (the cause), neutralize confounding variables (other things that might have the same affect as the IV), and then see the effect on the dependent variable.
For this Module 3 DQ, bring us a true experiment that showed cause and effect. You can use any resource you want – the Touro online library might help, or you may already know of a good experiment. You should provide a copy with your answer (e.g. attach a PDF or link to a website). In any case, describe the research in enough detail to explain how they demonstrated cause and effect.
Make up a true experiment that shows cause and effect. It doesn’t need to be fancy/complex, what I’m looking for is that you can design an experiment that reasonably shows that one thing causes another. Be sure to identify and explain your independent variable (IV), dependent variable (DV), a potential confounding variable (CV), and give your research and null hypotheses.

 

Experimental Psychology: Designing a True Experiment to Demonstrate Causation

Understanding true experiments is fundamental in experimental psychology. A true experiment requires:

1. Manipulation of the Independent Variable (IV)
2. Control of Confounding Variables (CVs)
3. Measurement of the Dependent Variable (DV)

For this discussion, you are required to:

1. Find and describe a real experiment that demonstrates causation (attach a PDF or link).
2. Design your own experiment to show a cause-and-effect relationship, including IV, DV, CVs, and hypotheses.

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Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

Step 1: Find a True Experiment and Explain It

• Search for a psychology experiment that manipulates an IV and measures its effect on a DV.
• Summarize the study:
  • What was the IV? (What did researchers manipulate?)
  • What was the DV? (What did they measure?)
  • How did they control for confounding variables?
  • What was the conclusion? (How did they show cause and effect?)
• Provide a source (PDF, website link, or reference).

Step 2: Design Your Own True Experiment

Follow this structure to ensure a well-organized response:

1. Title of Your Experiment

   • Example: The Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Test Performance

2. Introduction & Research Question

   • Briefly explain the purpose of your experiment.
   • Example: Does reduced sleep cause lower test scores in college students?

3. Hypotheses

   • Research Hypothesis (H1): Students who get only 4 hours of sleep will score lower on a math test than those who get 8 hours of sleep.
   • Null Hypothesis (H0): There will be no difference in test scores between students who get 4 hours of sleep and those who get 8 hours of sleep.

4. Independent Variable (IV)

   • The cause you manipulate.
   • Example: Number of hours of sleep (4 hours vs. 8 hours).

5. Dependent Variable (DV)

   • The effect you measure.
   • Example: Test scores on a standardized math exam.

6. Confounding Variables (CVs) and How to Control Them

   • Example of CV: Some students may naturally perform better on math tests.
   • How to control it: Randomly assign participants to sleep conditions.

7. Method (Experimental Design)

   • Participants: 50 college students, randomly assigned to two sleep conditions.
   • Procedure:
     1. Group A sleeps 4 hours; Group B sleeps 8 hours.
     2. Both groups take the same standardized math test in the morning.
     3. Compare average test scores between groups.

8. Expected Results & Conclusion

   • If Group A scores significantly lower, it supports the hypothesis that sleep deprivation causes lower test performance.

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Final Steps

• Review and proofread your work.
• Attach the real experiment’s source (PDF/link).
• Use APA format if required.

Abnormal psychology reflection on historical an contempary views on abnormal behavior , pearson abnormal psychology textbook 16th edition , butcher , hooley and mineka. Reflections can discuss a theory, diagnosis,
treatment or any other content from the course discussion or readings. Simply pick a topic and
discuss it. Do not simple paraphrase a chapter or discussion; offer your unique thoughts and
feedback. You will be graded on grammar and sentence structure as well as content. All papers
should be in APA format. Use “I statements throughout.
What did you find interesting? What surprised you?
What are your general thoughts about the issue? What stuck out the most?
What was something that you want to explore/learn more about? Why?

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

Historical and Contemporary Views on Abnormal Behavior: A Personal Reflection

Abnormal psychology has always fascinated me because it provides insight into how society defines and treats mental disorders. While reading Abnormal Psychology (16th edition) by Butcher, Hooley, and Mineka, I was particularly struck by how views on abnormal behavior have evolved over time. The shift from supernatural explanations to scientific, evidence-based approaches highlights the progress we have made in understanding mental health.

One of the most interesting aspects was how ancient civilizations attributed mental illness to supernatural causes, such as demonic possession or punishment from the gods. I found it surprising that even in relatively advanced societies, such as Ancient Greece, mental illness was still often misunderstood. However, early philosophers like Hippocrates introduced the idea that mental disorders had natural causes, which laid the foundation for modern biological perspectives. This progression made me reflect on how much culture and societal beliefs influence the way we perceive abnormal behavior.

I was also fascinated by how contemporary views have expanded beyond just biological explanations. The biopsychosocial model, which considers biological, psychological, and social influences on mental health, resonated with me. It made me think about how factors like childhood trauma, socioeconomic status, and even cultural background shape a person’s mental well-being. This perspective helped me appreciate the complexity of mental disorders and why no single approach can fully explain them.

One topic I want to explore further is the impact of stigma on mental health treatment. Throughout history, people with mental illness have been marginalized, and even today, stigma remains a major barrier to seeking help. I wonder how we can better address these issues in public policy and education. Understanding how historical misconceptions still influence modern perceptions of mental illness could be key to reducing stigma and improving access to care.

Overall, studying the historical and contemporary views of abnormal behavior has deepened my appreciation for the field of psychology. It reinforced the importance of adopting a compassionate and well-rounded approach to mental health, one that considers both scientific advancements and societal influences.

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Would you like any modifications or additional references?

What kind of professional experiences have you had,
(I have been working in the social services field and mental health capacity for 13 years. The demographic that I have served the most vulnerable population, specifically black and brown children and families, low income, no income.)

why have you decided to pursue this degree right now, and what are you interested in learning as part of your PsyD journey?
(My biggest driving force was representation in the psychology field. I want to be educated and learn how I can best support my clients and educate others in all walks of life.)
Please share ideas you might have about what a neurobiologically-informed approach to psychotherapy might involve.
Why do you think we are learning about brain structure and function?
Share any thoughts about the relevancy to your own practice.
Please share any experience you have had in the past with learning about neurobiology, affect regulation and attachment theories.
Is there something in particular you are interested in learning about in this course? Why?

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

Step-by-Step Guide to Structuring and Writing Your Paper

1. Understanding the Assignment Prompt

• Carefully read the provided questions.
• Highlight key terms and themes (e.g., professional experiences, reasons for pursuing a PsyD, neurobiological approach, brain structure and function, and past learning experiences).
• Identify what the instructor expects in your response (e.g., personal reflection, academic discussion, or application to practice).

2. Brainstorm and Outline Your Response

• Introduction:
  • Briefly introduce yourself and your background in social services and mental health.
  • State your purpose for writing the paper.
• Body Paragraphs:
  • Professional Experience:
    • Discuss your 13 years of experience in social services and mental health.
    • Highlight your work with Black and Brown children and families, particularly those from low- and no-income backgrounds.
  • Motivation for Pursuing a PsyD:
    • Explain why representation in psychology is essential to you.
    • Describe how you hope to contribute to the field and support clients better.
  • Neurobiologically-Informed Approach to Psychotherapy:
    • Define what a neurobiologically-informed approach means.
    • Offer ideas on how understanding brain function can enhance psychotherapy.
  • Relevance of Brain Structure and Function:
    • Explain why learning about brain structures is critical for psychologists.
    • Connect it to real-life applications in mental health interventions.
  • Previous Experience with Neurobiology, Affect Regulation, and Attachment Theories:
    • Share any past coursework, training, or experiences in these areas.
    • Reflect on how these theories have influenced your professional practice.
  • Specific Interests in the Course:
    • Identify particular topics within neurobiology that intrigue you.
    • Explain why you want to explore them further.

3. Writing the Paper

• Use Clear and Concise Language:
  • Avoid jargon unless necessary; when used, define key terms.
  • Stay professional and maintain a logical flow.
• Provide Personal Insights and Reflections:
  • Support statements with examples from your experience.
  • Connect theory to practice.
• Ensure Coherence and Organization:
  • Use topic sentences to introduce each paragraph.
  • Use transition words (e.g., “Additionally,” “Furthermore,” “For example”) for smooth reading.

4. Editing and Proofreading

• Read your paper aloud to catch awkward phrasing.
• Check for grammar, spelling, and clarity.
• Ensure alignment with assignment instructions.
• Ask a peer or mentor to review your work for feedback.

5. Final Submission

• Double-check formatting (APA, MLA, or instructor’s preferred style).
• Confirm all questions are addressed thoroughly.
• Submit before the deadline to avoid last-minute stress.

By following this structured approach, you can confidently complete your assignment while effectively conveying your insights and experiences!