Category: Law : Criminal Justice

An Annotated Bibliography must be submitted by noon on the due date indicated.  You must research TWO different mauscripts/research studies from the peer-reviewed journals at JD Williams Library online journals.  There were many manuscripts cited throughout the textbook.  You may use one of those studies or find different ones. You must annotate one research study that has been conducted to test the veracity and usefulness of one of the theories discussed in this course.  The second article is used to complete step 4 below.  That article should be from a souce where the same theory was tested.  To complete this assignment, you will need two manuscripts and one theory.
The Annotated Bibliography will be one paragraph (minimum 100 and maximum 150 words) and include the following:
A sentence that tells the purpose of the study (refer to the study by the authors’ names using proper APA (7th ed.) in-text narrative and/or parenthetical citations)
Two or three sentences that tell the methodology (how the theory was tested)
Two or three sentences that explains the veracity and usefulness of the theory. How does the case study confirm, disconfirm, or partially confirm the theory?
One or two sentences that tell how the study results compared/contrasted with the study results of the second article you selected, and
A concluding sentence that tells why this article would be beneficial to readers. The last sentence of the paragraph should be worded in the following manner: “This article would be beneficial to (fill in the blanks) because (fill in the blanks)….”
You must include the references (in APA 7th ed style) for the two sources you cite in the annotated bibliography.  To be clear, you will annotate one peer-reviewed source. Your final product will consist of  one  paragraph (10 or fewer sentences in the paragraph).  The reference for the article you annotate should be at the top of the page.  The reference for the article that you use to compare and contrast  (Step 4) should be listed at the bottom of the paragraph.
To submit your assignment, click on the title of this dropbox and choose the Browse My Computer button to navigate to your saved file and select it. This is a SafeAssignment dropbox, which means that the work you submit will be reviewed against other submissions Internet-wide, and an Originality Score (ORScore) will be assigned by the system. Your work will be reviewed for plagiarism with consequences from points deducted to a grade of zero in the assignment or course to the enactment of the UM academic dishonesty policy.
( it only has to be 150 words and one paragraph)

Overview
In this assignment, you will organize some of the essential processes and procedures of the court system.
Prompt
Understanding the process a defendant moves through in the court system and how juries function in different courts is an important aspect to understanding the criminal justice system. Complete the Module Five Assignment template Word Document to help you organize some of the essential processes and procedures of the court system.
Specifically, the following rubric criteria must be addressed:
Identify the eight key steps a defendant moves through.
Identify 2-3 key similarities between civil and criminal juries.
Identify 2-3 key differences between civil and criminal juries.
What to Submit
This assignment must be completed using the provided Module Five Assignment template. Any references should be cited in APA format.

U.S. Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black, in delivering the opinion on Smith v. Texas (1940), wrote:
It is part of the established tradition in the use of juries as instruments of public justice that the jury be a body truly representative of the community. For racial discrimination to result in the exclusion from jury service of otherwise qualified groups not only violates our Constitituon and the laws encacted under it, but is at war with our basic concepts of a democratic society and a representative government.
Take a position. Does the process of jury selection help build fair and impartial juries that are representative of the population in which the trial is occurring?
First, title your post either “The Jury Selection Process Helps Ensure a Fair Trial” or “The Jury Selection Process Does Not Help Ensure a Fair Trial.”
Then, using the information gained in this module and the resources noted above, make your case. How does the jury selection process help or hinder the selection of a representative jury? Does this system help ensure justice and the final outcome of a fair trial? Why or why not? Be sure to build your case with factual resources.
In your response to your peers, consider how well they justified their position, making use of available resources. Consider the following questions in your response posts:
Did they support their position convincingly using appropriate resources?
Which of their points make the most sense to you, even if you made a case for the opposing viewpoint?
Reference
Smith v. Texas, 311 U.S. 128 (1940). Retrieved from https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/311/128/
To complete this assignment, review the Discussion Rubric.

the paper must be typed and double spaced , the cover page must note the title , inclue APA format and include atleast four references on a seperate page

CJ 207 Project One Guidelines and Rubric
Competency
In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:
Describe the organizational hierarchy and roles within the U.S. judicial system
Scenario
You are the Director of Local Community Outreach for the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences (ACJS), a national professional organization. Your position is to aid mid-sized cities in their efforts to educate citizens about how to interact with the judicial system. Your position includes consulting, running community programs, and creating educational materials. Your goal is to create an information poster or other visual aid that will help these cities educate the general population about the criminal justice system.
Directions
The ACJS is committed to promoting equity in the criminal justice system. Create an information poster or visual aid that address all of the required elements:
Explain how the court system in the United States works. Address the following questions in your explanation:
How do the three types of courts relate to each other?
How do courts provide checks and balances?
Explain the functions and responsibilities of various members of the criminal justice system. You must address each of the following members:
Judges
Consider addressing some of the key issues or ethical factors a judge might encounter.
Prosecutors
Consider including the impact of prosecutorial discretion on the court process.
Defense Counsel
Consider addressing the differences between public and private defenders and the role each plays in due process.
Allied Professionals
Consider including some of the following roles: court stenographer, probation officers, court clerks, and court deputies.
Describe the role of various courts.
What is the role of the appeals courts? Include:
Local courts
State courts
Federal courts
What is the role of specialized courts?
Describe the jurisdictions of different courts in the United States. Include each of the following:
Explain why different courts exist.
Provide an example of a different court.
Describe the importance of its jurisdictional difference.
Describe some of the issues that can arise from this jurisdiction.
You may want to consider:
Military courts
Native American courts or U.S. court jurisdiction over Native Americans
What to Submit
To complete this project, you must submit the following:
Educational Material
For this project, choose the format that works best for you. Please note there is no requirement related to the way you show your knowledge, as long as you meet the rubric requirements by following the directions.
We have created the following optional template to aid you in completing this project:
Project One Template Word Document
If you prefer to create a different visual aid, consider creating one of the following:
Interactive timeline (See the Supporting Materials section.)
Infographic (See the Supporting Materials section.)
Video for a website
Other handout
Make sure your visual aid includes all of the rubric requirements in the Directions section.
Supporting Materials
The following resource(s) may help support your work on the project:
Project One Template Word Document
This template can be used to create a visual aid.
Website: Timeline
This website can be used to easily make an interactive timeline.
Website: Piktochart
This website can be used to easily make an infographic or visual.

This assignment will be submitted to Turnitin™.
Instructions
MAJOR REQUIREMENTS FOR YOUR PAPER ASSIGNMENTS
Please write an essay/paper of 2/3 pages (excluding cover, title, abstract, references …etc) on any topic discussed in chapters 6 or 7 of our course text. Your paper must relate DIRECTLY to chapter 6 or 7. If you are in doubt, please consult the Instructor. Please comply with all of the following major requirements:
1. Please use a cover page for your written assignments, papers and projects.
2. Have an appropriate title for your work please
3. Also, please use an abstract for your assignments. Among other things, an abstract is basically a summary of your work and helps summarize and introduce your work at the initial time. It also gradually leads your readers into your work. It is part of APA and required to be about 150-250 words (class abstracts can be shorter). Your abstract should be on a page by itself immediately after your cover page – with the title or sub-title “Abstract” centered on top of your abstract.
4. Your paper should have a problem statement section or an introduction. This is the place where you articulate the “why” or the reason or the problem or concern or lacuna why you are writing your paper. For example, what gap in the law are you trying to highlight or solve? If there is no problem or concern, why write? Please see SAMPLE Statements of the problem or Introductions in the Course Material Folder.
5. Please make your conclusions a little bit more visible – you can use a pointer like “In conclusions … etc” or you can use a sub-title “Conclusions.”
6. Please use paragraphs in almost everything you write – use paragraphs as appropriate to organize your points and also to help make your work more reader-friendly.
7. Please try to meet the minimum page/word requirement – please use it to showcase your research and writing skills. Remember that the minimum page does NOT include your cover page, your abstract and your list of references.
8. Please remember to use APA in-text citations to support your work so readers may not think that you are speculating or guessing. There is NO minimum number of citations required. There are TWO requirements in supporting your work in the APA writing style (1) in-text citations and (2) list of references. These two requirements are needed!! This is the requirement at college level all over the world.
9. A list of references is required as this goes hand in hand with your in-text citations. A list of references is required. This is DIFFERENT from in-text citations.
10. Remember to arrange your list of references in alphabetical order.
11. Please use your own words. Although I am definitely not accusing anyone of anything, please note that I review your Turn-It-In Originality Report. Please note that your work should be 99.99% your own words. As you know, you can borrow ideas from any source but you must (a) summarize them in your own words AND (b) cite your sources. Please let me know if you need further assistance moving forward.
12. Please use subtitles or sub-headings like “Introduction, Methodology, Conclusions, Findings, Suggestions, Recommendations … etc” to help organize your thoughts and also to help make your work more reader-friendly. Please note that the particular subheadings you use depend on the topic you are writing but I want you to use subheadings or subtitles in your work. Among other things, using subheadings immediately makes it clearer which of the major requirements of the assignment you covered – just by quickly reviewing your sub-headings or sub-titles. It also lets you get creative and innovative by the types of subheadings you use.
13. Please note that your title/subject matter must be related to this class. If in doubt, please contact the Instructor.
14. Relate your discussion to the real-world and please use vivid examples where appropriate.
15.  Please use double spacing – APA supports double spacing
16. What are the policy implications of your work? This is same thing as suggestions you have on how to improve things. Policy implication is also referred to as Reform Implications or Crime Control Implications.
17. What suggestions do you have based on the policy implications of your work?
18. Please submit as an ATTACHMENT in the drop box on or BEFORE the due date/time.
19. xxx deleted
20.  Microsoft Word is recommended.
21. Avoid or minimize using direct quotes “….” at this time please but rather (a) summarize the information in your own words and (b) cite your sources.
22. Avoid numbering the items in your list of references – just arrange them in alphabetical order.
23. Each work must be original to this class and to each particular assignment – no use of prior work.
24. Please submit your work as ONE FILE only – please do not upload parts of your work (like cover page, abstract, or other … etc) separately! Upload everything as just ONE file
25. Please do not upload BLANK document (receives a zero!) and remember it is your full responsibility to be sure your work uploaded – re-log in and check or talk to Technical Support if you are in doubt.
26.  Let me know if you have any questions or concerns. Thanks and good luck.
27. Please note that you must explore the “Policy Implications” of your work. You can do this last as in “Conclusions AND Policy Implications.”  Please always end your work with a subheading like “Conclusions AND Policy Implications.” This is where you summarize or itemize your “conclusions” and then proceed to suggestions/recommendations BASED on your work or on your conclusions. So each assignment must have suggestions or what you recommend BASED on that particular work. Please see my post on the announcement page on this.

CJ 207 Project One Guidelines and Rubric
Competency
In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:
Describe the organizational hierarchy and roles within the U.S. judicial system
Scenario
You are the Director of Local Community Outreach for the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences (ACJS), a national professional organization. Your position is to aid mid-sized cities in their efforts to educate citizens about how to interact with the judicial system. Your position includes consulting, running community programs, and creating educational materials. Your goal is to create an information poster or other visual aid that will help these cities educate the general population about the criminal justice system.
Directions
The ACJS is committed to promoting equity in the criminal justice system. Create an information poster or visual aid that address all of the required elements:
Explain how the court system in the United States works. Address the following questions in your explanation:
How do the three types of courts relate to each other?
How do courts provide checks and balances?
Explain the functions and responsibilities of various members of the criminal justice system. You must address each of the following members:
Judges
Consider addressing some of the key issues or ethical factors a judge might encounter.
Prosecutors
Consider including the impact of prosecutorial discretion on the court process.
Defense Counsel
Consider addressing the differences between public and private defenders and the role each plays in due process.
Allied Professionals
Consider including some of the following roles: court stenographer, probation officers, court clerks, and court deputies.
Describe the role of various courts.
What is the role of the appeals courts? Include:
Local courts
State courts
Federal courts
What is the role of specialized courts?
Describe the jurisdictions of different courts in the United States. Include each of the following:
Explain why different courts exist.
Provide an example of a different court.
Describe the importance of its jurisdictional difference.
Describe some of the issues that can arise from this jurisdiction.
You may want to consider:
Military courts
Native American courts or U.S. court jurisdiction over Native Americans
What to Submit
To complete this project, you must submit the following:
Educational Material
For this project, choose the format that works best for you. Please note there is no requirement related to the way you show your knowledge, as long as you meet the rubric requirements by following the directions.
We have created the following optional template to aid you in completing this project:
Project One Template Word Document
If you prefer to create a different visual aid, consider creating one of the following:
Interactive timeline (See the Supporting Materials section.)
Infographic (See the Supporting Materials section.)
Video for a website
Other handout
Make sure your visual aid includes all of the rubric requirements in the Directions section.
Supporting Materials
The following resource(s) may help support your work on the project:
Project One Template Word Document
This template can be used to create a visual aid.
Website: Timeline
This website can be used to easily make an interactive timeline.
Website: Piktochart
This website can be used to easily make an infographic or visual.

In the article “Innocence Is Irrelevant” from the September 2017 issue of The Atlantic, Emily Yoffee wrote:
Supreme Court Justice Anthony Kennedy acknowledged this reality in 2012, writing for the majority in Missouri v. Frye, a case that helped establish the right to competent counsel for defendants who are offered a plea bargain. Quoting a law-review article, Kennedy wrote, ‘Horse trading [between prosecutor and defense counsel] determines who goes to jail and for how long. That is what plea bargaining is. It is not some adjunct to the criminal justice system; it is the criminal justice system.’ 
As prosecutors have accumulated power in recent decades, judges and public defenders have lost it. To induce defendants to plead, prosecutors often threaten ‘the trial penalty’: They make it known that defendants will face more-serious charges and harsher sentences if they take their case to court and are convicted. About 80 percent of defendants are eligible for court-appointed attorneys, including overworked public defenders who don’t have the time or resources to even consider bringing more than a tiny fraction of these cases to trial. The result, one frustrated Missouri public defender complained a decade ago, is a style of defense that is nothing more than “meet ’em and greet ’em and plead ’em.”
“Our system makes it a rational choice to plead guilty to something you didn’t do,” Maddy deLone, the executive director of the Innocence Project, told me [author Emily Yoffee].
Take a position. Is plea bargaining an effective or ineffective alternative process?
First, title your post either “Plea Bargaining Is an Effective Alternative Process” or “Plea Bargaining is Not an Effective Alternative Process.”
Then, using the information gained in this module and the resources noted above, make your case. Based upon the volume of court cases, the societal implications, and the impact that plea bargaining has on the defendant, do you believe that plea bargaining represents justice? Why or why not? Be sure to build your case with factual resources.
In your response to your peers, consider how well they justified their position, making use of available resources. Consider the following questions in your response posts:
Did they support their position convincingly using appropriate resources?
Which of their points make the most sense to you, even if you made a case for the opposing viewpoint?
Reference
Yoffe, E. (2017, September). “Innocence is irrelevant.” The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2017/09/innocence-is-irrelevant/534171/

For this assignment you will be required to write a minimum of a five page essay explaining the various steps, associated constitutional rights, exceptions, etc. including the application of US Supreme Court decisions based on those constitutional fights and procedural steps.
The research an explanation will be based on the following scenario.
John Smith, has committed a robbery of the local bank. 911 dispatch has received telephone call about the robbery and as dispatched patrol officers to the scene.
When the officers arrived they begin the investigation which is the first major portion of the case.
One of the first things that you may want to discuss are the rules for resting a felon, if he or she is at the scene, or if they have left the scene. His would entail the fourth amendment which provides a right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures of your person, house, papers, and effects. How does this apply and how would we get the arrest completed. Continue with explaining the investigation, prosecution, and sentencing with corrections.

I have attached the logic model I used for this course along with a literature review. You are to conduct an evaluation plan using these papers.
Instructions: The evaluation plan ties together the previous two assignments, summarizing the evidence that underlies the intervention and outlining the theory of change and core elements of the logic model.  The third and new element of the plan describes how to capture and measure the outputs and outcomes articulated in the logic model.  Keep in mind that the audience for your evaluation plan is the director of the program intervention itself, so part of your goal is to demonstrate your familiarity with the intervention and your ability to capture and describe its impact to outside stakeholders, particularly potential new program partners and funders. 

When planning your evaluation strategy, it is important to consider timeline, budgetary constraints and resource allocation for a one-year period.  Data collection and analysis will need to wrap up at least two months prior to the end of the year in order to allow sufficient time for analysis and report drafting and revision.
Background about the assignment: The final project for this policy analysis and evidence generation course is designed to mimic a real-world scenario in which your team competes to win an evaluation contract with a direct service provider.  In essence, your team is striving to convey to the service provider that you have a strong understanding of the research and theory of change that underly their intervention, along with a robust strategy for capturing both process and impact outcomes that will enable your team to demonstrate the real impact of the intervention on participants.  Keep in mind, the service provider already believes their program works – your task is to structure an evaluation design that will convince other stakeholders that this program is worth their investment.  That is what you are “pitching” to the service provider.
Students will first work to cull the existing evidence behind one of two well-known cognitive interventions, then work to design a logic model to frame how these interventions take form in real-world programs, and construct an evaluation plan to capture and analyze key outcomes to demonstrate their impact(s) on several cohorts of clients. 
This is what my project subject is:
Rikers Rovers is an Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) intervention on Rikers Island in which select “houses” on Rikers are assigned a shelter dog to foster, train, and care for.  At the end of the program, the participants select a home in the community to adopt the dog.  It is important to note that AAT is a form of SEL, so the impacts expected from the program are similar to those of the Recharge project.