Category: History

Essays:
Each student will write a 4-6 page essay reflecting on the tensions among their individual beliefs and personal interests with each of the following subject matters. The essay should represent a particular position or point of view on the topic that is both thoughtful and supported by evidence. You must cite at least 3 outside sources (APA citation format is required).
The topics for discussion are:
Paper 1: 1916 Easter Uprising and/or the Irish Civil War
The 1981 Hunger Strikes.
Structure
The structure of the paper should follow a basic essay format. You are expected to have an introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction should end with your taking a particular stance on a particular issue. This stance should be grounded in your core values. Make sure it is specific and arguable.
The body of the essay should include at least three main points with supporting citations. You should agree and/or disagree with a source by using a connection to the topic you are discussing. This means that you should connect the period in Irish history that we are discussing with some other event that occurred in the world at any time in history. You should use that connection as support for your main argument.
For example, if you are discussing the Irish Civil Rights movement, you could connect that with the American Civil Rights movement. You don’t have to focus on the actual events of the period in discussion. You could, instead, look at a particular person from that period. For example, you could connect Ivan Cooper (Irish Civil Rights leader) with Martin Luther King. You could argue that they are both similar because…… or you could argue that they are very different because……. The focus, however, is using this connection as support for your main argument. This support should be clearly outlined in the body of your paper in three distinct paragraphs.
Finally, you will end with a conclusion. Wrap up your main point in a different way as a concluding statement of what you believe.
Each paper must include a full reference list.
Developing, Organizing and Supporting Arguments Workshop
Strong thesis statements are at the core of every well-developed and organized academic argument. Yet, students often don’t know how to create a thesis statement that is arguable, explicit and limits the scope of their papers based on prompt instructions, class readings and their own research. Using a class assignment, students will produce a thesis statement in this workshop. They will then learn how to use their thesis statements to organize, construct and develop paragraphs stemming from that thesis. Date of the workshop is listed on the course outline.
Submission Deadline and Grading
Each student must upload their completed Paper final version to Blackboard.
In addition, before submitting the final version of any of the papers to Blackboard, each student should first take his/her first draft to the Writing Center. Please make appointments to the Writing Center two weeks in advance of the submission.
Each paper will be graded using an ECG approved rubric which can be found on Learn.
***Rubric is uploaded
Rquired texts we have ben reading in class :
1. Ten Men Dead by David Beresford
2. The diary of Bobby Sands
3. Nothing But an Unfinished Song by Denis

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

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Step-by-Step Guide to Writing Your Essay on the 1916 Easter Uprising or the Irish Civil War

1. Choosing Your Topic:

You need to choose whether you’ll focus on the 1916 Easter Uprising or the 1981 Hunger Strikes (or a combination). For this example, let’s say you choose the 1981 Hunger Strikes. Think about your personal beliefs and values in relation to this topic. Are you sympathetic to the actions of the strikers, or do you think their methods were misguided?

2. Formulating Your Thesis Statement:

This is one of the most important parts of your paper. You need to decide on a clear, arguable position that you will defend throughout your essay. Your stance should be based on your core values. For example:

• Thesis: “The 1981 Hunger Strikes were a necessary and powerful form of resistance that highlighted the British government’s disregard for Irish political prisoners and led to significant changes in the relationship between Northern Ireland and the United Kingdom.”

This statement provides a specific position and limits the scope of your paper to focus on the strikes and their impact.

3. Structuring Your Essay:

Your essay should follow a basic essay format, including an introduction, body, and conclusion.

• Introduction (1 Paragraph):

  • Briefly introduce the topic.
  • Clearly present your thesis statement (the stance you are taking).
  • Include background information (such as the context of the 1981 Hunger Strikes) to set up your argument.

• Body (3 Main Points, 3 Paragraphs): For each body paragraph, focus on one key argument or main point that supports your thesis. Here’s how to organize them:

  • Body Paragraph 1:
    • Discuss the causes and significance of the 1981 Hunger Strikes (e.g., the conditions of Irish political prisoners, the motivations behind the hunger strike).
    • Cite evidence from sources such as Ten Men Dead or The Diary of Bobby Sands.
  • Body Paragraph 2:
    • Make a connection to another historical or global event, like the American Civil Rights Movement or other protests for political freedom.
    • Compare the methods used in the Hunger Strikes with those of other movements and explore the moral and ethical implications.
  • Body Paragraph 3:
    • Explore the impact of the Hunger Strikes on Irish politics and relations with Britain (e.g., how the British government responded, how public perception changed).
    • Analyze the long-term effects of the Hunger Strikes, especially in terms of policy change and public awareness.

• Conclusion (1 Paragraph):

  • Restate your thesis and summarize your main points.
  • End with a reflection on the long-term significance of the Hunger Strikes for Northern Ireland and Ireland as a whole.
  • You could also reiterate your position on the ethical question of whether such drastic measures (like hunger strikes) are justified.

4. Supporting Evidence and Citations:

You need to cite at least three outside sources, including class readings and peer-reviewed journal articles. For example:

• David Beresford’s Ten Men Dead provides an in-depth account of the political context and motivations behind the hunger strikes.
• The Diary of Bobby Sands offers insight into the mindset and experiences of the participants.
• Academic sources (peer-reviewed articles) will provide additional context about the impact of hunger strikes on political movements or comparisons with other global uprisings.

Make sure to properly cite all sources using APA format.

5. Reviewing the Paper:

After writing your first draft, it’s important to:

• Go over your argument: Is it clearly stated? Are your points well-supported by evidence?
• Check your sources: Are they reliable and properly cited?
• Seek feedback: Make sure to take your draft to the Writing Center before submission for a review.

6. Submission:

Once your paper is complete and revised, ensure you upload it to Blackboard before the deadline.

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Example Thesis and Connection:

• Thesis Example: “The 1981 Hunger Strikes, as a powerful form of resistance, were necessary to draw attention to the injustice faced by Irish political prisoners and ultimately changed the way the British government viewed the conflict in Northern Ireland.”

• Connection Example: You could connect the Hunger Strikes to other historical protests, like the Civil Rights Movement in the United States, where non-violent protest and self-sacrifice (e.g., sit-ins, marches, etc.) were used to highlight political oppression and demand change.

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By following this guide step-by-step, you can clearly organize your thoughts, arguments, and sources to produce a well-structured, evidence-based essay.

Mark Hersey. My Work is that of Conservation: An Environmental Biography of George Washington Carver (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2011)
Book review should include:
• a general synopsis of the book’s central argument
• an assessment of the evidence the author uses
• and a discussion of any gaps or problems with the author’s evidence or arguments. The review should not simply summarize what is in the book; it needs to offer some genuine analysis as well. It might behoove you to read some scholarly reviews before you write your own. Probably the best place to read thoughtful book reviews is in the American Historical Review, but you can find perfectly satisfactory examples quite easily in almost any scholarly historical journal.
Formatting: The paper should be double-spaced in Times New Roman 12 point font using Microsoft Word’s default margins.
Citations: Quotations should be short, and the page from which they are drawn noted parenthetically at the end of the sentence in which they are included. All citations for any references to sources other than the book itself should be done according to the Chicago Manual of Style, the standard style guide for historians.

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

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Step-by-Step Guide on Writing Your Book Review

1. Understanding the Assignment Requirements

The task here is to write a book review of Mark Hersey’s My Work is that of Conservation: An Environmental Biography of George Washington Carver (2011). Your review needs to:

• Provide a general synopsis of the book’s central argument.
• Offer an assessment of the evidence Hersey uses in his argument.
• Discuss any gaps or problems with the author’s evidence or arguments.
• Go beyond a simple summary of the book and offer genuine analysis.

2. Reading the Book and Taking Notes

Before you begin writing, you need to read the book and take careful notes. Focus on:

• Key Themes: What are the central ideas of the book? What is Hersey arguing about George Washington Carver’s environmental work?
• Evidence: Pay attention to the evidence Hersey uses to support his argument. What sources does he rely on? Does he use primary or secondary sources?
• Structure: How does Hersey organize the book? Does it follow a chronological approach, thematic structure, or both?
• Gaps: As you read, be alert to any potential gaps or weaknesses in his argument. Is there something important that he overlooks or does not fully address?

3. Writing the Book Review

Start with a Clear Introduction:

• Introduce the Book: State the title of the book, the author’s name, and the central focus or argument of the book.
• Purpose of the Review: Briefly explain the purpose of your review and what aspects of the book you will analyze (central argument, evidence, gaps).

Example: Mark Hersey’s My Work is that of Conservation: An Environmental Biography of George Washington Carver offers an in-depth exploration of Carver’s environmental contributions. Hersey argues that Carver’s legacy as an agricultural scientist extends beyond his work with crops to his broader environmental conservation efforts. This review will assess the central argument of Hersey’s book, evaluate the evidence presented, and discuss any potential gaps or weaknesses in his analysis.

Provide a General Synopsis of the Book’s Central Argument:

• Summarize the book’s main argument.
• What is the book’s thesis about George Washington Carver and his environmental work? Why does Hersey believe Carver is important in this context?
• Highlight any key points or arguments that Hersey uses to support his thesis.

Assess the Evidence the Author Uses:

• Evaluate the type and quality of evidence Hersey uses to support his argument. Does he rely on primary sources (letters, diaries, documents) or secondary sources (scholarly articles, books)?
• Discuss the depth of research: Does he use a wide variety of sources? Are these sources reliable and relevant?
• How does the evidence strengthen or weaken his argument?

Example: Hersey draws on a wide array of primary sources, including Carver’s personal letters and historical records, to underscore his contributions to agricultural science. However, some critics may argue that Hersey could have explored more secondary sources related to the broader context of environmental science in the early 20th century.

Discuss Gaps or Problems with the Author’s Evidence or Arguments:

• Critically analyze any potential gaps in the author’s evidence or argument. Does Hersey miss any important perspectives or sources?
• Are there any weaknesses or biases in his analysis?
• Could the author have explored any additional avenues, perspectives, or research?

Example: While Hersey presents a thorough account of Carver’s agricultural contributions, his focus on Carver’s environmental philosophy leaves little room for exploring the socio-political contexts in which Carver operated. The author could have examined the political or racial challenges Carver faced in his advocacy for conservation more closely.

Conclusion:

• Provide a brief summary of your overall thoughts on the book. Was it convincing? Does it contribute new insights to the field?
• Would you recommend the book to others interested in George Washington Carver or environmental history?

Example: Hersey’s book is a valuable contribution to understanding George Washington Carver’s work within the environmental movement. Although some gaps in evidence and argumentation remain, the book provides a nuanced perspective on Carver’s lasting impact on agricultural conservation. This work is highly recommended for those interested in environmental history and the life of this often-overlooked historical figure.

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4. Citations and Formatting

Your paper should be formatted according to the following guidelines:

• Font: Use Times New Roman size 12.
• Spacing: The paper should be double-spaced.
• Margins: Use Microsoft Word’s default margins.
• Citations: Use Chicago Manual of Style for citations. Since this is a book review, quotations from the book itself should be short, and page numbers should be included in parentheses. For any other references to external sources, use the Chicago style for footnotes or endnotes.

Example of a citation:

• Book Citation: Hersey, Mark. My Work is That of Conservation: An Environmental Biography of George Washington Carver. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2011.

Example of an in-text citation:

• (Hersey 2011, 45)

5. Proofreading and Submitting

Before submitting your review:

• Proofread for spelling, grammar, and clarity.
• Check formatting to ensure it meets the required specifications (spacing, font, margins, etc.).
• Ensure that all citations are correct and formatted properly.

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By following this guide, you’ll be able to write a comprehensive and well-structured book review that not only summarizes the book but also provides a critical analysis of the author’s argument and evidence. Good luck with your review!

Movie Review:
Students will write a one-page review of each of the three movies (Michael Collins, Bloody Sunday, and Hunger) assigned in this course. A Movie Review Rubric is included in Learn. Please ensure you include the following in your review:
Identify all of the important characters and major traits. Discuss whether there are clear-cut villains and/or heroes. You should also be able to identify all of the major issues presented in the film. Consider the conflicts presented and how this works to the overall theme of the movie. Think about what the film presents as “good” and what it presents as “evil”. Are these issues simple or complex?

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your movie reviews easily!

Step 1: Understand the Assignment Requirements

• Write a one-page review for each of the three movies:
  1. Michael Collins
  2. Bloody Sunday
  3. Hunger
• Use the Movie Review Rubric as a guide.
• Your review should discuss:
  • Main characters and their traits
  • Villains and heroes (if any)
  • Major issues and conflicts presented
  • Overall theme of the movie
  • Concepts of “good” vs. “evil”—are they simple or complex?

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Step 2: Outline Your Movie Review

Each review should be structured as follows:

Introduction (2-3 sentences)

• Provide the movie title, release year, and director.
• Briefly summarize the film’s setting and main premise.

Main Characters and Their Traits (3-4 sentences)

• Identify key characters and describe their roles.
• Discuss whether they are portrayed as heroes, villains, or something more complex.

Major Issues and Conflicts (4-5 sentences)

• What historical or political issues does the film highlight?
• How do these conflicts drive the story?
• Are the conflicts portrayed in a biased or neutral way?

Theme and Morality (3-4 sentences)

• What is the film’s central theme or message?
• How does it present the concepts of “good” and “evil”?
• Does the movie simplify these issues, or does it present them as complex?

Conclusion (2-3 sentences)

• Summarize your overall thoughts on the film.
• Did the movie effectively convey its message?
• Would you recommend it? Why or why not?

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Step 3: Write Your Reviews

• Stick to a formal, analytical tone—avoid overly personal opinions.
• Use examples from the film to support your points.
• Keep each review to one page (approx. 250-300 words).

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Step 4: Edit and Format Your Work

Check for spelling, grammar, and clarity.
Ensure proper paragraph structure for readability.
Format according to your instructor’s guidelines (font, spacing, margins, etc.).

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Final Step: Submit Your Reviews

• Review your work to ensure you’ve covered all required elements.
• Submit before the deadline according to course instructions.

Now you’re ready to write insightful and well-structured movie reviews!

Essays:
Each student will write a 4-6 page essay reflecting on the tensions among their individual beliefs and personal interests with each of the following subject matters. The essay should represent a particular position or point of view on the topic that is both thoughtful and supported by evidence. You must cite at least 3 outside sources (APA citation format is required).
The topic for discussion is:
Civil Rights protests and/or Bloody Sunday.
Structure
The structure of the paper should follow a basic essay format. You are expected to have an introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction should end with your taking a particular stance on a particular issue. This stance should be grounded in your core values. Make sure it is specific and arguable.
The body of the essay should include at least three main points with supporting citations. You should agree and/or disagree with a source by using a connection to the topic you are discussing. This means that you should connect the period in Irish history that we are discussing with some other event that occurred in the world at any time in history. You should use that connection as support for your main argument.
For example, if you are discussing the Irish Civil Rights movement, you could connect that with the American Civil Rights movement. You don’t have to focus on the actual events of the period in discussion. You could, instead, look at a particular person from that period. For example, you could connect Ivan Cooper (Irish Civil Rights leader) with Martin Luther King. You could argue that they are both similar because…… or you could argue that they are very different because……. The focus, however, is using this connection as support for your main argument. This support should be clearly outlined in the body of your paper in three distinct paragraphs.
Finally, you will end with a conclusion. Wrap up your main point in a different way as a concluding statement of what you believe. Each paper must include a full reference list.
Developing, Organizing and Supporting Arguments Workshop
Strong thesis statements are at the core of every well-developed and organized academic argument. Yet, students often don’t know how to create a thesis statement that is arguable, explicit and limits the scope of their papers based on prompt instructions, class readings and their own research. Using a class assignment, students will produce a thesis statement in this workshop. They will then learn how to use their thesis statements to organize, construct and develop paragraphs stemming from that thesis. Date of the workshop is listed on the course outline.
Submission Deadline and Grading
Each student must upload their completed Paper final version to Blackboard.
In addition, before submitting the final version of any of the papers to Blackboard, each student should first take his/her first draft to the Writing Center. Please make appointments to the Writing Center two weeks in advance of the submission.
Each paper will be graded using an ECG approved rubric which can be found on Learn.
***Rubric is uploaded
Rquired texts we have ben reading in class :
1. Ten Men Dead by David Beresford
2. The diary of Bobby Sands
3. Nothing But an Unfinished Song by Denis

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

Step 1: Understand the Purpose of the Essay

This essay requires you to:
Reflect on the tensions between your personal beliefs and interests regarding Civil Rights protests and/or Bloody Sunday.
Take a clear, arguable stance on the topic.
Support your position with at least three outside sources (APA format).
Make a historical connection between Irish Civil Rights and another global event.

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Step 2: Structure Your Essay

Your paper should be 4-6 pages and follow a structured format:

1. Introduction (1 paragraph)

• Introduce the topic (Civil Rights protests and/or Bloody Sunday).
• Provide historical context to set up your discussion.
• End with a strong thesis statement:
  • Clearly state your stance on the topic.
  • Make sure your position is specific, arguable, and grounded in your core values.

Example Thesis Statement:
“The events of Bloody Sunday mirror the American Civil Rights Movement, highlighting a global pattern of state violence against peaceful protesters, which continues to shape civil rights activism today.”

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2. Body Paragraphs (At least 3 main points)

Each paragraph should focus on a distinct argument that supports your thesis.

Paragraph 1: Historical Connection

• Compare Bloody Sunday or the Irish Civil Rights Movement with another historical event (e.g., the American Civil Rights Movement, South African Apartheid, etc.).
• Example Connection: Compare Ivan Cooper (Irish Civil Rights leader) with Martin Luther King Jr.
• Use a cited source to support your argument.

Paragraph 2: Personal Reflection & Ethical Tensions

• Discuss how the events challenge or align with your personal beliefs.
• Explore your ethical stance on state violence, civil disobedience, or protest movements.
• Reference a class text (e.g., Ten Men Dead or The Diary of Bobby Sands).

Paragraph 3: Modern-Day Implications

• Connect the historical event to current civil rights issues (e.g., Black Lives Matter, Palestinian protests, etc.).
• Argue how lessons from history should shape our responses to injustice today.
• Support your claim with another outside source.

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3. Conclusion (1 paragraph)

• Restate your main argument in a fresh way.
• Summarize how historical events shape your perspective on activism and justice.
• End with a powerful closing thought that leaves an impact.

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Step 3: Formatting & Citation Guidelines

APA Citation Format (In-text citations & full reference list).
4-6 pages (double-spaced, Times New Roman, 12-pt font, 1-inch margins).
Reference Page (APA format, separate from the main text).
Submit Final Version to Blackboard before the deadline.

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Step 4: Review & Final Submission

First Draft: Bring your paper to the Writing Center at least two weeks before submission.
Final Draft: Proofread for clarity, coherence, and grammar.
Upload to Blackboard before the deadline.

By following this guide, you’ll create a well-structured and compelling essay that meets all the requirements!

Movie Review:
Students will write a one-page review of each of the three movies (Michael Collins, Bloody Sunday, and Hunger) assigned in this course. A Movie Review Rubric is included in Learn. Please ensure you include the following in your review:
Identify all of the important characters and major traits. Discuss whether there are clear-cut villains and/or heroes. You should also be able to identify all of the major issues presented in the film. Consider the conflicts presented and how this works to the overall theme of the movie. Think about what the film presents as “good” and what it presents as “evil”. Are these issues simple or complex?

Michael Collins (1996) Review

Michael Collins is a historical drama depicting the life of the Irish revolutionary leader Michael Collins, played by Liam Neeson. The film highlights Collins’ role in Ireland’s struggle for independence, focusing on his leadership of the Irish Republican Army (IRA), his negotiations for the Anglo-Irish Treaty, and his eventual assassination.

Key characters include:

• Michael Collins (Liam Neeson): A charismatic and determined revolutionary leader.
• Éamon de Valera (Alan Rickman): A political leader who disagrees with Collins’ methods.
• Harry Boland (Aidan Quinn): Collins’ close friend and rival in both politics and romance.
• Kitty Kiernan (Julia Roberts): Collins’ love interest, caught in the political turmoil.

The film presents a complex conflict between revolutionaries and the British government, as well as internal divisions within the Irish independence movement. Collins is portrayed as a hero, while the British forces and de Valera’s political maneuvering create moral ambiguity. The film suggests that “good” is represented by the struggle for Irish self-determination, while “evil” is portrayed in oppressive colonial rule and betrayal within the movement. These themes are complex, showing the moral dilemmas of war and politics.

Bloody Sunday (2002) Review

Bloody Sunday is a powerful, documentary-style film directed by Paul Greengrass that recounts the tragic events of January 30, 1972, in Derry, Northern Ireland. On this day, British soldiers shot and killed 13 unarmed civil rights protesters, fueling the Irish conflict.

Key characters include:

• Ivan Cooper (James Nesbitt): A civil rights leader trying to organize a peaceful march.
• British soldiers: Shown as rigid and aggressive, responding with excessive force.
• Protesters and civilians: Represent the oppressed Catholic community seeking equal rights.

The film does not present clear heroes and villains but rather portrays the British soldiers as antagonists through their brutal response. The conflict revolves around civil rights, political oppression, and the tension between nonviolent protest and violent retaliation. The theme highlights how state violence against civilians can escalate tensions. The portrayal of good and evil is nuanced—protesters are depicted as victims, while the soldiers appear as aggressors but are also shown following orders under chaotic circumstances. The film suggests a deep-rooted and complex struggle rather than a simplistic good vs. evil narrative.

Hunger (2008) Review

Hunger, directed by Steve McQueen, depicts the 1981 IRA hunger strike in the Maze Prison, focusing on Bobby Sands (Michael Fassbender), the leader of the strike. The film is an intense, almost silent meditation on the brutality of prison conditions and the extreme lengths political prisoners went to for recognition.

Key characters include:

• Bobby Sands (Michael Fassbender): The main protagonist, determined to resist British rule through self-sacrifice.
• The prison guards: Represent systemic brutality, enforcing harsh conditions on prisoners.
• Fellow IRA prisoners: Participate in protests, including the “dirty protest” and hunger strike.

The film presents good and evil in a stark yet ambiguous manner. The British government and prison authorities appear as oppressive forces, while Sands and the hunger strikers are portrayed as martyrs. However, the morality of self-inflicted suffering for political purposes is left open for interpretation. The film’s themes explore political resistance, human suffering, and the cost of ideological convictions, making the issues deeply complex.

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“Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!”

Step 1: Understanding the Assignment

• You need to write a one-page review for each of the three films: Michael Collins, Bloody Sunday, and Hunger.
• Your review should include:
  • Key characters and their traits.
  • Identification of heroes/villains.
  • Discussion of major conflicts.
  • Analysis of the themes of good vs. evil.

Step 2: Watching the Movies & Taking Notes

• Write down the names of main characters and their roles.
• Identify key conflicts and the overall message of the film.
• Note how the film presents good and evil—are the issues simple or complex?

Step 3: Structuring Your Review

1. Introduction (2-3 sentences)

   • Briefly introduce the film’s title, director, and main theme.
   • Provide a one-sentence summary of the plot.

2. Character Analysis (2-3 sentences)

   • Identify the main characters and their roles.
   • Discuss whether the film presents clear heroes and villains or if the characters are morally complex.

3. Major Conflicts and Themes (4-5 sentences)

   • Describe the central conflict and how it drives the story.
   • Analyze the movie’s portrayal of good vs. evil—are the issues black and white or complex?

4. Conclusion (2-3 sentences)

   • Summarize how the film presents its themes.
   • Give a brief personal opinion on its effectiveness in portraying history or political conflict.

Step 4: Writing & Formatting

• Use formal language with clear arguments.
• Keep each review one page long (approximately 250-300 words).
• Use APA format if citations are required (e.g., citing a historical source for comparison).

Step 5: Proofreading & Final Edits

• Check for grammar and clarity.
• Ensure that all required elements are covered.
• Make sure each review follows a logical flow.

In a 3-4 page double spaced (11 or 12 point font) essay, answer the question:
Where does the ideology of separation of spheres fit into women’s long-term struggle for rights in the early to mid 1800s?
An introduction that provides context of the time period and the concepts of Separation of Spheres and/or the Cult of Domesticity.
I encourage you to start the paper like the assignment asking you to fill out sentences. For example, “One thing people think they know about women’s struggle for rights in the early to mid 1800s is __________. But what they should understand is ____________. The ideology of separation of spheres helps explain this _________.
Cited Examples in the body of the paper from all the assigned sources supporting statement and analysis:
-America’s Women Chapter 5 (Gary Collins)
-America’s Women Chapter 6 (by Gary Collins)
-Theda Perdue’s “Cherokee Women and the Trail of Tears” Journal of Women’s History; Bloomington, Ind. Vol. 1, Issue. 1, (Spring 1989):14-30.
Jennifer Ladd Nelson,
-“Dress Reform and the Bloomer,” Journal of American and Comparative Cultures 23, no.1 (Spring, 2000). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rExJskBZcW0&feature=emb_imp_woyt-“
I grew Up in a Corset (Links to an external site.)
” video
A Conclusion that sums up your point
Conclusion summary

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

Step 1: Understand the Assignment Requirements

• Write a 3-4 page, double-spaced essay using 11 or 12-point font.
• Address how the ideology of separation of spheres fits into women’s struggle for rights in the early to mid-1800s.
• Use assigned sources to support your argument.
• Follow a clear structure: Introduction, Body Paragraphs (with cited examples), and Conclusion.

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Step 2: Outline Your Essay

Introduction (1 Paragraph)

• Provide historical context of the early-to-mid 1800s.
• Define the Separation of Spheres and the Cult of Domesticity (explain how they influenced women’s roles).
• Use the suggested sentence structure to introduce your argument:
  • Example:
    • One thing people think they know about women’s struggle for rights in the early to mid-1800s is that all women accepted their roles as caregivers and homemakers. But what they should understand is that many women actively challenged these limitations. The ideology of separation of spheres helps explain why women were expected to remain in domestic spaces and how they fought against these restrictions.
• End with a clear thesis statement outlining how the Separation of Spheres limited women’s rights but also sparked reform movements.

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Body Paragraphs (3-5 Paragraphs, Each with Cited Examples)

Each body paragraph should focus on a different aspect of how the ideology of Separation of Spheres influenced women’s rights.

1. The Cult of Domesticity and Gender Roles

• Explain how the Cult of Domesticity reinforced the belief that women belonged in the home while men worked in the public sphere.
• Use examples from America’s Women (Chapters 5 & 6) to discuss how these ideas affected women’s education, legal rights, and work opportunities.

2. Cherokee Women and the Trail of Tears

• Discuss how Native American women, particularly Cherokee women, had different gender roles before forced removal.
• Use Theda Perdue’s article to explain how the U.S. government imposed European gender norms on Cherokee women, stripping them of power in their communities.
• Compare this to white women’s struggles under the Cult of Domesticity.

3. Dress Reform and Resistance to the Cult of Domesticity

• Introduce Jennifer Ladd Nelson’s article on dress reform and discuss how women used fashion to challenge restrictive roles.
• Mention the Bloomer Movement and how clothing reform symbolized women’s desire for independence.
• Incorporate insights from the “I Grew Up in a Corset” video to discuss how physical restrictions mirrored societal limitations on women.

4. Women’s Reform Efforts and Expanding the Public Sphere

• Discuss how women challenged the ideology of Separation of Spheres through social reform movements (education, abolition, suffrage).
• Cite examples from America’s Women on early women’s rights activists and how they slowly broke into the public sphere.

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Conclusion (1 Paragraph)

• Summarize the key points of your essay.
• Reiterate how the Separation of Spheres both restricted and motivated women’s activism in the early-to-mid 1800s.
• End with a strong concluding thought:
  • The ideology of Separation of Spheres sought to confine women to the home, but it ultimately served as a catalyst for women to demand greater rights. By challenging these social norms, women laid the foundation for future feminist movements.

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Step 3: Format in APA Style

• 12-point font, Times New Roman, double-spaced
• 1-inch margins on all sides
• Title Page (if required)
• In-text citations (Author, Year, Page Number)
• Reference Page with full APA citations

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Step 4: Proofread and Submit

• Check for grammar and clarity.
• Ensure APA formatting is correct.
• Submit your final draft before the deadline!

 

Hi,
I would like to help me to answer below questions, in applying at Purdue University as Graduate Student to Start a Master degree as Cybersecurity. I would like you help to write me about personal statement, here is my background I graduated as Computer Engineering with specialization as Cabernet and security Engineering I have an academic awards based on my academic performance in my junior class and senior class as Engineer Student I took NASP Certificate which National Association Safety Professional and OSHA. I have a certificate from Cisco Academic for taking Introduction to Cybersecurity and I’m willing to talking more certificates for Cybersecurity such Ethical hacking, and other Professional Certificates that willing to decouple my career. I have Certificates in Computer Networking as will as Fundamental Computer Retrieval. During my senior year class I did my Final Project that related in creating software. My final project was about to design a software that can predict past and future weather data through photovoltaic cell which solar panels by using machine learning algrothims models such as Sickit-learn, Keras Model, and LSTM ( Long short term Memory) these models is used for prediction the weather past and future by collecting the weather data and store these data in data base. Please if you could help answer these questions below I would be grateful. Thank you so much!
Here is the questions below:
The Personal History Statement helps reviewers learn more about you as a whole person and as a potential graduate student. This may include relevant details on community service, leadership roles, participation in diverse teams, and significant barriers that you overcame to attend graduate school.
Required of all degree-seeking applicants:
1. Describe how your background and life experiences contribute to your ability to be both persistent and resourceful in graduate school.
2. Describe how your life experiences have prepared you to contribute to an academic community where scholars with diverse research interests, abilities, backgrounds, and experiences are supported, respected, and valued.
Optional:
3. Please address concerns that you may have that your academic record does not reflect your true capabilities and discuss mitigating factors that have affected your academic record. Reviewers will be interested in understanding your accomplishments relative to your opportunities.
The Academic Statement of Purpose and the Personal History Statement are two of the most important documents in your graduate school application. The documents should be concise, clear, and free of spelling, grammar, and punctuation errors. You should have others review your document for content, organization, and to ensure that there are no errors. Information in the Personal History Statement should complement but not duplicate information in the Academic Statement of Purpose.

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

Personal History Statement

Persistence and Resourcefulness in Graduate School

My journey in computer engineering, with a specialization in Cabernet and Security Engineering, has been defined by persistence and a deep curiosity for solving complex problems. From an early age, I was fascinated by the intersection of technology and security, which led me to pursue a career in cybersecurity. Throughout my undergraduate studies, I embraced challenges as opportunities for growth. My academic excellence was recognized through awards in my junior and senior years, demonstrating my commitment to continuous learning and high performance.

Beyond academics, I sought to expand my knowledge by obtaining industry-recognized certifications, including the NASP Certificate (National Association of Safety Professionals) and OSHA. These certifications not only strengthened my technical foundation but also instilled a strong sense of discipline and adaptability. Additionally, I earned a Cisco Introduction to Cybersecurity certification, which further solidified my interest in the field. My resourcefulness is evident in my eagerness to build on this foundation by pursuing advanced certifications such as Ethical Hacking and other professional cybersecurity credentials to enhance my expertise.

One of the most defining experiences of my undergraduate studies was my senior project, where I developed a machine learning-based software to predict past and future weather patterns using photovoltaic cells (solar panels). This project required extensive research and application of Scikit-learn, Keras, and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models. Despite facing technical and data-related challenges, I remained persistent, refining the model to ensure accurate predictions. This experience reinforced my ability to problem-solve, work independently, and apply innovative thinking to real-world challenges—skills that will be invaluable in graduate school.

Contributing to a Diverse Academic Community

Diversity in thought, background, and experience is crucial in the field of cybersecurity, where collaboration and shared knowledge drive innovation. Having worked on projects with peers from different cultural and academic backgrounds, I deeply appreciate the value of inclusive teamwork. My academic journey has exposed me to diverse research interests, particularly at the intersection of cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, and networking.

I have also been active in fostering collaborative learning environments by assisting peers in computer networking and fundamental computer retrieval concepts, both subjects in which I have certifications. By doing so, I developed strong communication skills and a passion for mentoring, which I plan to carry forward into graduate school. I am eager to contribute to Purdue’s academic community by engaging in research discussions, knowledge-sharing initiatives, and interdisciplinary collaborations that address modern cybersecurity challenges.

Moreover, I understand that cybersecurity plays a critical role in global safety and privacy, making it essential to approach problems from multiple perspectives. My multicultural background and exposure to different learning environments have equipped me with the adaptability and open-mindedness to thrive in a diverse academic setting. I look forward to exchanging ideas with scholars from varied disciplines, working toward innovative security solutions that protect digital infrastructure worldwide.

Optional: Addressing Academic Record Concerns

(If needed, you can include a response here addressing any concerns in your academic record. You might highlight specific challenges, personal circumstances, or external factors that impacted your performance, while emphasizing your growth, resilience, and improved academic trajectory.)

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This Personal History Statement effectively showcases your persistence, achievements, leadership in diverse teams, and readiness for graduate school. Let me know if you’d like any modifications or additions!

THESIS/ULW Requirements Generally
Each student must complete a substantial paper that, in the judgment of the reviewing professor:
Reflects substantial, thorough legal research;
Describes the status of the existing law;
Reflects competent clarity, organization, style, editing, and citation; and
Includes substantial, original, and competent analysis that evaluates the law and contributes to the discipline (e.g., a scholarly article, an amicus brief, or a practitioner’s guide, etc.).
Other Requirements
In addition to the above requirements:
The document must be no less than 5,000 words of text, exclusive of footnotes and endnotes; the paper requires at least 25 citations. The Citations should be in “bluebook” style.
The course is a constitutional law course.
In my rough draft/outline of the paper the professor provided feedback such as needing better citations, such as case law, state statutes, and academic sources. I also did not put any footnotes in my paper but tried to organize the sources at the bottom that i used in relation to the structure of the paper. for example sources under 1 used for body under 1. Additionally, the professor suggested to narrow the scope of my paper “You are out hunting the dog”.
Perhaps it is possible to include a 14th amendment equal protection or privileges and immunities analysis. I hope that helps.

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

To address your professor’s feedback and ensure that your paper aligns with the required standards, here’s a step-by-step guide to refine your thesis/ULW paper for your constitutional law course.

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1. Understanding the Thesis/ULW Paper Requirements

Your paper must meet the following criteria:

• Substantial Legal Research: This requires deep analysis and understanding of case law, state statutes, and academic sources.
• Current Status of the Law: Clearly state and explain the existing legal framework on the issue at hand.
• Clarity, Organization, and Citation: Ensure that your paper is clearly organized, professionally written, and uses proper citation (Bluebook style).
• Original Analysis: Include critical analysis and your own evaluation of the law—this should contribute to the legal discipline.

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2. Addressing the Feedback: Citations and Footnotes

Your professor’s feedback emphasized the need for stronger citations and footnotes. Here’s how to incorporate them:

Citations

• Case Law: Go back to your legal research and ensure that you include landmark cases that are relevant to your topic. Each major point or legal proposition should be backed up by case law to show the current standing of the law.
• State Statutes: When referring to specific state laws, cite the relevant statutes. These should be current and applicable to the topic you’re discussing.
• Academic Sources: Reference reputable academic journals, books, and articles to provide scholarly depth and credibility. Consider using articles that analyze constitutional law, the issue you are addressing, or judicial trends.

Footnotes

• Unlike an organized bibliography or reference list at the end, footnotes should appear at the bottom of each page when you reference a source within the text. This keeps your paper clean and allows your reader to easily verify the sources used.
• Each footnote should contain full citation details, including case name, volume number, and page number (for case law), statute name and section (for state laws), and publication details (for academic articles).

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3. Narrowing the Scope

Your professor’s comment, “You are out hunting the dog,” suggests that the topic may be too broad. To narrow the scope:

• Choose a Specific Issue: Instead of tackling a wide aspect of constitutional law, focus on one specific issue or case. For example, if your topic is about “freedom of speech,” narrow it down to something specific, like “freedom of speech on social media platforms.”
• Concentrate on Jurisprudence: Instead of discussing all aspects of a constitutional principle, concentrate on the way specific courts (e.g., Supreme Court) have handled cases related to your chosen issue.
• Consider Time Periods: If relevant, you can narrow your focus to a specific era of constitutional law or the interpretation of a specific clause over time.

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4. Organizing the Paper: Structure and Outline

Following a clear structure is key to producing a competent paper. Here’s a general outline to follow:

Introduction

• Briefly introduce the topic.
• Clearly state the thesis or central argument of the paper.
• Mention the legal questions and framework that will be discussed.

Part I: Status of Existing Law

• Provide a comprehensive overview of the current legal landscape, including case law and statutes.
• Identify the relevant constitutional principles, historical context, and how they have evolved.

Part II: Legal Analysis

• Critically analyze the law: How have courts interpreted and applied the law?
• Discuss any areas of ambiguity or differing opinions in the legal community.
• Evaluate how the law has developed and whether it requires reform.

Part III: Implications and Scholarly Contributions

• Evaluate the practical implications of the existing law on citizens, society, or government institutions.
• Discuss any scholarly viewpoints or debates surrounding the topic.
• Provide original commentary on how the law could be improved or how it might evolve.

Conclusion

• Summarize the key points made in your paper.
• Reiterate the significance of your analysis.
• Conclude with recommendations or considerations for future legal developments.

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5. Bluebook Citation Format

Since your paper requires Bluebook citations, here’s how to format them:

• Cases: Case Name, Volume Reporter Page (Court Year). Example: Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954).
• Statutes: Name of the Act, Title U.S.C. Section (Year). Example: Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2 (1964).
• Academic Articles: Author, Title of the Article, Volume Number Journal Name Page Number (Year). Example: John Doe, The Evolution of Constitutional Law, 45 Harvard Law Review 210 (2019).

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6. Final Review and Submission

• Word Count: Ensure your paper is at least 5,000 words, exclusive of footnotes and endnotes.
• Citations: Check that you have at least 25 citations from case law, state statutes, and academic sources. Ensure all are properly formatted in Bluebook style.
• Proofreading: Edit your paper for clarity, grammar, and style. Ensure your paper is well-organized and readable.
• Footnotes: Add footnotes for each source reference in the text.

By following these steps, you’ll improve your paper and meet your professor’s expectations. Keep refining your thesis and analysis, and make sure that your citations and footnotes are accurately applied. Good luck!

Visit (in-person or online) a cultural or historical museum that has exhibits connected to the subject of our course. Explain the significance of the exhibit(s) for African American History (between the years 1619-1877). Analyze what the exhibits offer, and whether they present material well or badly. What is missing? What should be improved? Write an essay of 400 to 500 words (footnotes don’t count toward the word total). Below is a list of approved museums for History 141 and History 142; for History 141 make certain that the museum or exhibit you want to review deals with the era before 1877. (If you are in History 142, make sure that the museum exhibit you want to write about deals with the era after 1865.) I am happy to learn about new exhibits and new sites! When writing the essay, work through the Writing Checklist Download Writing Checklist, and be sure to cite all sources of information you used to complete this assignment by using footnotes: VIDEO TUTORIAL – How to Do Chicago-Style Footnotes
List of Approved Museums.docx Download List of Approved Museums.docx
DUE – January 24 at 8:30 a.m. with a grace period until 9:00 a.m.
REMEMBER: Your paper must be formatted correctly. This means that it is in either Arial or Times New Roman font, at least 22-point font, and is double-spaced. At the top of your paper, include your full name, VCCS email, your course number and section (HIS 141 O01N), and the date that you’re turning in the assignment.

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

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Step 1: Choose Your Museum or Exhibit

• Begin by selecting a museum or exhibit that aligns with the subject matter of the course. For History 141, ensure the exhibit is focused on African American history before 1877.
• If you are studying History 142, ensure the exhibit focuses on African American history after 1865.
• Visit the museum either in person or online. Many museums offer virtual tours, which could be a helpful option.

Step 2: Gather Detailed Information on the Exhibit

• As you explore the exhibit, take note of the main themes, objects, and historical contexts it presents. What period of African American history is being highlighted? For the era of 1619-1877, this could include slavery, abolition, resistance movements, and the Civil War.
• Pay attention to:
  • Historical artifacts: Are there documents, photographs, or objects from the era?
  • Interpretive materials: Are there plaques, videos, or interactive elements that explain the significance of the exhibit?
  • Presentational style: How is the information presented (e.g., written text, multimedia, artifacts)? Is it engaging and easy to understand?

Step 3: Analyze the Significance of the Exhibit

• Reflect on the historical significance of the exhibit. How does it contribute to understanding African American history between 1619 and 1877?
  • Contextual importance: How does the exhibit illuminate important events such as slavery, emancipation, or the Civil War?
  • Representation: Does it provide a diverse range of African American experiences? For example, does it highlight the experiences of enslaved people, free Black people, abolitionists, and activists?

Step 4: Evaluate the Quality of the Exhibit

• Assess how well the museum presents its material:
  • Clarity: Is the information presented in an understandable and coherent way? Does it avoid jargon and provide enough context for visitors unfamiliar with the subject?
  • Depth: Does the exhibit provide enough depth on the subject? Is there a balance between general information and detailed insights?
  • Engagement: Are visitors likely to engage with the exhibit? Are there interactive elements or multimedia that enhance learning?

Step 5: Identify What Is Missing or Could Be Improved

• Reflect on any gaps in the exhibit. What might be missing in the presentation of African American history? Consider the following:
  • Underrepresented themes: Are there any critical events or experiences that the exhibit overlooks?
  • Diversity of perspectives: Does the exhibit focus solely on one aspect of African American history (e.g., slavery) and neglect others (e.g., cultural contributions, Black communities)?
  • Modern context: Does the exhibit tie historical themes to contemporary issues of racial justice and equality, or does it remain isolated in the past?

Step 6: Write Your Essay

• Organize your essay by addressing the following sections:
  1. Introduction: Briefly introduce the exhibit and its historical context.
  2. Analysis: Discuss the significance of the exhibit, what it offers in terms of African American history, and how well it presents the material.
  3. Critique: Identify any gaps, missing perspectives, or areas for improvement in the presentation.
  4. Conclusion: Summarize your overall impression of the exhibit, highlighting the strengths and areas for improvement.

Step 7: Cite Your Sources

• Be sure to cite all the sources you use to complete the assignment, whether they are from the museum’s website, books, articles, or other materials.
• Use Chicago-style footnotes for citing sources as instructed. Refer to the provided video tutorial to learn how to format your footnotes correctly.

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By following these steps, you’ll be able to write a well-structured and thoughtful essay that analyzes and critiques the museum exhibit related to African American history between 1619 and 1877. Just be sure to integrate specific examples from the exhibit and provide a balanced critique based on what you observed!

I need an 850-word abstract (introduction) for my paper.
The final essay will focus on the black dress depicted in John Singer Sargent’s painting Portrait of Madame X.
To help guide you, I am providing an assignment guideline, as well as the guidelines for the final paper (you don’t need to worry about the final paper itself, but these may offer useful direction).
Additionally, I am attaching quotes from Walter Benjamin that should be relevant to the discussion. (Convolute B: Fashion.” In The Arcades Project, translated by Howard Eiland and Kevin McLaughlin, paperback ed., 62-81.)
Please let me know if anything confuses you!
The guideline of this assignment(850words)
– This assignment will be the foundation for your final assessed essay. It has two components. 1) choose a single garment and list its dialectical tensions – meaning, identify the contradictory tendencies that are visible in the image. By ‘single garment’, we mean not a type of garment (the Chanel suit) but one individual unit of clothing as existing in a particular space and time (the Chanel suit worn by Jane Fonda, photographed by Carl Bruin at the Savoy Hotel in London in 1965). You may consider the garment itself as well as its frame in the constructed image (formal composition, etc.), as well as the wearer. 2) Select and compile at least five key quotes from the work of Walter Benjamin concerning fashion that we have discussed in class that have captured your attention. Try to organise these quotes into a sequence of ideas that makes sense to you.
The final paper is going to be like this
– This essay will build upon the foundational work of your research plan formative assignment. Drawing from assigned material, class discussion, and independent research, analyse a garment in relation to the dialectical image according to your personal understanding of this concept.
– Though Walter Benjamin never articulated this concept as a complete theoretical discourse, there are many fragmentary references to the dialectical image throughout his writings, even if these references do not necessarily add up to a concrete and coherent whole. The dialectical image is, therefore, speculative – a work in progress; but, it is this very incompletion and openness that may permit us to think through the questions that fashion unrelentingly raises: namely, the intimacy between the deeply contradictory currents of the assertion and subversion of power.
– In this essay, you are asked to develop your understanding of the dialectical image through references to Benjamin’s work, and to apply this understanding to the idea of fashion through a single garment of your choosing. Like Baudelaire’s argument in “The Painter of Modern Life,” the idea is that through the ephemeral, one may touch the eternal. In the particular, one may access the general. For our purposes, under close scrutiny the individual piece of clothing may reveal greater tendencies of fashion and culture.
– Though your essay will be grounded in one particular item you are encouraged to construct a greater picture of the idea of fashion in general. For example, from the specific instance of a garment –that is, this single garment as it appears at a specific moment in time – one may consider the type of garment (such as the miniskirt), the period(s) in which the garment was current, the individual or group with which it is associated, how it was received by popular culture, other specific examples of that garment type, the materials from which it is constructed, and how the image of that specific garment is mediated. Questions such as these, though not limited to these, should inform your argument.

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

Step 1: Understanding the Assignment

This foundational assignment is crucial for developing your final essay. You will focus on the black dress in John Singer Sargent’s Portrait of Madame X, analyzing its dialectical tensions and connecting your observations to Walter Benjamin’s ideas on fashion.

Step 2: Identifying Dialectical Tensions

Dialectical tensions refer to contradictory elements within the garment and its representation. Consider the following aspects:

1. Sensuality vs. Restraint – The gown’s cut and exposed skin contrast with its structured silhouette.
2. Timelessness vs. Ephemerality – The dress appears classic yet tied to a specific historical moment.
3. Public vs. Private Persona – The wearer’s poised stance versus the controversy it generated.
4. Luxury vs. Accessibility – The dress signifies high fashion and exclusivity, yet it influenced future trends.
5. Artifice vs. Naturalness – The deliberate pose and constructed image contrast with the organic flow of fabric.

Step 3: Selecting and Organizing Benjamin’s Quotes

Select at least five quotes from Walter Benjamin’s The Arcades Project that resonate with the above tensions. Arrange them in a logical sequence, such as:

1. Fashion as a historical construct – How garments reflect their time yet transcend it.
2. The fleeting nature of trends – The paradox of newness in fashion.
3. The commodity fetishism of clothing – How garments become symbols of desire.
4. The relationship between clothing and identity – How fashion shapes self-presentation.
5. The role of photography and imagery in fashion – How mediation affects perception.

Step 4: Structuring Your Paper

Your assignment should be structured as follows:

1. Introduction
   • Introduce Portrait of Madame X and its significance.
   • Briefly define dialectical tensions and their relevance to fashion.
   • State your thesis on how the black dress embodies these tensions.
2. Dialectical Analysis of the Dress
   • Analyze the garment itself (material, cut, color, texture).
   • Consider the wearer (Madame Gautreau) and the constructed image.
   • Discuss the social and cultural reception of the dress.
3. Integration of Benjamin’s Ideas
   • Use your selected quotes to support your analysis.
   • Draw connections between the dress and broader fashion concepts.
4. Conclusion
   • Summarize key findings.
   • Reflect on how the specific garment offers insights into fashion and culture.
   • Pose questions for further exploration in your final essay.

Step 5: Writing Tips

• Maintain a clear and academic tone.
• Use evidence from the painting and Benjamin’s text.
• Organize ideas cohesively and ensure logical flow.
• Proofread for clarity and coherence.

By following this structured approach, you will lay a strong foundation for your final essay while effectively engaging with the themes of fashion, history, and representation.