Category: Government homework help

****ANSWER POST 250 WORDS MIN****
 
Discussion Questions: 1) In your own words, construct an overview of the critical information sector you choose for this discussion. 
2) Examine at least three of the following:
Unique aspects as they relate to national security
Risks/threats/hazards/vulnerabilities related to national security
Potential countermeasures/mitigations related to the continuity of operations
Minimizing disruption and improving first responder safety
Cross-sector dependencies/interdependencies 
3) Give your opinion on how either a physical attack, a cyber event, or a natural disaster could impact critical infrastructure.
****REPLY TO EACH POST 100 WORDS MIN EACH****
 
1.This has truly been a busing week, and it is not over yet. I look forward to your comments and feedback.
The critical infrastructure sectors are composed of 16 sectors. The water and wastewater sector play a vital role in the success of sectors such as the Chemical Sector, which uses water to produce materials such as microchips, broadband devices, and solar panels; the Commercial Facilities Sector uses water in cooling plates; Communications relies on electricity which relies on hydropower, which is produced by water, Dams Sector and levees are used to manage water, the Energy Sector uses water for cooling plant systems, Food and Agriculture Sector use water in product productions and farming, Information Technology Sector uses water in a variety of way.
These 16 sectors are called out in Presidential Policy Directive 21 (PPD-21) as being vital to the United States and its citizens, and they should be provided support to ensure their operations, security, and resiliency to minimize any long-term disruption that could cause harm to human life, supply chain, economic secure or national security. This is the role and effort that the SRMAs put forth.
The water and wastewater sector have several interdependences that rely on its services, such as electricity, healthcare, IT services, and transportation, and dependencies, such as the chemical sector that provides chemicals to water treatment facilities that are used to manage the quality of the water or used to treat the wastewater. If any or all were interrupted by natural weather events such as hurricanes or manmade incidents such as nation-state-directed cyber-attacks for an extended period, it could have debilitating effects within the sectors, consequences in other sectors, and psychological impacts on the population.
The mitigation and other measures to minimize the effects of natural and manmade incidents is an effort that has been taken on by the SRMAs, the Government Coordinating Council (GCC), private sector owners and operators, and the Sector Coordinating Counsel, as well as a few other advisory committees and efforts. The goal is to increase the amount of information sharing and, at the same time, allow for the American system of free enterprise to flourish.  
The Emergency Services Sector (ESS) is one of the few sectors that deals with incidents firsthand and on a daily basis. All incidents originate at the local level, making it critical to keep first responders informed, well-equipped, and prepared to deal with any incidents they may encounter. This sector receives support from DHS Science and Technology (S&T) and DHS Information and Analysis (I&A). The ability to learn from emerging threats within the United States or over-the-horizon threats seen first overseas is critical to ensuring the safety of first responders.
The continued effort and expertise the private sector owners and operators bring to the table to help the government better understand their needs before and during an incident. They are vital to incident notification, response, and swift recovery from any incident that might have to be faced.
 
2.Unique aspects related to national security can vary due to evolving threats and geopolitical dynamics. There are several common unique aspects that are relevant to national security considerations like cultural diversity, location, cyber security, economic interdependence, border security, nuclear weapons, treaties, asymmetric threats. Technological improvements and intelligence. National security considerations are shaped by its unique combination of these and other factors. Effective national security strategies require a comprehensive understanding of these aspects and the ability to adapt to changing circumstances and emerging threats.
Risks, threats, hazards, and vulnerabilities related to national security encompass a wide range of potential challenges that can impact a country’s stability and well-being. Risks in the context of national security refer to potential events or developments that could have adverse effects on a country’s security. These risks can be both internal and external and may include economic risks, political risks, environmental risks, and more.
Threats are specific entities or conditions that pose a direct danger to a country’s national security. They can be state or non-state actors and can take various forms, such as military threats, cyber threats, terrorism, or espionage. Threats often involve hostile intent or actions. Examples of threats include rival nations, terrorist organizations, and cyber criminals.
Hazards typically refer to natural or environmental events that can cause significant harm to a country’s population, infrastructure, or resources. While not always malicious, hazards can have profound national security implications. Examples of hazards include natural disasters like earthquakes, hurricanes, pandemics, and environmental pollution.
Vulnerabilities are weaknesses that can be exploited by threats to undermine national security. These vulnerabilities can be found in a country’s infrastructure, institutions, or policies. Identifying and addressing vulnerabilities is crucial to reducing the impact of potential threats and hazards. Examples of vulnerabilities include outdated critical infrastructure, inadequate cyber security measures, and ineffective border controls.
Minimizing disruption and improving first responded safety are critical aspects of national security, especially during emergencies, disasters, and crisis situations. Some ways to achieve this objective are preparedness and training, technology and equipment, talking to the community, infrastructure resilience and information sharing, risk assessment and mitigation, resource allocation, and public alerts.

What is the Texas model? How does it impact public policy in Texas? 
Texas is generally agreed to have a regressive tax system. What are the strengths and weaknesses of this approach? Do you agree with the Texas model? Why or why not?
500 words or more 
lecture notes attached 

 
Read the following website https://www.scholastic.com/parents/family-life/parent-child/moving-day-preparing-children-big-move.html and apply a social process theory to further explain the challenges for a child adapting to the transition of moving. Make sure to discuss the theory in detail. 

I am attaching the template to use for information memo use HQDA 25-52 pg 47 for the information template to follow in the template attached talking about the facts about Tuition Assistance in the Army

  I am attaching the template to use please follow instructions provided as well as instructions in the power point attached also I am attaching the PDFs for memorandum writing AR 25-50 and HQDA 25-52
1. Purpose. To provide students the opportunity to understand how to create an effective response to a Congressional Inquiry.
2. Requirements:
a. The memorandum must be no more than one page. 
Letterhead: 
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY 
369TH ADJUTANT GENERAL BATTALION
2306 MAGRUDER AVENUE
FORT JACKSON, SC 29207-7025
    b.  The draft response will be for your Battalion Commander’s review (LTC Patrick A. Lanier).    
c.  The memorandum must be submitted in accordance with the assignment review cycle
3. Situation: Situation: On 14 June 2020, PFC Kirk Palla submitted a concern to his Congressman (Congressman Dan Crenshaw: 1849 Kingwood Dr. Ste. 100 Kingwood, TX 77339-1234) regarding the denial of his request to take a four day pass over a normal weekend, to include Friday and Monday. He firmly believes that he deserves the pass because he has not received any disciplinary action since arriving to the unit one year ago. He has 75 days of accrued leave, and his commander, CPT John Rambo, denied his pass and told the Soldier to take leave instead. CPT Rambo’s response stated that since the Soldier has 75 days of accrued leave and there are only two months left prior to the end of the FY, he needed to use 20 more days of leave prior to the end of the FY.  
Reference:  AR 25-50
HQDA Policy Notice 25-52
*If information conflicts between figures and written directions, utilize written directions. 

 I attached the template to use for the personal recommendation memorandum called Department of the Army Letterhead please follow the AR 25-50 on how the spacing is  
I would suggest that you start by writing a memorandum for record (MFR) that includes the following information:
The name of the officer you are recommending.
The reason why you are recommending them.
A brief summary of their qualifications.
A brief summary of their accomplishments.
Any other information that you think is relevant.
You can then use this MFR as the basis for your memorandum recommending CPT Steven Higgins for the Army Congressional Fellowship.
1.  Purpose:  The purpose of this assignment is for students to generate a recommendation memorandum on behalf of their brigade commander in a clear, concise format. This memorandum will reinforce effective communications and their ability to utilize the HRC website. 
2.  Requirements:
     a.  Students must write memorandum recommending CPT Steven Higgins, the Operations Officer for HHC, 130th Engineer Brigade, for the Army Congressional Fellowship.
     b.  The memorandum must be no more than one full page in length.
     c.  The memorandum must detail why the individual is qualified for selection for the broadening opportunity. 
3.  The memorandum must be submitted in accordance with the assignment review cycle,
Reference: AR 25-50; DA Letterhead Instructions 
     BOP Catalog 2023
 
General Information for Personal Recommendation Memo:
CPT Higgins is assigned to 130th Engineer Brigade, 8th Theater Sustainment Command, Schofield Barracks, HI 96786-3730. Your Brigade Commander is Ted Lasso, COL, Engineer, Commanding (hint, COL in CDRs signature block, office symbol is “APTS-ENG-CO”).
Use the message with regard to the Army Congressional Fellowship (http://www.hrc.army.mil/bop).
Memorandum format is highlighted in the Broadening Opportunity Programs (B.O.P.), use catalog 2023.
Utilize the attributes within the B.O.P. Catalog that are outlined when crafting your response.  
CPT Higgins was previously the Sapper Company Commander. He is now currently assigned as the Operations Officer.
CPT Higgins has received 4 out of 5 Most Qualified OERs, scored 500+ on every ACFT he has taken and was recently rated the best CPT in the brigade while serving as the Sapper Company Commander.
KNOW YOUR AUDIENCE and what they want!
Writing in Active Voice does not mean you are writing in incomplete sentences.  
Avoid being “too poetic”, remember clear and concise.
You are “ghost writing” for your brigade commander, think third person. 
You are the Brigade Strength Manager for this organization.
Use the official letter head found on apd.army.mil.
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
130TH ENGINEER BRIGADE
310 BRANNON AVE
SCHOFIELD BARRACKS, HI 96786-3730
Reference: AR 25-50; DA Letterhead Instructions; B.O.P. 2023 Catalog (I am adding as PDF it will be the 2024 BOP Catalog Chapter 4 Army Congressional Fellowship, page 6)
 
2023 BOP Catalog
https://www.hrc.army.mil/content/Broadening%20Opportunity%20Programs%20Building%20a%20cohort%20of%20leaders%20that%20allow%20the%20Army%20to%20succeed%20at%20all%20levels%20in%20all%20environments
Reference: AR 25-50; DA Letterhead Instructions

 I am attaching the memo to use as well as the pdfs ar 25-50 page 13 please follow its a leadership philosophy memorandum as a battalion s1.
 Army Regulation 25–50 
Purpose:  The purpose of this assignment is to provide students with the opportunity to develop their leadership philosophy prior to arriving at their first position in the Army. 
2.  Requirements:
     a.  Students must write an memorandum addressing what they believe are the most important ideals and values that must be upheld within their unit/section.
     b. Students will write the memorandum as if they are the Battalion S1 in their current/future unit.  
     c.  The memorandum must be no less than one full page but no more than two pages in length.
Reference: AR 25-50; DA Letterhead Instructions
     DA Letterhead
     https://armypubs.army.mil/Tools/PubsResources.aspx

Do not use any black, white or black in any slide. Be creative and make sure you insert pictures. Make sure to use Rubric for the assignment. Short, concise and straight to the main points. More than 3 different points.
See the attached Rubric.

Other than military, what are some resources of power? What does bipolarity mean in international relationships? How do realists and liberals differ? What does feminist theory bring to the study of international relationships? 

****ANSWER POST 250 WORDS MIN***
 Discussion Questions: Describe “Smart Borders” in the context of detection capability? Examine Intellectual Property (IP) theft/violations and the economic impact of border security in 2022? What can be done to address the Chinese efforts at wholesale IP theft? 
****REPLY TO EACH POST 100 WORDS MIN EACH****
 
1. “Smart Borders” describes the application of cutting-edge technologies and data-driven strategies to improve border crossing detection capabilities. Enhance border security and enable effective and secure flow of products and people. It involves deploying technology, including biometrics, video surveillance, artificial intelligence, and data analytics. Smart Borders seek to improve border security measures while reducing obstructions to lawful trade and travel. Smart Borders use various technologies to identify potential dangers and risks at border crossings in the context of detection capability. By examining distinctive physical or behavioural traits like fingerprints, facial features, or iris patterns, for instance, biometric technologies can be used to verify people’s identities (Minkyu, 2023). Advanced analytics-enabled video surveillance systems can assist in monitoring and analyzing real-time footage to find suspicious activity or unauthorized border crossings. Large amounts of data can be processed using analytics to spot patterns, alert to risks, and flag anomalies.
Border control is crucial in preventing the import or export of counterfeit goods and safeguarding intellectual property rights regarding intellectual property theft and violations. IP theft is the illegal use, duplication, or distribution of works protected by copyright, trademarks, or patents. This kind of theft has a significant financial impact on global economies and industries. Consumer trust is undermined by counterfeit products, which also lead to lost sales, job losses, and a decline in innovation (Minkyu, 2023). By using cutting-edge technologies for spotting fake goods, Smart Borders can help fight IP theft. For example, more advanced scanning technologies can spot inconsistencies in product packaging, labelling, or legitimacy. Collaboration and data sharing between border agencies, law enforcement, and owners of intellectual property rights can also aid in effectively locating and seizing counterfeit goods. Countries may improve border security, defend legitimate firms, and protect their economies by utilizing Smart Borders and combating intellectual property theft. In order to combat IP theft and lessen its financial impact, effective detection capabilities and global collaboration are crucial.
 
2. Smart Borders is an enhanced way of protecting the United States border. Instead of the stereotypical wall or personnel, it uses modern technology such as inspection technology and traffic management to help protect the southern border.  A better explanation would be “Made up of a patchwork of tools like drones and sensors”(Ghaffary 2020). 
In the same article, it discusses that due to the technological advancements at the border, immigrants are going on more dangerous routes to not be detected, in case makes the probability of death higher. 
With modern technology emerging, cyber attacks and crimes are just as significant compared to visible crimes. Intellectual property is a product that was created online, this could range from music to fighter jets. 
The economical impact of Intellectual Property being stolen varies. But looking towards the very negative side, it was discussed in the lesson that if there was a vulnerability in our network to which adversaries could look at the technology implemented at the border, adversaries could find ways to exploit the system. Another example would be the new fifth generation fighter aircraft. I personally have experience with this because even though China has replicated the F-35, there are still some classified materials on the aircraft that makes it impossible in my career field to respond to an aircraft accident involving the F-35. The reason it ties into this is because in incidents, we take pictures of the scene to give a common operating picture for wigs. But as responders, we can’t take pictures because of the “What if?” possibility that our intellectual property could be stolen and recreated with our adversaries.
Inside the Department of Homeland Security, there is a sub group called the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, called CISA.
CISA’s main job is to protect and mitigate cyber threats. Apart of that is protecting United States Intellectual Property from China. 
Ways to combat this type of crime is to focus on cyber security and to give information on a “Need to Know” basis. Such as sensitive information not being passed around. The United States saw this with that 19 year old kid and the Ukraine war. The Airman was able to leak information that should have been not authorized for him to see.
Pretty much using mitigation techniques known in cyber security and practicing good habits are going to be the best way to protect Intellectual Property from United States Adversaries.