Category: Chemistry homework help

Topic: Why certain molecules are able to cross the blood brain or placental barrier or skin while others are not (CO8)
Outcomes: CO 8: Differentiate the common classes of organic functional groups and identify the appropriate common or IUPAC names, applications, and chemical structures for simple organic.

Initial Post Instructions
The Discussions in this course are set up deepen your understanding of the material as you make real world connections and employ creative thinking. To get the most from these discussions, full engagement is expected on the part of the student. Be sure to stop by the discussion section frequently, not only to post, but to read the postings of your peers and instructor. Engaging with your peers and learning together is key to this experience. For your initial post, choose one of the options below:
Option 1:
While we often think of radiation as dangerous, radioactive isotopes are widely used in the field of healthcare as well as in many other fields. For your initial post, choose a radioactive isotope used in healthcare or another field and report on how your isotope is used. Be sure to answer both of the following questions as part of your initial post:
What type(s) of radioactive decay does your isotope undergo?
How is your isotope used?
Use at least one outside source and cite in APA format.
Option 2:
Radiation comes in many different forms. We are exposed to many types of radiation each day, not only form the technology that surrounds us, but also from natural sources. Choose a source of radiation that a peer has not already chosen and discuss each of the following as part of your initial post:
Is the radiation ionizing or nonionizing?
Is the radiation released from this source expected to be dangerous? Why or why not?
Is this source of radiation natural or artificial?
Are there any applications for this type of radiation?
Use at least one outside source and cite in APA format.

Iodine-131(I-131 or RAI) is a radioactive isotope commonly used in the treatment of thyroid cancer. It is used for its specific affinity for the thyroid gland, which allows it to be targeted to treat thyroid cancer cells. I-131 is a form of internal radiation and there are precautions taken to avoid radiation exposure to others. After undergoing treatment, patients are instructed to isolate themselves for a short period of time from family, friends, and the general public. I-131 has a half-life of 8 days and decays by beta-particle and gamma emissions.
References
National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH). (2018, April 4). Radioisotope Brief: Iodine-131 (I-131). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/radiation/emergencies/isotopes/iodine.htmLinks to an external site.
Mumtaz, M., Lin, L. S., Hui, K. C., & Mohd Khir, A. S. (2009). Radioiodine I-131 for the therapy of graves’ disease. The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS, 16(1), 25–33.

Hello Everyone,
I chose combination 
Compound: CaO
Mass: 7 g
Volume: 14 L
1) % mass/volume concentration
Formula for % mass/volume concentration is given by
% mass/volume concentration = ( mass of solute in gram / volume of solution in mL) * 100
% mass/volume concentration = ( 7 / 14000) * 100
% mass/volume concentration = 0.05 %
2) Molarity 
Molar mass of solute = 56.0774 gram/mole
Number of mole of solute present in solution = mass of solute / molar mass of solute
=7 / 56.0774
= 0.1248
Molarity = Number of mole of solute / volume of solution in liter
Molarity = 0.1248 / 14
Molarity =0.0089 M
3) Osmolarity
Formula for Osmolarity is given by
Osmolarity = Molarity * g
where g = number of particle in solution ( for CaO g = 2) 
Osmolarity = 0.0089 * 2
Osmolarity = 0.0178 osM
Reference:
Bauer, R. C., Birk, J. P., & Marks, P. (2019). Introduction to chemistry. McGraw-Hill Education.
How can molarity and osmolarity be calculated from M/V?: Socratic. Socratic.org. (2014, May 19). https://socratic.org/questions/how-can-molarity-and-osmolarity-be-calculated-from-m-v#:~:text=Molarity%20is%20the%20number%20of,in%201.00%20L%20of%20solution.

Please complete the following steps for your discussion post and response.
Choose a drug or vitamin of interest
Using PowerPoint, insert the structure of your compound.
Using the DRAW feature of PowerPoint, identify the functional groups by circling or highlighting them and label each functional group.  Here are videos for help with drawing in PowerPoint
Find the molecule’s function and relate it to the functional group(s) they have. (i.e., How does the structure of the molecule relate to its function?)
Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with citations and references in APA format.

Please respond to the following questions based on these course objectives:
Explain basic atomic structure.
Interpret the Periodic Table of Elements.
Analyze the principles of chemical reactions.
Apply the scientific method to experimental data.
Apply principles of measurement.
Questions
For each learning objective, provide an analysis of how the course supported each objective.
Explain how the material learned in this course, based on the objectives, will apply to your professional career.
Reflections
Reflect back on your journey through this course and answer the following:
What topic in the course did you find most interesting and applicable?
What are your thoughts on your learning in the course?
Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with citations and references in APA format.

Look around your house or work for a medicine requiring dosage instructions.
Discuss the medicine’s name, use, concentration, or dosage.
Include a picture of the active ingredient in the drug.
Derive and solve a dosage problem based on the medicine that you choose.

For example, your physician ordered 2.4 g of folic acid. Folic acid is available at 800 mg per tablet. How many tablets should be taken?
Substitute your medicine to create your own problem and then solve it.
Make sure to show your work.

Lastly, create a dosage problem for a classmate to solve.  Do not solve it yourself.
Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with citations and references in APA format.

Find 5 foods you eat regularly and determine the kilocalorie content according to the number of servings you eat at a time.
Use this information to calculate the calories and joules.
How do food scientists determine the number of kilocalories that are reported on food labels?
How does your body use this energy?
Explain if your body is able to use all of the energy.

Acids and bases can be found in many places, including the kitchen. Acids like lemon juice can make foods taste sour. Basic or alkaline foods such as peas or almonds may have more of a bland taste.  As we’ve learned this week, an acid donates a proton, and a base will accept a proton.
Choose three foods that you can find in your kitchen.
Describe how the food tastes, smells, and looks.
Using this week’s resource, what is the pH of the food you’ve consumed, and how do they contribute to the acidity or alkalinity of the body? Specifically, discuss an organ or system in the body. You should include outside resources and cite them according to APA.
Are there specific conditions that might benefit from consuming more acidic foods or alkaline foods?
Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with citations and references in APA format.

Compare (similarities) and contrast (differences) ionic and covalent bonding.
Make sure to discuss the valence electrons and electronegativity of the atoms involved.
Give an example of a molecule formed with each type of bonding. In your example, give the chemical formula and the IUPAC name of each molecule.
Finally, list 1 additional ionic and 1 additional covalent molecule, but don’t indicate which is ionic and which is covalent.
Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with citations and references in APA format.