(African-American Vernacular English)
For this topic, create a paper about the phonemic inventory of an English dialect. Make sure you include ALL of the following information.
Briefly discuss the variety’s background, including places where it is predominantly spoken and approximate population of speakers.
Using the IPA chart as a template, create a consonant chart containing the phonemic (i.e. contrastive) consonants of the dialect.
Using the IPA chart as a template, create a vowel chart containing the phonemic (i.e. contrastive) vowels of the dialect.
Discuss the major phonetic alternations that differentiate the dialect from Standard American English. Be sure to include details like: Are there any contrasts in Standard English which are not contrastive in the dialect, or vice versa? How does the dialect handle /r/? Are there any major alternations that differ from Standard English (e.g. does it contain an intervocalic flap like SAE, or a glottal stop, etc.)? Is the distribution of the vowels the same as Standard English (e.g. Northeastern American English contains the “aw” sound, but the rest of the American dialects don’t)? Have any of the vowels merged or shifted considerably? For example, the Northern Cities vowel shift has caused all of the vowels in the dialect to shift around. Words normally pronounced with a mid central schwa or wedge like busses are pronounced in this dialect with a low back unrounded vowel. So what SAE produces as [bʌsɨz] is produced as [bɑsɨz] in this dialect. Consider what makes the dialect phonetically different from Standard American English. Are there any know prosodic or suprasegmental features which contribute to the “accent” or general sound of the dialect? Some of this information leans into phonology – that’s ok, focus on it from a phonetic point of view. That is to say, you must explain the ways in which your chosen dialect sounds different (i.e. the phonetic differences), but you do not have to explain why it sounds different (i.e. the phonological mechanisms).
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