I need one response to each peer, must icinlcude references Geraldine:Qualitativ

I need one response to each peer, must icinlcude references
Geraldine:Qualitative data is narrative, reflective, or anecdotal information and requires judgment to interpret the data. It answers clinical questions about the human experience (Cadge et al., 2021). Answering this type of question can provide clinicians with the answer to “how” and “why” for practice, whereas answering the questions that require quantitative evidence can give that answer to “what.” Qualitative research can also help clinicians understand clinical phenomena, emphasizing the understanding of the patient’s experience and the patient’s valued preferences (Melnyk et al., 2023). Albers (2017) says quantitative data/ study collects numerical data that must be analyzed to help draw the study’s conclusions. Quantitative data analysis is not teaching number crunching but a way of critical thinking for analyzing the data.
If I were to relate to my picot question: In congestive heart failure (CHF) patients (P), How does self-care education program prior to discharge (I) compared to standard discharge education (C) affect 30-day hospital readmission rates (O) within three months of intervention (T)? One of the articles I read about self-care education and congestive heart failure was a study by Radhakrishnan et al. (2021) where a quantitative study was used using phone interviews, guided by the framework of vulnerability analysis for sustainability, to explore heart failure self-care among older adults in central Texas during the late spring of 2020. Sedlar et al. (2021) used qualitative and quantitative data analysis to study self-care perception and behavior in patients with heart failure. A quantitative study using the European self-care behavior Scale (EHFScBS-9) (n = 80; NYHA II–III, mean age 72 ± 10 years, 58% male) and a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews. Both qualitative and quantitative data can be used in studies.
References:
Albers, M. J. (2017). Quantitative Data Analysis—In the Graduate Curriculum. Journal of Technical Writing and Communication, 47(2), 215–233.https://doi.org/10.1177/ 0047281617692067
Cadge, W., Lewis, M., Bandini, J., Shostak, S., Donahue, V., Trachtenberg, S., Grone, K., Kacmarek, R., Lux, L., Matthews, C., McAuley, M. E., Romain, F., Snydeman, C., Tehan, T., & Robinson, E. (2021). Intensive care unit nurses living through COVID-19: A qualitative study. Journal of Nursing Management, 29(7), 1965–1973.https://doi.org/10.1111 /jonm.13353
Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2023). Evidence-based Practice in Nursing & Healthcare A Guide to Best Practice. Wolters Kluwer.
Radhakrishnan, K. M. F., Allen, C., DeMain, A. S., & Park, L. M. F.-B. F. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on Heart Failure Self-Care: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 36(6), 609–617. https://doi-org.libauth.purdueglobal.edu/10.1097/JCN.0000000000000794
Sedlar N, Lainscak M, Farkas J. Self-care perception and behavior in patients with heart failure: A qualitative and quantitative study. ESC heart failure. 2021;8(3):2079-2088.doi:10.1002/ ehf2.13287
Kelsy:Healthcare is a science. Clinicians strive to ensure good outcomes for patients and evidence-based practice provides a means to meet that goal. Most often, we utilize the EBP process to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention or course of treatment. Quantitative data provides the “numbers” to justify what clinicians should do (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2023). When our PICOT question aims to ask if a particular intervention is the best practice, we can quantify the outcomes to make a clinical decision. Qualitative data is often considered “weaker evidence” but can be used to answer the how and why regarding clinical practice questions. This type of research can help clinicians understand patient preferences and experiences (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2023).
Clinical Question
P – Women with postpartum depression
I – Treatment including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
C – Usual treatment (without CBT)
O – Improved depression scores
T – Six months
Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt (2023) note that RCTs are the strongest research design to evaluate an intervention. Therefore, I have spent most of my time searching for and analyzing RCTs and systematic reviews of RCTs to answer my clinical question as this is the strongest level of evidence to answer my clinical question. The quantitative data in these studies would include the depression scores of postpartum patients. The scores of both the intervention and control group at baseline and during/following treatment allow me to analyze if there is a statistically significant improvement in depression screen scores.
While science often relies on objective data provided in quantitative research to determine the effectiveness of interventions and treatments, I also believe that subjective data is important in the field of psychology and mental health. The Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is the most used screening tool in pregnancy and postpartum and is also used in evaluating other populations undergoing treatment for depression. This 10-question tool allows the clinician to score the patients’ responses to how they have felt over the seven days (Qiu, et. al., 2023). This tool provides a means for quantifying self-reported subjective data.
Following a previous quantitative evaluation of telephone-provided CBT for postpartum women, Ngai & Chan (2019) agreed that “complex interventions” should also be qualitatively evaluated so they arranged semi-structured interviews of the women who had previously received the CBT intervention. The data collected was reviewed and coded by independent researchers and outlined four main themes including benefits, facilitators, barriers, and suggestions for improvement.
While quantitative data (EPDS scores) can help present hard evidence to answer my PICOT question in determining if my intervention (CBT) may be best practice, I do think it is important for me to also consider the qualitative data. It is valuable to know whether my proposed intervention is perceived as beneficial to my patient population. And for my PICOT question specifically, I must remember that CBT can be offered in a variety of ways – online, in person, by phone, individually vs. group setting – so patient preference is also important, as well as potential barriers to obtaining my proposed intervention.
Kelcy Waite
References
Melnyk, B. M. & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2023). Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing & Healthcare (5th ed.). Wolters Kluwer
Ngai, F. W., & Chan, P. S. (2019). A qualitative evaluation of telephone-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for postpartum mothers. Clinical Nursing Research, 28(7), 852–868. https://doi-org.libauth.purdueglobal.edu/10.1177/1…
Qiu, X., Wu, Y., Sun, Y., Levis, B., Tian, J., Boruff, J. T., Cuijpers, P., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Markham, S., Ziegelstein, R. C., Vigod, S. N., Benedetti, A., Thombs, B. D., the DEPRESsion Screening Data (DEPRESSD) EPDS Group, He, C., Krishnan, A., Bhandari, P. M., Neupane, D., Negeri, Z., & Imran, M. (2023). Individual participant data meta-analysis to compare EPDS accuracy to detect major depression with and without the self-harm item. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 1–12. https://doi-org.libauth.purdueglobal.edu/10.1038/s…
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