Write a paraphrase / detailed summary of the following article on American Chinese food (the essay should also appear in the “files” section of Canvas if you find it easier to look at that way). You may use a translator if needed. The paraphrase should be at least 3/4 page long (double-spaced) and up to one full page long.
Remember: **FULLY INTRODUCE the article (use the templates provided in the Pages section of Canvas if needed).
**Put the article in your own words, being careful to identify the main ideas and most important examples.
**If you copy any more than a word or two of the article, be sure to put it in quotation marks.
**Let the reader know that you are still summarizing by including cues such as “Rude goes on to explain…..”
Templates for Introducing Quotations and Summaries
“They Say, I Say” templates
Adapted from They Say, I Say: The Moves that Matter in Academic Writing, by Gerald Graff and Cathy Birkenstein.
Introducing what “They Say”
A number of ______________ have recently suggested that _______________.
It has become common today to dismiss _____________________.
In their recent work, Y and Z have offered harsh critiques of _______________.
Introducing “Standard Views”
Americans today tend to believe that __________________.
Conventional wisdom has it that _______________________.
Common sense seems to dictate that _____________________.
It is often said that ________________________.
Many people assume that ____________________.
Making What “The Say” Something You Say
I’ve always believed that _____________.
When I was a child, I used to think that _________________.
Although I should know better by now, I cannot help thinking that ____________.
Introducing Something Implied or Assumed
Although X does not say so directly, she apparently assumes that ________________.
While they rarely admit as much, _______________ often take for granted that ________________.
Introducing an Ongoing Debate
In discussions of X, one controversial issue has been _______________. One the one hand, __________ argues ___________________. On the other hand, _______________ contends ____________. Others even maintain _____________________. My own view is ______________.
When it comes to the topic of ____________________, most of us will readily agree that ______________. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of _____________. Whereas some are convinced that ___________, others maintain that _______________.
Capturing Authorial Action:
X acknowledges that ___________. X agrees that ______________.
X argues that ___________. X claims that ________________.
X denies / does not deny that _______________.
X complains that ___________________. X concedes that _____________.
X demonstrates that ________________. X emphasizes that ______________.
X insists that _________________. X suggests that _____________________.
X urges us to ____________________.
Introducing quotations:
X states, “_____________.” In X-s view, “____________.”
According to X. “_________________.”
In her book, _________________, X maintains that “___________________.”
X complicates things further when he writes, “__________________,”
Explaining Quotations:
Basically, X is saying ___________________.
In other words, X believes _________________.
In making his comment,, X urges us to ________________.
X’s point is that _____________.
The essence of X’s argument is that __________________.
Disagreeing, with Reasons:
I think X is mistaken because he overlooks ____________.
I disagree with X’s view that _____________, because, as recent research has shown, _________________.
By focusing on __________________, X overlooks the deeper problem of ______________.
Agreeing, with Reasons:
I agree that __________ because my experience _________ confirms it.
X’s theory of ____________ is extremely useful because it sheds insight on the difficult problem of ____________.
Signaling Who is Saying What:
X argues _________.
According to both X and Y, ______________.
Politicians ____________________, X argues, should ___________________.
Most athletes will tell you that ________________.
My own view, however, is _________________.
But X is wrong that __________________.
However, it is simply not true that __________________.
Nevertheless, new research shows ___________________.
Anyone familiar with _____________ should agree that ______________.
Introducing Possible Objections:
Here, many feminists would probably object that ________________.
Biologists, of course, may want to question whether _____________.
Some Christians are likely to object on the grounds that ______________.
Introducing Summaries and Paraphrase:
Verbs expressing agreement:
Acknowledge
Admire
Agree
Endorse
Praise
Verbs for making a claim:
Argue
Assert
Believe
Claim
Emphasize
Insist
Observe
Remind
Suggest
Report
the summary https://courses.lumenlearning.com/englishcomp1v2xm…
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“A Very Brief History of Chinese Food in America”
(from Time Magazine)
by Emelyn Rude
February 8, 2016
In the United States, the Chinese diaspora celebrates with parades, firecrackers and, of course, delicious food. Among the largest Spring Festival celebrations in the country is the one held every year in San Francisco, the city with the biggest and oldest Chinatown in the United States. It was here that Americans were first introduced to what is now one of their favorite cuisines—but the delicious food that might be eaten during this week’s festival had a long and often difficult time getting there.
In 1849, the rumors of gold nuggets that drew thousands of East Coast get-rich-quick hopefuls out to California during the Gold Rush also resonated across the Pacific with the merchants of Canton in South ChinaLinks to an external site.. For centuries, the rich Chinese port city had been a center of international trade and commerce, and its entrepreneurial classes immediately saw the opportunity that glittered in the San Francisco Bay. The first Chinese immigrants to this region of the United States went into the lucrative business of providing services for the miners as traders, grocers, merchants and restaurant owners. This initial group of migrants encouragedLinks to an external site. later waves of Chinese emigrants eager to mine the hills themselves or become pioneer agricultural laborers. All of these workers were undoubtedly also hungry for good Chinese cooking that reminded them of land they had left behind.
By the mid-19th century, the United States had what could be called a fledgling restaurant culture at best, while much of China had had many centuries worth of experience in hospitality. Needless to say, those who frequented the earliest Chinese restaurants in San Francisco were impressed by the establishments’ cleanliness and professionalism. . . . . Distinguished by what one 1850 article described as “long three-cornered flags of yellow silk”Links to an external site. that were typically hung outside, Chinese-owned eating houses were known to serve some of the best food in the city. Their cheap prices also made their appeal to young and hungry 49-ersLinks to an external site. of all backgrounds undeniable.
The turn of the 20th century saw the emergence of Chop Suey jointsLinks to an external site. as hip and affordable places for young urbanites to spend a night out. Like most popular Chinese dishes in the United States, this particular mélange of meat, egg and vegetable wasn’t actually Chinese. In the 1920s American eaters were shocked when they learned that “the average native of any city in China knows nothing of chop sueyLinks to an external site..” Writer Jennifer 8. Lee calls this dish the biggest culinary prank one culture has ever pulled on another; translated from the original Chinese, Chop Suey means “Odds & Ends,” more colloquially known as “leftovers.”
Regardless of its dubious authenticity, such adaptation of Chinese cooking to American palates was a key element in the proliferation and popularization of Chinese cuisine in the United States. Throughout the early 20th century, “Chinese” dishes became sweeter, boneless, and more heavily deep-fried. Broccoli, a vegetable unheard of in China, started appearing on menus and fortune cookiesLinks to an external site., a sweet originally thought to be from Japan, finished off a “typical” Chinese meal.
It wasn’t until the 1960s and 1970s that the United States got its first taste of “authentic” Chinese cuisine. Up until that time, the dishes that most Americans were calling “Chinese food” were still largely derived from Cantonese cuisine, which is just one of eight of the broader regional cuisines of the Middle Kingdom. The liberalization of American immigration policyLinks to an external site. in 1965 brought new arrivals from Hong Kong, Taiwan, and the Mainland, who in turn brought with them the foods they had enjoyed in areas like Hunan, Sichuan, Taipei and Shanghai.
During these tasty decades, the United States experienced a renaissance in good Chinese eats, particularly in cities with large Chinese populations like New York and San Francisco. . . . Today, according to the Chinese American Restaurant AssociationLinks to an external site., there are over 45,000 Chinese restaurants currently in operation across the United States. This number is greater than all the McDonald’sLinks to an external site., KFCs,Links to an external site. Pizza Huts, Taco Bells and Wendy’s combined. When asked to rank their favorite types of restaurants, Chinese places almost always come out on topLinks to an external site.. On every day of the Lunar calendar, it seems there’s nothing quite as all-American some good Chinese food.
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