Discussion Board Question 2: A patient has been experiencing vomiting and diarrh

Discussion Board Question 2: A patient has been experiencing vomiting and diarrhea for several days. How will this problem affect the patient’s volume status (10 points)? What manifestations are anticipated (10 points)? Explain the compensatory mechanisms that will be activated as a result of the changes in the patient’s volume status (20 points). If this problem remains unresolved, explain, in detail, how the problem will affect the kidneys (20 points). (Student’s response to Question 2)I noticed significant distinctions between benign and malignant neoplasms while doing my research. The way they each expand was one that really struck me. Benign neoplasms grow encapsulated and do not invade the surrounding tissue. These neoplasms grow via growth and cell proliferation, yet they usually differentiate. They are frequently enclosed as well (Norris, 2019). Malignant tumors are the polar opposite of benign tumors. These tumors spread by invasion, releasing processes that infiltrate adjacent tissues (Norris, 2019). Another distinction I discovered between these two neoplasms was their ability to inflict injury or death. It is unlikely for a benign tumor to cause mortality unless the location of the benign neoplasm interferes with essential activities. A malignant tumor, as opposed to a benign neoplasm, is more likely to cause injury owing to tissue invasion and destruction. A malignant tumor is far more difficult to cure than a benign neoplasm (Norris, 2019). Cancer cells are distinguished by two characteristics: fast proliferation and loss of differentiation. Rapid proliferation occurs when cells divide at a faster pace. It happens as the number of cells increases (Norris, 2019). When cells lose differentiation, they lose their usual characteristics. The features of these differentiated cells then begin to resemble those of embryonic cells. These cells lose their capacity to proliferate. Cell life span and growth factor dependency are two traits shared by both cancer and non-cancer cells. The capacity of a cell to reproduce in the absence of growth factors is referred to as growth factor independence. Normal cells developed in culture would normally perish in the absence of a growth factor (Norris 2019). Normal cells are dependent on the growth factor, but cancer cells are independent. As an example, consider breast cancer cells. These cancer cells proliferate in the absence of estrogen, which is the primary growth stimulant. Some cancer cells can manufacture their own growth factors, but others rely on them. Normal cells have a finite lifespan, but cancer cells have an infinite lifespan. Cancer cells differ from regular cells in that they have an infinite lifespan. Cancer cells have the ability to proliferate indefinitely, making them immortal. When normal cells are taken and cultivated under culture conditions, they divide a limited number of times before failing to divide further. Juda, E. (2022, November 30). Nursing stories: Mary Eliza Mahoney. SC-UMT. https://online.simmons.edu/blog/nursing-stories-mary-eliza-mahoney/ Norris, T. L. (2019). Porth’s pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered Health States. Wolters Kluwer.