Hi ,
I thought it might be helpful to structure my feedback in a way that reflects the structure of your paper.
Introduction
Great way to set the stage and introduce the case to the reader.
This paragraph included necessary details without being overly elaborative.
Federal, State and Local Guidelines
It may be worth adding specific conditions that must be met in order to break confidentiality and report violent threats. For example, in many cases, there would need to be an identified target/victim, and sometimes additional details are required to justify breaking confidentiality.
You mention that laws related to mandatory reporting vary across states. You could add a little more about how they vary. For example, in most states the duty to warn/duty to protect is mandatory while in others there is no obligation to warn potential victims or law enforcement of credible threats. I found this resource helpful: https://www.ncsl.org/health/mental-health-professionals-duty-to-warn#:~:text=Behavioral%20Health%20Professionals.&text=Behavioral%20health%20professional%20%2D%20client%20privilege,report%20information%20required%20by%20lawLinks to an external site..
You did a good job identifying the need for a comprehensive assessment of risk and tying everything back into the case.
Ethical Considerations
Good job describing the ethical dilemma related to maintaining confidentiality within the context of potential violence.
It could be helpful to define the terms beneficence and non-maleficence in the section.
You mention the importance of understanding cultural nuances in this case, so it may be worthwhile to provide specific examples of what the clinician might need to consider as they navigate the ethical dilemma.
I would consider citing specific sections from the APA Ethics Code, especially those under Section 4 related to privacy and confidentiality.
Responsibilities as a Faculty Supervisor
Great job outlining supervisor responsibilities in this section! You identified specific needs for this case, such as recognizing the complexities of the ethical dilemma, weighing ethical and legal factors, considering potential courses of action and crisis intervention. However, you went above and beyond in identifying additional responsibilities such as fostering a supportive environment and cultural competency.
I would consider replacing the word “felony” with “legal” in this section.
Local Resources for Consultation
No feedback for this section – you identified numerous resources for consultation and explained how each of them could benefit this case.
Plan of Action
Your recommendation for the intern to discuss the risks associated with gang involvement is sound. I anticipate this would be a difficult conversation, and I wonder how the intern could facilitate this dialogue in a way that is non-judgmental, so Consuela doesn’t become guarded.
You mentioned safety planning in this section. I think this is a great idea and a realistic approach to harm reduction.
You also mentioned thorough documentation, which is important in all cases, but especially in cases where there is high risk. How much would you encourage the intern to document? Some of the readings I completed for this course encouraged a “less is more” approach to documentation to reduce the risk of information being misused/misinterpreted if it was ever needed for court proceedings.
Other
I would consider replacing the word “moral” with “ethical” throughout your paper. Ethics refer to rules provided by an external source (such as APA) whereas morals refer to an individual’s own principles regarding right and wrong. As psychologists, we are obligated to follow an ethical code of conduct as opposed to moral principles.
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