You are working on creating a five-paragraph essay dealing specifically with Young Earth Creationism and the core beliefs related to the age of the earth. Using the feedback from your “Step 1″ submission about your thesis, outline, and works cited page, you are ready for the next portion of the assignment. Plan to make corrections to your work so far as you move into the next step of the process.
Now you will complete and submit “Step 2: Rough Draft” for feedback from your instructor.
How to Start Writing
Often, the most difficult part of writing is simply knowing where to start. This is why, up to this point, you have put so much work into working with your topic, collecting, reading, and summarizing your sources, and writing a thesis statement and outline. All these steps have prepared you: you know your topic, know what you want to write about, and now have to start writing.
Gather and go over your notes about your sources and the information you want to share in your paper. Then, go over your thesis and outline. Finally, begin writing. You do not need to start with the introduction or the first point of your outline if you don’t want to. You may feel more comfortable starting with a different point, and that is fine; you can go back and put everything in the proper order later. The most important thing is to start the writing process; as you write, usually, more and more words and ideas begin to come to you.
What Is Included in a Rough Draft?
Your introduction, including your thesis statement, the body of the paper including all the points in your outline, and your conclusion should be written in this draft.
Each major point of information on your outline (denoted with Roman numerals) should have at least one or two paragraphs written for it that include the information from your supporting points. In many cases, supporting points may also have a paragraph or two written for them. Each paragraph should have a topic sentence, at least three supporting sentences, a concluding or transition sentence, and be about one main idea.
As you write, make sure to use in-text citations to give credit for any information or idea that is not your own original words and idea. Certain common knowledge information (like the name of a disease or general human anatomy) does not need to be cited if you can state them in your own words. However, as a rule, any information you learned from reading a specific source should be cited even if you restate it in your own words. Failing to provide citations constitutes plagiarism of someone else’s work.
Tips to Avoid Plagiarism
To avoid plagiarism, when in doubt, include an in-text citation. Always restate ideas in your own words, try to use your notes on your sources rather than reading your sources directly as you write, and double-check that every sentence in your writing carries the signature of your voice and style. If a sentence strikes you as not “sounding like you”, restate it in your own words so that it does, and make sure you have given the proper in-text citation.
Formatting Your Paper
An essential component of writing is formatting your work in a way that helps your readers make sense of your content. Because formatting is important, many different formatting styles have been developed to standardize the process. Writers use different styles to format their works depending on their field and preferences. Some common writing styles include the American Psychological Association (APA), Turabian, and the Modern Language Association (MLA). For this course, you will use the MLA style. MLA has very specific rules about how papers should be formatted.
Rules for Formatting Your Paper in MLA Style
First Page: On the upper left-hand side of the first page of your paper, you need to have your name (first and last), your teacher’s name, your course, and the date
Title: The title of your paper should be centered on the line after the date
Spacing: The entire document should be double-spaced
Font: 12 pt. Times New Roman
Margins: Margins should be 1 inch (all the way around the paper: top, bottom, and sides)
Paragraphs: Indent the first line for each paragraph (1/2 inch indent)
Header: Page number on the right side of each page
In-text Citations: All words or ideas that are not original to you must be cited directly in the body of your paper; this will be covered below
Works Cited Page: A works cited page should be included with all the information listed for the sources you used; it has its own special formatting that is covered below
In-Text Citations
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When you are writing your paper, you will need to give credit to your sources for any information, ideas, or words that are not your original work. An in-text citation is a way to give credit to a source within the document. In-text citations are also known are parenthetical citations. This citation type is much shorter than the one found on the Works Cited page because it is meant to point the reader to the full citation in the Works Cited.
MLA format follows the “author-page” method for in-text citations. This means that the author’s last name and the page number(s) from which the quotation, idea, or paraphrase is taken must appear in the text. If an in-text citation is made, you must be sure that the complete reference is included on the works cited page.
In-Text Citation Examples
There are several different ways to implement the “author-page” citation method. Look through the in-text citation examples below to learn how to use them.
Example 1
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Example 2
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Example 3
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Example 4
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Giving Credit to the Author
Why does credit need to be given? Using someone’s words or ideas without giving proper credit is the same as stealing a tangible item belonging to that person. This is because an author makes their living doing research, coming up with ideas, and writing. The use of someone else’s ideas without crediting the source is called plagiarism. Be sure to credit any words or ideas that are not your own to their proper source.
Examples of Plagiarism:
Copying from the internet or books
Having someone else write your paper
Sharing answers
Rearranging someone else’s words without giving credit
Downloading internet papers
Copying another student’s work: part or all
Utilizing work from a previous context and submitting it as new work
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Plagiarism/Self-Plagiarism
Whether intentional or not, plagiarism is submitting work that is not your own thoughts, ideas, words, and opinions but has originated from another source and is not properly documented.
Self-plagiarism occurs when you submit work from another course or another context as if it is original work for a current assignment. While this may not seem serious, it can be. Your assignments are meant to help you learn and grow; self-plagiarism can keep you from this goal. Additionally, later on, if one of your works has been submitted in a writing competition or has been published, it can be a very serious misdemeanor to try to pass these works off as new and original writing for something else.
Keep in mind that plagiarism is NEVER acceptable, even in a rough draft.
Works Cited Page
Review the feedback provided by your instructor on your previous submission of your Works Cited page. Make any necessary corrections, and then add this as the last page of the rough draft of your paper.
Grading Rubric Step 2: Rough Draft
12.35R YEC Essay rough_final draft rubric_1.PNG
12.35R YEC Essay rough_final draft rubric_2.PNG
© LU
© LU
References
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