Germline Cells at the Start of Meiosis I:

image shows the origin of bread wheat (hexaploid T. aestivum).
For each of the following strains, draw (a) a germline cell at the start of meisosis I, and (b) a gamete at the end of meisosis II:
(i) T. monococcum, (ii) T. turgidum, and (iii) T. aestivum.

To assist you with the task of drawing germline cells at the start of meiosis I and gametes at the end of meiosis II for each of the wheat strains, I’ll give you a step-by-step breakdown. Since I can’t provide a direct image here, I’ll guide you through the process and offer a detailed explanation to help you visualize and draw the structures involved.

Struggling with where to start this assignment? Follow this guide to tackle your assignment easily!

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Germline Cells at the Start of Meiosis I:

At the start of meiosis I, germline cells are diploid and contain two sets of chromosomes (one from each parent). In wheat, this means the number of chromosome sets varies depending on the ploidy level of the strain.

• T. monococcum (diploid, 2n = 14):
  • At the start of meiosis I, T. monococcum has two sets of chromosomes (2n = 14, so n = 7).
  • Draw 7 chromosome pairs (14 total chromosomes). Each chromosome should appear as a chromatid with two chromatids connected at the centromere.
• T. turgidum (tetraploid, 4n = 28):
  • T. turgidum is tetraploid, so it has four sets of chromosomes (n = 14).
  • Draw 14 chromosome pairs (28 total chromosomes) where each pair is homologous, and each chromosome is made of two chromatids.
• T. aestivum (hexaploid, 6n = 42):
  • T. aestivum is hexaploid, meaning it has six sets of chromosomes (n = 21).
  • Draw 21 chromosome pairs (42 total chromosomes), with each chromosome made of two chromatids.

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Gametes at the End of Meiosis II:

At the end of meiosis II, the cells become haploid. Each gamete will have one chromosome from each homologous pair. The chromosomes in each gamete will be single chromatids, and their genetic content will be half of what it was in the diploid germline cell.

• T. monococcum (2n = 14, n = 7):
  • After meiosis II, the gametes are haploid (n = 7), so there will be 7 individual chromosomes (each with a single chromatid).
  • Each gamete will have 7 chromosomes (with one chromatid per chromosome).
• T. turgidum (4n = 28, n = 14):
  • After meiosis II, the gametes are haploid (n = 14), so each gamete will have 14 individual chromosomes (with one chromatid per chromosome).
  • There will be 14 chromosomes in each gamete.
• T. aestivum (6n = 42, n = 21):
  • After meiosis II, the gametes are haploid (n = 21), meaning each gamete will contain 21 chromosomes (with one chromatid per chromosome).
  • Each gamete will have 21 chromosomes.

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How to Draw:

1. Germline Cells (Start of Meiosis I):
   • Draw pairs of chromosomes arranged in a line.
   • For each strain, draw the number of chromosome pairs matching their respective ploidy level.
   • Each chromosome pair consists of two chromosomes, and each chromosome has two chromatids.
2. Gametes (End of Meiosis II):
   • For each strain, draw individual chromosomes (single chromatids) that would result from meiosis II.
   • These chromosomes should not be paired (they are now haploid).

By following these steps, you can create the appropriate diagrams for each strain, showing the differences in chromosome numbers at different stages of meiosis.

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