For T/F questions, mark true or false and then fully explain your T/F answers in

For T/F questions, mark true or false and then fully explain your T/F answers in a few sentences. For short answer questions, provide answers in a few sentences. (4 pts each)
1) T / F American revolutionaries recognized the importance of trying to keep the rest of Europe out of the fight against Britain.
2) Following the American Revolution, the new United States emerged a sovereign nation and its citizens were drawn into basically two political camps of democracy. What were those two different political ideologies, and which political party represented each one?
3) T / F Under the military leadership of George Washington, American militia found themselves to be most successful by striking with mass head-on in traditional combat formations against the British regulars (Redcoats).
4) What battle of the American Revolutionary War was the turning point and why?
5) What and when was the first diplomatic alliance in American history?
6) T / F Massachusetts and Connecticut were the only two states not to abolish a state religion.
7) T / F Upon successful defeat of the British, the First Continental Congress quickly established the legal legitimacy of the United States through a document called the Articles of Confederation.
8) T / F Thanks to the abundance of natural resources and quickly expanding industrialization, the United States was able to fund the cost of the American Revolution without seeking loans from Europe.
9) When, where, and how did the American Revolutionary War end militarily and then politically in victory for the United States.
10) T / F The US electoral college met for the first time to elect George Washington president—ironically the same year that the French were experiencing their own revolution.
Multiple choice (single best answer)
11) Which federalist leader was the primary champion of a national bank?
a. George Washington
b. Alexander Hamilton
c. John Adams
d. Thomas Jefferson
12) Which event led President Washington to assert federal power using military force within a state?
a. War of 1812
b. Hayes’ Rebellion
c. Battle of Fallen Timbers
d. Whiskey Rebellion
13) T / F Second US President John Adams, a Democratic Republican like his vice president Thomas Jefferson, pushed the highly successful Alien and Sedition Acts into law in 1798 to restrict immigration.
14) In what landmark case did Federalist Chief Justice John Marshall establish “judicial review,” where the court could rule on the constitutionality of legislation and executive action?
a. Marbury v. Madison
b. Burr v. Hamilton
c. Adams v. Onis
d. Clay v. Calhoun
15) What is the history of the Monroe Doctrine?
16) T / F One of President Andrew Jackson’s achievements was his political victory in the so-called “bank war,” where he was able to charter the Second Bank of the United States, thus cementing his agenda for a strong federalist central government.
17) What was the “American System” economically, politically, technologically, and socially.
18) Which US president championed the Indian Removal Act?
a. John Adams
b. Thomas Jefferson
c. Andrew Jackson
d. John Quincy Adams
19) Essay (28 points)
Early to mid 19th century United States life was not exactly harmonious and involved quite a few differences of opinion and great debates. Out of that friction, however, grew three big reform efforts. Describe, using three paragraphs (one paragraph each), the three reform movements and be sure to include the threads of continuity (how the stories connect) between those three big reform movements of the early to mid 19th century United States. For example, two such factors connecting those three reforms were very important: women and religion.