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Gaps in healthcare outcomes occur when the quality of care is influenced by social determinants of health which are the conditions in which people are born, grow, work, and age (Davidson & McGinn, 2019). The three key social determinant risk factors, I identified associated with African Americans in Jackson, Mississippi are poverty, unemployment, and lack of health insurance. Around 25% of Jackson, MS residents live below the poverty level which is twice the rate for the entire United States (Mizelle, 2023). Mississippi has the lowest life expectancy and consistently ranks the highest in the United States in infant mortality, diabetes, and heart disease (Mizelle, 2023). While African Americans in Jackson, Mississippi were faced with COVID-related deaths they were also challenged with the urban water crisis. The urban water crisis in Jackson, MS has increased the burden of disease on a population that was already facing public health inequities between the white and black, and between the city of Jackson and nearby cities (Meng, 2022).
In the evidence-based intervention study, Adherence and retention of African Americans in a randomized controlled trial with a yoga-based intervention: The effects of health-promoting programs on cardiovascular disease risk, three hundred seventy-five AA from Jackson, MS participated in a 48-week study that evaluated 5 health promotion interventions: high-frequency yoga, moderate frequency yoga, low-frequency yoga, guided walking, and health education (Okhomina et al., 2020). Yoga is a form of exercise that has been found to have potential mental and physical health benefits and aids in decreasing stress (Okhomina et al., 2020). The results show older African American are amenable to participating in pooled yoga programs as a means of health promotion (Okhomina et al., 2020). Implementing a yoga-based intervention can reduce health disparities in Jackson’s African American population.
The yoga-based intervention addresses #12 from the Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Standards (CLAS): Conduct regular assessments of community health assets and needs and use the results to plan and implement services that respond to the cultural and linguistic diversity of populations in the service area. Okhomina et al. (2020), implemented several forms of health promotion to assess which health promotion the African American population would sustain. The findings/assessment from this study can be used to implement services that meet the needs of this population and can be beneficial in improving health outcomes.
Davidson, K., & McGinn, T. (2019). Screening for social determinants of health: The known and unknown. JAMA : The Journal of the American Medical Association, 322(11), 1037–1038. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.10915
Meng, Q., (2022). Urban water crisis causes significant public health diseases in Jackson, Mississippi USA: An initial study of geographic and racial health inequities. Sustainability (Basel, Switzerland), 14(24), 16325–. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416325
Mizelle, R., (2023). A slow-moving disaster — The Jackson water crisis and the health effects of racism. The New England Journal of Medicine, 388(24), 2212–2214. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2212978
Okhomina, V., Seals, S. R., Anugu, P., Adu-Boateng, G., Sims, M., & Marshall, G. D. (2020). Adherence and retention of African Americans in a randomized controlled trial with a yoga-based intervention: The effects of health promoting programs on cardiovascular disease risk study. Ethnicity & Health, 25(6), 812–824. https://doi.org/10.1080/13557858.2018.1458073
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