DQ1: Cognitive, linguistic, and physical/developmental factors affecting English

DQ1:
Cognitive, linguistic, and physical/developmental factors affecting English language development should be considered when planning instruction for ELLs. Research two of the following factors and briefly explain the implications on instruction:
Prior knowledge of student
Positive and negative language transfer
Age of student
Disabilities
Lack of formal school experience
DQ2:
Affective and sociocultural/political factors affecting English language development should be considered when planning instruction for ELLs. Research one of the following affective factors and one sociocultural/political factor and briefly explain the implications on instruction:
Affective Factors
Student motivation and attitude
Levels of anxiety and self-esteem
Teacher expectations
Classroom environment
Sociocultural/Political Factors
Family expectations
Acculturation patterns
Value systems
Elective versus circumstantial bilingualism
Status of the primary language/dialect compared to English
Community influences
Cite scholarly resources used to support each response.