Learning Goal: I’m working on a philosophy practice test / quiz and need an expl

Learning Goal: I’m working on a philosophy practice test / quiz and need an explanation and answer to help me learn.There are a total of four philosophy quizzes, each one has 10 multiple choices, total are 40 questions, these questions cover philosophers of Kant, Bentham, and some others. The question is a little bit hard, please be sure you are confident with philosophy. Thank you. Here are some examples of the questions.
Requirements: 40 multiple choices