Category: Population Health

Introduction
We have learned in the textbook that the use of standardized medical language across diverse information systems is required for the implementation of a standard electronic health record (EHR) and a national health information infrastructure. Interoperability (i.e., the sharing of healthcare data) is an essential component of a national health information infrastructure, which requires the use of uniform health information standards. This will significantly improve medical care effectiveness, patient safety, cost-effectiveness, and research values. That said, the lack of health information standards has been a key barrier to electronic connectivity in healthcare.
Classification systems, such as International Classification of Diseases, specifically ICD-9-CM, ICD-10-CM, ICD-10-PCS, and ICD-11, group together similar diseases and procedures, and organize related entities for easy retrieval. That said, such classification systems are considered “output” rather than “input” systems and are not intended or designed for the primary documentation of clinical care. Their lack of granularity and failure to define individual clinical concepts and their relationships impact the role they play in a reference terminology. Nonetheless, they are typically used for external reporting requirements or other uses where data aggregation is advantageous, such as measuring the quality of care, monitoring resource utilization, or processing claims for reimbursement.
On the other hand, reference terminologies, such as Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine, e.g., SNOMED-CT®, are “input” systems and codify the clinical information captured in an EHR during the course of patient care. However, their immense size, considerable granularity, complex hierarchies, and lack of reporting rules render them inadequate for serving the secondary purposes unlike classification systems.
That said, the benefits of using a reference terminology, such as SNOMED-CT, increase exponentially if the reference terminology is linked to modern, standard classification systems for the purpose of generating health information necessary for secondary uses. The linkage of terms in different systems to extract information for multiple purposes is accomplished through mapping. Mapping is the process of linking content from one terminology to another or, in this case, a classification system.
Assignment (250 points)
I. Application
A. Access the SNOMED CT Browser and the ICD-11 Browser (click on web links below).
ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics at: https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en
SNOMED CT Browser at: https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/index.html?perspective=full&conceptId1=9972008&edition=MAIN/2022-03-31&release=&languages=en
B. Using each tool, explore the following medical problems:
1. Kidney Stones (urolithiasis)
2. Acute Myocardial Infarction
3. Asthma
4. Headache
5. Diabetes mellitus
C. Report your findings. You may tabulate your findings if you wish. (You may limit your report to just five results per medical problem).
II. Review
D. Read the attached paper (PDF) published in 2012 in the Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association (JAMIA). Summarize the paper in your own words to highlight:
The main points of the paper
The author’s arguments presented in the paper
The methods employed in the study
The authors’ conclusion(s) made in the paper
III. Reflection
E. Visit the I-MAGIC (Interactive Map-Assisted Generation of ICD Codes) Algorithm at https://imagic.nlm.nih.gov/imagic/code/map. This demo simulates a problem list interface, where the user enters SNOMED CT medical terms, which are then used to derive ICD-10-CM codes using the Map.
Search the five medical problems again. Then, report your derived ICD-10-CM codes. (You may limit your report to five results per problem.)
[You will notice that the I-MAGIC Algorithm utilizes the SNOMED CT to ICD-10-CM Map (not ICD-11) in a real-time, interactive manner. That’s OK]
F. In your own words, please reflect on your experience using the SNOMED CT, ICD-11, and I-MAGIC interactive tools. Please, briefly comment on:
Pros or Cons of using each tool
Do you corroborate the arguments made by the JAMIA paper’s authors?
Would a similar semantic alignment between SNOMED CT and ICD-11 (Map) be valuable? Why?
Please, limit your Special Project to a maximum of five double-spaced pages (excluding the title page, tables, and references).

Julie = 28 year old female
PMHX: hypothyroidism, seasonal allergies, GERD
RX: Synthroid 25mcg daily, omeprazole 20mg PRN
Social Hx: works as a secretary at an elementary school, lives with her wife and her 2.5 year old son. does not drink alcohol or use tobacco currently
patient in for her annual wellness exam today, and shares with you that she is 5 months pregnant. Shes very excited for a little sister for her son. She is concerned about post-partum depression, because she was treated for this when she had her son about 2-3 years ago. She does not feel depressed currently, but is fearful that it will “come back”. She would like to know if you think she should try accupuncture, as shes read that that can be helpful, or if you think maybe she should start taking the antidepressant she was prescribed the first time as a preventive measure.
Review the lay “literature” that is “out there” on the topic of accupuncture for post partum depression provide link to one example of lay “literature” on this topic, where a non-medical person would find info about this and what ideas they may form about the topic.
Review and summarize evidance based and guidelines on both accupuncture and on pharmacotherapy for prevention of a 2nd episode of post partum depression?Discuss what is recommended
Discuss risk and benefits of both treatments
use and cite atleast 2 sources by providing the links.
How would you respond to Jamie? Include any other health promotion/anticipatory guidance to share with her today.
please in the reference try to use uptodate:https://www.uptodate.com/

Julie = 28 year old female
PMHX: hypothyroidism, seasonal allergies, GERD
RX: Synthroid 25mcg daily, omeprazole 20mg PRN
Social Hx: works as a secretary at an elementary school, lives with her wife and her 2.5 year old son. does not drink alcohol or use tobacco currently
patient in for her annual wellness exam today, and shares with you that she is 5 months pregnant. Shes very excited for a little sister for her son. She is concerned about post-partum depression, because she was treated for this when she had her son about 2-3 years ago. She does not feel depressed currently, but is fearful that it will “come back”. She would like to know if you think she should try accupuncture, as shes read that that can be helpful, or if you think maybe she should start taking the antidepressant she was prescribed the first time as a preventive measure.
Review the lay “literature” that is “out there” on the topic of accupuncture for post partum depression provide link to one example of lay “literature” on this topic, where a non-medical person would find info about this and what ideas they may form about the topic.
Review and summarize evidance based and guidelines on both accupuncture and on pharmacotherapy for prevention of a 2nd episode of post partum depression?Discuss what is recommended
Discuss risk and benefits of both treatments
use and cite atleast 2 sources by providing the links.
How would you respond to Jamie? Include any other health promotion/anticipatory guidance to share with her today.
please in the reference try to use uptodate:https://www.uptodate.com/

Julie = 28 year old female
PMHX: hypothyroidism, seasonal allergies, GERD
RX: Synthroid 25mcg daily, omeprazole 20mg PRN
Social Hx: works as a secretary at an elementary school, lives with her wife and her 2.5 year old son. does not drink alcohol or use tobacco currently
patient in for her annual wellness exam today, and shares with you that she is 5 months pregnant. Shes very excited for a little sister for her son. She is concerned about post-partum depression, because she was treated for this when she had her son about 2-3 years ago. She does not feel depressed currently, but is fearful that it will “come back”. She would like to know if you think she should try accupuncture, as shes read that that can be helpful, or if you think maybe she should start taking the antidepressant she was prescribed the first time as a preventive measure.
Review the lay “literature” that is “out there” on the topic of accupuncture for post partum depression provide link to one example of lay “literature” on this topic, where a non-medical person would find info about this and what ideas they may form about the topic.
Review and summarize evidance based and guidelines on both accupuncture and on pharmacotherapy for prevention of a 2nd episode of post partum depression?Discuss what is recommended
Discuss risk and benefits of both treatments
use and cite atleast 2 sources by providing the links.
How would you respond to Jamie? Include any other health promotion/anticipatory guidance to share with her today.
please in the reference try to use uptodate:https://www.uptodate.com/

Julie = 28 year old female
PMHX: hypothyroidism, seasonal allergies, GERD
RX: Synthroid 25mcg daily, omeprazole 20mg PRN
Social Hx: works as a secretary at an elementary school, lives with her wife and her 2.5 year old son. does not drink alcohol or use tobacco currently
patient in for her annual wellness exam today, and shares with you that she is 5 months pregnant. Shes very excited for a little sister for her son. She is concerned about post-partum depression, because she was treated for this when she had her son about 2-3 years ago. She does not feel depressed currently, but is fearful that it will “come back”. She would like to know if you think she should try accupuncture, as shes read that that can be helpful, or if you think maybe she should start taking the antidepressant she was prescribed the first time as a preventive measure.
Review the lay “literature” that is “out there” on the topic of accupuncture for post partum depression provide link to one example of lay “literature” on this topic, where a non-medical person would find info about this and what ideas they may form about the topic.
Review and summarize evidance based and guidelines on both accupuncture and on pharmacotherapy for prevention of a 2nd episode of post partum depression?Discuss what is recommended
Discuss risk and benefits of both treatments
use and cite atleast 2 sources by providing the links.
How would you respond to Jamie? Include any other health promotion/anticipatory guidance to share with her today.
please in the reference try to use uptodate:https://www.uptodate.com/

Modern technology makes people impatient, lazier, and/or more obese. Agree or disagree?Considerations: Accessibility to information; U.S. obesity rates; continuous monitoring devices or “wearable technology”presentation should include or discuss the following: PLEASE FOLLOW THESE Presentation Requirements/Guidelines
Hook
Introduction: background, lay the foundationDefine or frame the topic, describe the technology
Status: What led to it? How did it start? Where is it now?
Examples/case scenarios/statistics
Argument for BOTH sidesReasons and evidence FOR it (agree)
Reasons and evidence AGAINST it (disagree)
Conclusion: personal opinions, future implications
References
Time limit: 10 minutes max
Format: PowerPoint presentation
NO GRAMMAR/SPELLING MISTAKES

Define the effects and provide two types of Motivating Operations and provide two examples of each type. Be sure to describe the two effects of each Motivating Operation in each of your four examples.
Requirements:
1. Assignment is to be a minimum of 3 pages and no more than 4 pages.
2. The use of images (graphs, flowcharts, etc.) is encouraged to visually support your examples and is included as part of the total page submission requirement.
3. Label each part of your image (i.e., the MOs, the Sds, the behaviors, the consequences, etc.)
Please note: Your assignment should be submitted in a Word Document format using Times New Roman 12. The assignment must use APA format (See link to APA publication style in the course site resources.) Please include an appropriate heading on your paper and references to support methods or procedures used.

For this “mock qualitative research” assignment, you will respond to one of the three questions below. But first, you will need to listen to Unaccountable: What Hospitals Won’t Tell You, which is an excerpt from the Diane Rehm Show that will serve as our “pretend” qualitative data. (The audio file is in Module 13 on Blackboard.) As you listen to the transcript, brainstorm different ideas about potential codes, themes, research questions (things you would want to know if you were initiating a study on this topic), and key informants (people you would want to interview).
Please access the transcripts (and audio files directly) by going to Weekly Module 13 and clicking on the link: “Diane Rehm Show Audio Files and Transcripts (audio for Discussion #5) to access all the files for this discussion.
Questions (choose one to answer): and display question bolded
Please share some of the “codes” you identified while listening to the transcript. If you identified any larger overarching “themes,” share those, too.
What are some of the research questions that you came away with after listening to this excerpt? What do you want to know?
To answer the questions you’re interested in, who would you study? Who would be your “key informants”? Why? What do you hope they can tell you?
Student Responses :
Sofia Contreras
3. To answer the questions you’re interested in, who would you study? Who would be your “key informants”? Why? What do you hope they can tell you? To answer the questions I came up with, I would interview those who are closely involved in the healthcare system and have a first-hand understanding of its problems and inner workings. This would include frontline medical professionals like doctors and nurses who can share firsthand knowledge of medical practices and systemic failings, hospital administrators who are aware of the operational and financial pressures facing healthcare facilities, and patients who have encountered medical errors who can share personal accounts that illustrate the human impact of these systemic issues. Healthcare policy experts can also offer insights into systemic barriers and necessary policy changes. By talking with these informants, we can better understand the underlying causes of healthcare issues and what we can do to promote more accountability and openness.
Amanda Harrison
2. After listening to the first audio which was called identifying and treating severe mental illness, I was very interested in hearing about the speakers son who was diagnosed with bipolar disorder also known as manic depression.My first research question that I had after listening to the audio was what happens when healthcare providers don’t give treatment to someone who needs it, even if they’re not showing obvious symptoms like the speaker’s son? Another question I also had is why do authorities and healthcare providers wait until the patient becomes harmful to themselves or to their environment before any action is taken, is there a way to mitigate these issues before anyone faces any harm. My final research question is what should parents of patients with bipolar disorder do if they notice that their child is experiencing the symptoms. I’m curious about how families can help their loved ones with mental health issues right from the start, before things escalate. It seems like there should be ways to support them earlier on, instead of waiting until things get out of control to the point where the authorites are needed as mentioned in the audio. This makes me think about the importance of early intervention in mental health care, especially for families dealing with these challenges.

Interview Regarding a Healthcare Policy or Assessment
Financing healthcare is one of the greatest priorities for the healthcare system in Saudi Arabia. While policymakers agree that more Saudi nationals need health insurance coverage, the debate often revolves around how it should be financed. Identify a healthcare professional who works primarily in the area of finance (e.g., Chief Financial Officer, Controller, etc.) and a specific policy that addresses the financial aspect of delivering healthcare. Contact the individual to conduct an interview about the policy.
Based on what you learned, be sure to include the following information in your interview:
Identify the interviewee, including their job title, place of employment, location, and how long they have been in the area of finance.
The goals and objectives of your interview.
Description of the finance policy.
What were some of the benefits of the policy?
What are the challenges of meeting the requirements outlined in the policy?
What can be done to improve the effectiveness of the policy?
Here are some suggested questions:
What are the mission and vision statements for your organization?
How do these mission and vision statements assist in helping your organization focus on healthy living promotions?
How are the daily operations for your organization meeting policy? What are some of the areas that may lead to improvement regarding any policy updates?
What are some of the challenges that you are currently experiencing with your policy revisions?
What are some of the benefits your policy is providing to patients or clients?
What are some of the recommendations that you may have regarding policy improvement both internally and externally?
Your report should meet the following structural requirements:
Be 7 to 8 pages in length, not including the cover or reference pages.
Be formatted according to APA 7th edition.
Provide support for your statements with in-text citations from a minimum of 5 scholarly articles.
You are strongly encouraged to submit all assignments to the Turnitin Originality Check prior to submitting them to your instructor for grading.

HQS-535: Leadership and Management for (
Employee engagement is a crucial factor in determining the success and productivity of any organization. Engaged employees are more committed, motivated, and invested in their work, leading to improved job satisfaction and better overall performance. In this assignment, we will explore effective strategies and practices to enhance employee engagement in the workplace.
You will create a PowerPoint Presentation covering:
Section 1: Understanding Employee Engagement 1.1 Definition and Importance of Employee Engagement:
Define employee engagement and its significance for organizational success.
Discuss the benefits of having engaged employees, such as increased productivity and reduced turnover.
1.2 Measuring Employee Engagement:
Explore different methods and tools used to assess employee engagement levels.
Discuss the importance of regular feedback and surveys to gauge employee satisfaction.
Section 2: Creating a Positive Work Culture 2.1 Fostering Open Communication:
Explain the role of transparent and open communication in building trust and engagement.
Discuss the impact of effective communication channels on employee morale.
2.2 Encouraging Employee Recognition and Appreciation:
Highlight the significance of recognizing employees’ efforts and achievements.
Showcase successful employee recognition programs and their impact on engagement.
Section 3: Providing Opportunities for Growth and Development 3.1 Investing in Training and Development:
Discuss the importance of providing learning opportunities to foster employee growth.
Explore different training and development programs that align with employees’ career aspirations.
3.2 Career Progression and Advancement:
Examine the link between career growth opportunities and employee engagement.
Provide examples of organizations that have successfully supported employee advancement.
Section 4: Empowering Employees through Autonomy and Flexibility 4.1 Promoting Work-Life Balance:
Explain the significance of work-life balance in employee well-being and engagement.
Discuss flexible work arrangements and their impact on productivity and job satisfaction.
4.2 Embracing Employee Autonomy:
Explore the benefits of giving employees more autonomy in decision-making.
Discuss the impact of trust and empowerment on employee engagement.
Section 5: Nurturing a Supportive Leadership Culture 5.1 Leading by Example:
Analyze the influence of leadership behavior on employee engagement.
Discuss the importance of ethical and values-driven leadership in fostering engagement.
5.2 Providing Emotional Support and Well-Being Initiatives:
Highlight the role of leaders in supporting employees’ emotional well-being.
Discuss the impact of well-being programs on employee engagement and productivity.
Conclusion: Summarize the key takeaways from the assignment, emphasizing the importance of
employee engagement in fostering a positive and productive work environment. Encourage organizations to adopt the discussed strategies and practices to cultivate a culture of engagement that supports the growth and well-being of their employees.
Your presentation should meet the following structural requirements:
Be 16-20 slides in length, not including the title or reference slides.
Be formatted according to Saudi Electronic University and APA writing guidelines.
Provide support for your statements with citations from a minimum of six scholarly articles. These citations should be listed in the Notes section of the slide in which they appear. Two of these sources may be from the class readings, textbook, or lectures, but four must be external.