Category: Immunology

Please Give me a high-quality paper with zero plagiarism, and complete each part properly as requested. Read carefully everything
Chose a multinational company that is publicly traded (available financial statements) that is Not one of the top 50 fortune 1000 companies.
My company is Honda Motors, Analyze the company using what you have learned this semester, use all 8 chapters. (THis should be easy, after the DQs)
Expectations: Written in APA style
Cover Page
500 words for each section we covered. (give each major section a heading)
Bibliography
any figures, tables, charts or graphs
This is the sample paper. now I will attach all of those 6 discussion papers.
The professor said to use the previous papers and to do an analysis. This will be like the final paper for Honda motors
You can cite from the previous papers
use some info from each chapter to combine into an analysis, this is what I am getting.
500 words of each prior` paper. We did 6 total, we did not have any discussion papers for ch 7 & 8.
The total length does not exceed 10 pages.
looking at the sample paper now. you can add charts and graphs to extend it.
I will provide the 6 preview papers and the chapters when the question is assigned.

Write a research paper on the topi “The importance of cell inmune response to HIV”
5-6 pages
sources including 2 primary literature
APA citation style you prefer, but you must have in text citation and a literature cited.
Language and grammar appropriate for a scientific audienceInclude figure with proper citation.
Good organization of the ideas and information you present
Use the follow articles to get the information
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8787704/
https://idp.nature.com/authorize?response_type=cookie&client_id=grover&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41577-021-00649-1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4024229/#:~:text=NK%20cells%20are%20key%20effectors,of%20defence%20against%20HIV%2D1.
https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv

Choose a current event in the field of immunology. Summarize the research reported and its impact on the field (i.e. potential impact on patient diagnosis/treatment or how this research changes traditional thoughts). Connect the reported findings to what you have learned in class this semester.
Paper must be 2-3 pages, double spaced and all sources are to be cited in APA format.

Assignment title: There are different types of healthcare system structure, and each one has its own advantages and disadvantages. 1. What are the types of healthcare system structure? (5)
2. Pick one healthcare system and give an example of a country using this system. What do you think the advantages and disadvantages of this healthcare system? (5)
Fill in students’ information on the first page of this document.
Start your writing from the next page (page 3)
Word limit: 200- 400 words Font should be 12 Times New Roman
Headings should be Bold.
Color should be Black.
Line spacing should be 1.5.
Use reliable references (APA format)
AVOID PLAGIARISM (you will be graded ZERO)
You should use at least 2 references.
Submit this WORD Document when you complete the required task.

What is meant to by immunity…How many types are of immunity..and which type of cells perform the function of immunity in our body

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1. T cell activation
Include these elements in the part of your model showing T cell activation:
APC (DC) signals given to help activate a naive CD4 T cell:MHCII/peptide Ag on a DC being bound by TCR on a naive CD4 T cell
B7.1 or B7.2 on the same DC being bound by CD28 on the same CD4 T cell (costimulation signals)
CD3 subunits and zeta chain homodimer within the TCR complex with ITAMs that get phosphorylated during T cell activation
Kinases Lck associated with the intracellular domain of CD4 (also associates with CD8) and Zap70 that phosphorylate ITAMs
The 3 transactivating transcription factors: NFAT, NFkB and AP1 that lead to IL-2 gene expression by translocating to the nucleus during T cell activation
IL-2 binding the high affinity IL-2R receptor (gamma chain; beta chain and inducible alpha chain)
The TH1 differentiation pathway, including:IFN-gamma, released by an activated NK cell, binding to the IFN-gamma receptor (R) on the CD4 T cell undergoing activation
IL-12, released by an activated DC cells, binding to the IL-12 receptor (IL-12R) on the same CD4 T cell undergoing activation
T-bet as a key transcription factor inside the CD4 T cell that drives TH1 differentiation
The CD4 T cell having differentiated into a TH1 cell that is now secreting TH1 cytokines, includingIFN-gamma
IL-2 (high levels)
TNF
IFN-gamma from TH1 bound by IFN-gR on a macrophage, along with CD40L on TH1 bound by CD40 on a macrophage together lead to a fully activated macrophage with stronger capacity to kill intracellular bacteria resistant to being killed
The TH2 differentiation pathway, including:
IL-4, released by an activated basophil (or mast cell, or NKT cell), binding to the IL-4 receptor (IL-4R) on a CD4 T cell undergoing activation
GATA-3 as a key transcription factor inside the CD4 T cell that drives TH2 differentiation
The CD4 T cell having differentiated itno a TH2 cell that is now secreting TH2 cytokines, including: IL-4 (IgE switch factor; differentiation factor leading to memory B cells; amplifyer of TH2 response by positive feedback)
IL-5 (induces Eosinophil production in BM and helps to activate Eosinophils)
IL-6 (B cell differentation factor promoting B cell differentiation; pro-inflammatory cytokine)
IL-13 (similar functions as IL-4; binds to a receptor that shares receptor subunits with the IL-4R)
IL-10 (a B cell differentiation factor leading to plasma cells and a T cell modulator that inhibits IFN-gamma production)
4. The TFH differentiation pathway, including:
IL-6, released by an activated DC, binding to the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) on a CD4 T cell undergoing activation
BCL-6 as a key transcription factor inside the CD4 T cell that drives TFH differentiation
The CD4 T cell having differentiated into a TFH cell that is now secreting TFH cytokines, including: IL-21 (B cell differentiation factor promoting maturation of antibody response)
IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, etc. (B cell differentiation factors as listed above)
5. The CD8 T cell to CTL differentiation pathway, including:
MHCI/peptide Ag on a DC bound by the TCR on a naive CD8 T cell undergoing activation
B7.1 or B7.2 on a DC bound by CD28 on the same CD8 T cell undergoing activation (costimulation signals)
IL-2 from a TH1 cell bound by the IL-2R on the CD8 T cell to induce proliferation and differentation into a CTL
CTL binding a target cell via TCR binding to MHCI/Ag peptide on the target cell (only 1 signal needed)
Perforin and granzymes released from CTL granules to induce apoptosis in target cell (perforin makes hole in target cell membrane; granzymes enter target cell to induce the caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway)
2. T-cell dependent B cell activation
BCR (IgM isotype) on a naive B cell binds Ag ( its native form) from a pathogen
Igalpha and Igbeta associated with the IgM transmit activation signal 1 via phosphorylation of ITAMs in intracellular domains
CD81/CD19/CR2 B cell co-receptor complex binds to Ag to provide additional activation signals
CD40 on B cell binds to CD40L on TFH cell (costimulation signals)
IL-21 from TFH bind to the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) on B cell to trigger proliferation and differentiation into plasma cells
Plasma cells secrete Ab with same idiotype as parent B cell clone that was activated
CD40-CD40L interaction and TFH cytokines together provide proliferating B cell with signals for isotype switching and somatic hypermutation to occur. Example: IL-4 bound by IL-4R on a proliferating B cell that in response will differentiate into an IgE-secreting plasma cell (since IL-4 is the switch factor for IgE production)

Physical well-being is much more than good health. It is the direct result of lifestyle choices and our behaviors around sleep, diet, physical activity, hygiene, and relaxation that achieve or derail optimal functioning. Do you wake up full of energy and optimism for the day and feel confident about your ability to handle whatever comes your way? Or are you often distracted by pain, headaches, discomfort, and fatigue? Maybe you struggle to complete tasks because you feel foggy or run out of steam. Physical well-being drives all of that.
It can be tempting to say “that’s just the nature of working long hours” or “I’m not as young as I used to be,” and assume you can’t feel better or perform better or that everyone else feels just the same. But physical well-being can be improved. You can have chronic illness or disability and still have well-being. The decisions and the actions we take affect strength, appearance, hardiness, longevity, happiness, and your ability to achieve You Inc.’s goal of life satisfaction.
Yes, avoiding illness is important, but sometimes it is out of your control. Genetics and random illness can be real threats to You Inc., but as CEO you still have the power to pivot, take actions to optimize your functioning, and keep moving toward your goals. Paying attention to your physical well-being is like making an investment today in the resources that will help you weather and leverage whatever comes your way–good well-being gives you more assets to tap into. CEOs persevere. They stay nimble.
How do you achieve physical well-being?
Since physical well-being has many components there are limitless ways to improve it. For example:Eating well
Exercising
Getting enough sleep
Staying hydrated
Drinking in moderation
The challenge is getting real about where you are physically and setting realistic goals to get you where you want to be. That is why thinking like a CEO is so helpful. It forces you to look at the big picture and make tough decisions that are not always easy or popular.
Depending on your needs, you can design a plan that may focus solely on one aspect of your life, like increasing physical activity. Or your plan can cover a wide range of initiatives for a more cumulative approach that also includes eating more vegetables, going to bed at the same time each night, and cutting back on alcohol. The bottom line is improving overall physical well-being for the benefit of You Inc.
Be sure to focus on your strengths and not your weaknesses. This seems counterintuitive to making health improvements but when we apply our strengths to areas that need development we are more likely to be successful.
For example, are you a champion sleeper? How do you get a good night’s sleep when so many people struggle with it? Was it trial and error? Do you have a set schedule, or are you on a segmented sleep schedule? Do you have good tools like room darkening shades and a mattress topper? How can you apply the same approach to exercise? Can you experiment with different programs, wake up 30 minutes early to work out, and splurge on a new pair of sneakers? Reflect on your successes and find ways to expand them and apply them to new facets of your health.
Be prepared for pressure from your friends and family who aren’t comfortable with your changes. Perhaps it is making them reflect on their own physical well-being or they simply liked the way things were. CEOs have to make hard decisions. Remember, nothing is more important than the success of You Inc.

Physical well-being is much more than good health. It is the direct result of lifestyle choices and our behaviors around sleep, diet, physical activity, hygiene, and relaxation that achieve or derail optimal functioning. Do you wake up full of energy and optimism for the day and feel confident about your ability to handle whatever comes your way? Or are you often distracted by pain, headaches, discomfort, and fatigue? Maybe you struggle to complete tasks because you feel foggy or run out of steam. Physical well-being drives all of that.
It can be tempting to say “that’s just the nature of working long hours” or “I’m not as young as I used to be,” and assume you can’t feel better or perform better or that everyone else feels just the same. But physical well-being can be improved. You can have chronic illness or disability and still have well-being. The decisions and the actions we take affect strength, appearance, hardiness, longevity, happiness, and your ability to achieve You Inc.’s goal of life satisfaction.
Yes, avoiding illness is important, but sometimes it is out of your control. Genetics and random illness can be real threats to You Inc., but as CEO you still have the power to pivot, take actions to optimize your functioning, and keep moving toward your goals. Paying attention to your physical well-being is like making an investment today in the resources that will help you weather and leverage whatever comes your way–good well-being gives you more assets to tap into. CEOs persevere. They stay nimble.
How do you achieve physical well-being?
Since physical well-being has many components there are limitless ways to improve it. For example:Eating well
Exercising
Getting enough sleep
Staying hydrated
Drinking in moderation
The challenge is getting real about where you are physically and setting realistic goals to get you where you want to be. That is why thinking like a CEO is so helpful. It forces you to look at the big picture and make tough decisions that are not always easy or popular.
Depending on your needs, you can design a plan that may focus solely on one aspect of your life, like increasing physical activity. Or your plan can cover a wide range of initiatives for a more cumulative approach that also includes eating more vegetables, going to bed at the same time each night, and cutting back on alcohol. The bottom line is improving overall physical well-being for the benefit of You Inc.
Be sure to focus on your strengths and not your weaknesses. This seems counterintuitive to making health improvements but when we apply our strengths to areas that need development we are more likely to be successful.
For example, are you a champion sleeper? How do you get a good night’s sleep when so many people struggle with it? Was it trial and error? Do you have a set schedule, or are you on a segmented sleep schedule? Do you have good tools like room darkening shades and a mattress topper? How can you apply the same approach to exercise? Can you experiment with different programs, wake up 30 minutes early to work out, and splurge on a new pair of sneakers? Reflect on your successes and find ways to expand them and apply them to new facets of your health.
Be prepared for pressure from your friends and family who aren’t comfortable with your changes. Perhaps it is making them reflect on their own physical well-being or they simply liked the way things were. CEOs have to make hard decisions. Remember, nothing is more important than the success of You Inc.

Hepatitis B vaccine is a vaccine that prevents hepatitis B.[13] The first dose is recommended within 24 hours of birth with either two or three more doses given after that.[13] This includes those with poor immune function such as from HIV/AIDS and those born premature.[13] It is also recommended that health-care workers be vaccinated.[14] In healthy people, routine immunization results in more than 95% of people being protected.[13]