Category: Biology homework help

 
Submit a 1-page paper analyzing the child intervention you have chosen: (Cognitive behavioral therapy) 
Why did you select the intervention? 
Why might it be especially helpful for use with children? 
What challenges or limitations might there be for this intervention? 
Use the Learning Resources to support your Assignment. Make sure to provide APA citations and a reference list. 
Note: As an advanced practice social worker, it is assumed that issues in the environment have been addressed. Now your interventions should be looking at theoretical modalities that are appropriate for the population.

 Respond to at least two colleagues by providing respectful feedback on their goal and measurable outcomes. Evaluate whether your colleagues have included all three properties of measurability (performance, conditions, and criteria). If they have not, suggest how they may include an additional property. 
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Briefly describe the overarching aim/goal of your proposed program.
The overarching goal related to my proposed program is to keep people in their homes and communities by exploring ways to increase direct care supports and alternatives to those face-face supports. This goal will also reduce the financial burdens to communities by housing those who are aging and disabled in the community, as alternatives to nursing home/institutions placements.
Select two outcomes from your program-level logic model and write them in a sentence format that includes performance, conditions, and criteria. 
The agency will identify how many clients qualify for medically necessary services but cannot access services due to lack of providers by 12/31/24.
The agency will interview one electronic/remote DSP provider option weekly for two months to identify three options for service delivery.
Explain how these outcomes would support the overarching aim/goal of the program.
The outcomes assess how many clients within the agency do not receive the required supports needed. This collection of data will highlight the issues with the program and justify the need to explore other alternatives. The data would also prove the direct line to correlate how many direct cares staff are needed to fit the needs of the clients. Dudley (2020) discussed that practice and program goals having the ability to have the same goal, tend to be effective when interrelated.  These outcomes aim to address the problem and structural format for how the program is delivered, making it functional and accessible. Remote services increase the healthcare workers ability to meet the needs without being physically present (Haleem et al., 2021).  
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Briefly describe the overarching aim/goal of your proposed program. 
The goal of the trauma-informed care program for at-risk youth is to improve youths emotional, behavioral, and mental well-being.  The ability to effectively regulate emotions is thus a crucial element of wellbeing and functioning, perhaps more importantly for youth given that brain structures involved in regulating behavioral expression of emotions are the last to mature (Bell & McBride, 2010).This program will provide the youth with the ability to feel safe and supportive. The aim will also be to help the youth develop and build their coping skills, while also recovering from the negative effects of trauma. In addition, this program can help families, and the community build strong connections. 
Select two outcomes from your program-level logic model and write them in a sentence format that includes performance, conditions, and criteria.  
Within 6 months of participation in the program the youth will demonstrate improved emotional regulation. 75% of participants showed increased emotional awareness and coping skills. This was assessed using pre- and post- program standardized assessments such as emotional regulation questionnaire. Within 6 months of participation 80% of participants will become more engaged in their academic schoolwork which will be measured by self-report data. The youth will improve their grade by at least one letter grade. 
Explain how these outcomes would support the overarching aim/goal of the program. 
These outcomes support the aim and goal of the program because if the youth feel safe and connected to their educational environment it can facilitate less stress, anxiety, and overall improve mental health.  The way individuals regulate their emotions has an influence on their mental wellbeing and functioning (Chang et al., 2023). Emotional regulation skills can help the youth build positive relationships and reduce behaviors.  

 Respond to two colleagues and explain how their assessments reflect the NASW Code of Ethics. Include two values and/or guiding principles to support your explanation.
Use the Learning Resources to support your posts. Make sure to provide APA citations and a reference list.
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Physical Well-Being and Health:
Currently, Magda is an 81-year-old woman who recently broke her hip and suffers from chronic pain because of this (Hung et al., 2019). She was recently diagnosed with dementia which is negatively impacting her cognitive ability. I would want to know how her mobility is, and if she is going to physical therapy to regain movement. I would also want to know her typical daily meals, and ensure she is receiving proper nutrition. 
Cognitive capacity:
Magda has recently been diagnosed with dementia which will negatively impact her decision-making abilities and memory. It raises the question whether Magda will be able to take care of herself independently. It will be important to monitor her cognitive status and as her memory declines, adjust her plan as necessary. 
Social functioning: 
Since she broke her hip, Magda has limited ability to leave the house, which has significantly decreased her social activities. Her children seem supportive of her, and her grandson did move in with her, though this caused more strain on her. I would want to ask her what activities she enjoys doing with her children and who her support person is when she is upset. I would also want to know about her church activities. 
Physical environment: 
I would want to look at the accessibility in Magda’s apartment, and if we could make modifications to help prevent falls (e.g., tripping hazards, grab bars, electric chair to get up easier). I would ask her if there were any areas in her home that make her uncomfortable or that she doesn’t feel safe in. 
Assessment of family caregivers: 
Currently, they have her grandson Alec as her caregiver. He recently has been caught stealing money and pills from Magda to help support his substance use disorder. It raises the question what level of care he was providing her, and how often Magda would go without her medications or food because she did not want to be a bother. As she also said he was never home. Helen and John initially helped Magda pay for a caregiver, but realized they could not afford to have someone come into the home more. Helen wanted to hide the missing money and pills from Magda and wanted to keep this information from her husband and the police. Her plan was to remove valuables and medications from the home. I would want to talk with Magda and explain everything that happened and file a report again Alec. I would ask John and Magda what supports they feel that they need to make this situation more manageable. 
Psychological weel-being and health:
Magda feels that she is a burden, these feelings may lead to depression or anxiety, and because of her limited capability of leaving the home, social isolation. I would want to ask her what activities she does enjoy doing, and how she feels about her current living situation. 
Ability to perform ADLs:
Magda struggles with performing daily care tasks (e.g., dressing, toileting, bathing, etc.). Magda cannot drive which limits her ability to attend appointments and social functioning’s. It will be important to ask the family what their plans to assist and monitor Magda on a daily basis would be. This maybe a good time to have a conversation surrounding assisted living or a nursing home for Magda (Hung et al., 2019). 
While conducting this assessment, to help with Magda’s self-determination, it will be important to gain informed consent (Tampi, 2020). If Magda is not capable of making these decisions for herself, we should find out if she has a medical power of attorney, if not we would want to establish someone. We also should empower Magda throughout our conversations with her, to make her feel that she is in charge of her treatment plan (e.g., what activities she enjoys, her social interactions, etc.). We will also need to ensure we are using basic social work skills to foster open communication and ensure that Magda feels heard and validated. If she is interested in having her children there, we will need to be considerate of these requests and allow it. 
Other questions I would want to ask medical professionals are: 
What strategies would you recommend helping manage her declining cognitive abilities and her ongoing chronic health?
What would your recommendations be for independent living at this point? When will we know that she is no longer capable of independent living (Tampi, 2020)?
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Magda, an 81-year-old widow of Greek origin, experiences numerous problems that can be analyzed using the biopsychosocial approach. This model has seven domains of biopsychosocial assessment that can be used to determine her current status (Christ & Diwan, n.d.).
Physical Well-Being and Health
Magda’s physical wellbeing has worsened after she suffered a fall that saw her break her hip. Later on, she complains of chronic pain which may hinder her mobility or even interrupt her day-to-day activities (Plummer et al. 2014). She is showing early signs of dementia that affects her cognitive and physical functions.
Psychological Well-Being and Health
Magda has recently suffered physical deterioration and the loss of autonomy, which might induce psychological stress. Such feelings indicate that she could be experiencing anxiety or depression, both of which are not uncommon in elderly people who experience major life transitions (Brandell, 2020). Lack of autonomy is further evidenced by her anger over not being asked where she wanted to live next.
Cognitive Capacity
Magda’s early dementia impairs her memory and ability to make sound decisions. For instance, she lost medications and was also unaware that her grandson Alec was exploiting her financially (Plummer et al., 2014). Because of the growing old, the cognition of such patients tends to deteriorate and thus they require close monitoring to determine their safety.
Ability to Perform ADLs
Magda’s ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) is limited. Her need for assistance in taking her medication, help with mobility, as well as with chores such as cleaning shows how she is much more dependent as compared to before.
Social Functioning
Formerly, Magda was socially active, went to family gatherings and church, but now she is lonely. Alec’s neglect to fulfill his promise of companionship worsens her loneliness altering her social wellbeing for the worse (Plummer et al., 2014).
Physical Environment
The once accessible environment of Magda’s apartment is unsafe due to lack of close supervision. Alec’s action contributes to environmental risk level; therefore, it is vital to consider changing her living environment for her safety.
Assessment of Family Caregivers
Helen is the daughter-in-law of Magda, and she is the primary caregiver, but she is struggling to cope up with the financial difficulties and the pressure of dealing with an alcoholic husband. Helen acted unilaterally by making decisions for Magda’s care hence worsening her autonomy (Plummer et al., 2014).
In the case of Magda, to promote her self-determination, I would have involved her more in decisions related to her living arrangements, and care. Questions such as “How do you feel about Alec moving in?” and “What activities or support would help you feel more independent?” would have given valuable information. Moreover, I would have engaged healthcare providers to ensure that her pain and dementia were well controlled and participated with them in the frequent assessment of her health status.

 What are the second and third order effects of a budget cut and provide some commentary regarding what other issues might surface and/or may need to be addressed as a result? 

Suppose  you were to implement a program for juveniles.  What would your program  address and how would you go about starting this program? Your paper  should include the following sections: 
1.An abstract summary 
2.A statement of need or importance of the program supported by literature 
3.What your objectives would be. 
4.Your plan of action including: who will be involved and who are the partners that will be associated with your plans.  
5.What are the projected or anticipated outcomes?  
This assignment should be a minimum of  eight (8) pages double spaced, in APA format, and you should cite at  least eight (8) references to support your report. 

  
Return, again, to the program that you identified last week based on the observed need.
Think about the resources that would be required to implement the program, such as time and money; program activities such training; outputs such as number of clients attending; and outcomes.
Review the example on page 116 of the course text, and see the Logic Model Table document in the Learning Resources for assistance with format. 
Submit the following:
A completed program-level logic model outline (in table format) in which you consider inputs, activities, outputs, and outcomes.
Elaborate on your program-level logic model in 1 to 2 paragraphs. Include:

The aim/goal of the program and proposed program activities
Outputs and outcomes
Reflection on how creating the logic model has helped you understand and envision the new program

Use the Learning Resources and peer-reviewed scholarly journal articles to support your logic model and reflection. Make sure to include appropriate APA citations and a reference list.

  
Review Chapter 6 in the Jansson text as needed. Focus on the 10 issues from “The Agenda Funnel” (p. 181). 
Submit a 2page paper that addresses the following: 
Briefly explain the concept of the agenda funnel. 
Why is context important when advocating for change to decision makers? 
Using the social problem you identified earlier in the course, explain how the 10 issues Jansson outlined are important when trying to activate change regarding the selected social problem. Provide 2–3 sentences for each of the 10 issues: 
Timing  
Coupling  
Framing and finding a title  
Negotiating and bargaining  
Assembling early sponsors and supporters  
Routing  
Media coverage  
Setting key endorsements  
Coalition building  
Building momentum 
Be sure to incorporate any sources you found related to your selected social problem using standard APA format.

 
Submit a 1-page paper analyzing the adult assessment tool you have chosen:
Why did you select the assessment tool?
Why might it be especially helpful for use with adults?
What challenges or limitations might there be for this assessment tool?
Use the Learning Resources to support your Assignment. Make sure to provide APA citations and a reference list.
 
American Psychiatric Association. (n.d.). Online assessment measuresLinks to an external site.. https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm/educational-resources/assessment-measures

Only a small number of human beings live like this today.
But from the time our species evolved some 200,000 years ago until the not too distant past, all of us lived as hunter gatherers.
Then, around 10,000 years ago, people started domesticating animals for food, living in settlements and cultivating crops. These cultural changes have profound biological impacts on our species. And you’re about to encounter one surprising example. It has to do with the familiar food.
I’m talking about milk, the main ingredients, some of our favorite things. Almost all of us can digest it as babies. But the story of how many adults can use it as a food is a fascinating case study. A study of the coevolution of human culture and biology.
All infant mammals can digest milk. In fact, producing milk for babies is a key trait that distinguishes mammals from all other types of animals.
The main sugar in milk, lactose can’t easily pass through the intestinal wall, so cells here make an enzyme called lactase, which breaks lactose into glucose and galactose.
These two simpler sugars can then enter the bloodstream where they can be used for energy.
Around the time young mammals stop drinking milk. Almost all of them stop making lactase so they lose their ability to digest milk. They become lactose intolerant. What typically happens when an adult mammal drinks milk? It’s not pretty. The lactose goes undigested straight through the small intestine to the large intestine. Here, bacteria eat the sugar and can cause cramps, gas, and diarrhea.
It’s a bad idea to offer a bowl of milk to an adult cat.
We only know of one mammal species in which some adults can drink milk without getting sick. Yes, it’s us. Not all of us, but worldwide, about a third of adults can digest lactose. This minority is called lactase persistent because their ability to produce the enzyme that breaks down lactose persists beyond childhood and in fact, throughout their lives. How did lactase persistence come about? Why does it occur only in some people?
I’ve come to University College London to start my quest to find out.
Geneticist Dallas Swallow will show me how to figure out whether someone can digest the sugar in milk. You’re going to do a, uh, lactose tolerance test. I am. The idea is to look to see what the level of glucose is in the blood of the volunteer before the lactose load has been taken of the blood of. After measuring my baseline glucose level. Okay. I now have to chug a liter of milk. You’re allowed to breathe in between. It’s all right. If my body is still making lactase, my blood glucose will shoot up. After I drank the milk. Here’s what happened.
No doubt about it. My lactase enzyme is still working. Where do your family come from? Britain. On my father’s side. Um, Denmark. Holland on my mother’s side, but kind of. Northern Europe. Northern Europe. Okay. You can see, first of all, that most people in Europe are lactase persistent. My family background makes sense.
In only a few regions is a large majority of people lactase persistent?
In other parts of the world, few adults easily digest lactose.
What exactly is different about people who are lactase persistent?
To get a clue. Researchers looked at DNA. They first compared the part of the lactase gene that encodes the enzyme across persistent and non persistent people. They didn’t find a change in the DNA to distinguish the two traits. So what could explain the difference? We know that genes, including lactase, are regulated, turned on or off, dialled up or down by other pieces of DNA that act like switches. In search of a possible mutation in a lactase switch. A research team identified Finnish families that had members who were lactase persistent, as well as those who weren’t.
Statistical geneticist Joe Terwilliger was part of the team. We then looked to see if they shared DNA around the region where the gene was that we knew was affecting the metabolism of lactose. On chromosome two. In and around the lactase gene. A number of shared markers in the DNA allowed Terwilliger and his colleagues to hone in on a segment of DNA likely to contain the lactase persistence mutation.
By comparing this segment based by base across lactase persistent and non persistent individuals, they discovered the critical one base difference a T instead of a C at one non-coding position. The researchers had made an important discovery. They found a mutation that causes lactase persistence in Finns and other Europeans. Do all lactase persistent people carry this mutation? I thought that would be one mutation and that would be it. So we went off, uh, to study, uh, samples from Africa. And to our surprise, we found that the mutation barely existed. Was a different mutation at work on this continent. Then a young professor, geneticist Sarah Skov, traveled to a number of African countries to find out. We’ve now looked at Tanzania, Kenya and Sudan and Ethiopia. And so we’ve really looked at a broad range of 

 
Respond to at least two colleagues by: APA CITATION
Offering respectful feedback on their logic model as if you were a member of their work group.

Identify strengths and potential weaknesses in the assumptions or areas that may require additional information or clarification.

Providing substantial information to assist your colleagues’ efforts such as:

Information to support their understanding of the problems and needs in this population
Suggestions related to intervention activities and potential outcomes 

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Logic Model for Integrated Mental Health Services within Housing Programs for Homeless Veterans
Problems
Client Needs
Underlying Causes
Interventions
Short-Term Outcomes
Long-Term Outcomes
Lack of mental health support
Access to comprehensive mental health care
Stigma around seeking help
On-site mental health services in housing facilities
Increased engagement with mental health services
Improved mental health stability
Difficulty maintaining stable housing
Ongoing case management
Insufficient integration of services
Case management to support housing stability
Increased housing retention rates
Permanent housing solutions
High rates of PTSD, depression, and substance abuse
Supportive community and resources
Trauma exposure during service
Peer support groups and therapeutic activities
Reduced substance use and improved coping skills
Decreased rates of PTSD and depression
Fragmented service delivery
Holistic approach to care
Lack of collaboration among providers
Cross-training for providers on integrated service models
Improved provider coordination
Comprehensive care model for veterans
Elaborate on your practice-level model
     The logic model above outlines an integrated approach to addressing the mental health needs of homeless veterans within housing programs. The primary problems identified include inadequate mental health support, difficulty in maintaining stable housing, and high rates of PTSD, depression, and substance abuse. Veterans need access to mental health care, ongoing case management, and a supportive community to address these issues.
     To tackle these problems, the proposed interventions focus on providing on-site mental health services, case management, and peer support groups. These strategies aim to create a supportive environment where veterans can access necessary resources without stigma. Short-term outcomes include increased engagement with mental health services and improved housing retention rates, while long-term outcomes aim for sustained mental health stability and comprehensive care models.
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Practice-Level Logic Model: NICU Intervention
Practice-Level Logic Model: NICU InterventionProblemClient NeedsUnderlying CausesIntervention ActivitiesShort-Term OutcomesLong-Term OutcomesSubstance exposure in infantsStabilization and developmentally appropriate careMaternal substance use during pregnancySpecialized medical care, therapeutic interventions, and developmental monitoringImproved neonatal health and stabilizationReduced developmental delays, enhanced quality of lifeParental stress and anxietyEmotional support and education on infant careLack of support and information, fear of infant’s health outcomesCounseling, support groups, and parent education programsIncreased parental confidence and engagementImproved parent-infant bonding, decreased parental stressRisk of developmental delaysEarly intervention and monitoringIn-utero drug exposure, prematurityRegular developmental assessments, early intervention programsEarly identification of developmental issuesEnhanced developmental outcomes, readiness for home careDifficulty navigating care systemsCoordination and access to resourcesComplex healthcare needs, lack of system navigation knowledgeCase management, care coordination, resource linkageImproved access to healthcare and social servicesBetter health outcomes, continued support post-discharge
Elaboration of Practice-Level Model:
This logic model focuses on addressing the complex needs of drug-exposed infants and their families in the NICU setting. Interventions such as specialized medical care, therapeutic support, and developmental assessments aim to stabilize the infant’s health and mitigate the impact of substance exposure. Providing emotional support and education to parents helps reduce stress and foster positive parent-infant interactions (Behnke, M., & Smith, V. C., 2013). Case management and care coordination are crucial for navigating healthcare systems, enhancing access to necessary resources, and improving long-term health outcomes.
Research highlights the importance of early intervention in mitigating developmental delays and improving long-term outcomes for infants exposed to substances (Behnke & Smith, 2013). Supportive parent education and engagement are also key to promoting infant health and parent-infant bonding (Lester & Tronick, 2004).
References
Behnke, M., & Smith, V. C. (2013). Prenatal substance abuse: Short- and long-term effects on the exposed fetus. Pediatrics, 131(3), e1009-e1024.
Lester, B. M., & Tronick, E. (2004). History and description of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale. Pediatrics, 113(Supplement 2), 634-640.
University of Kansas Center for Community Health and Development. (n.d.). Developing a logic model or theory of change Linksto an external site. In Community toolbox. https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/overview/models-for-community-health-and-development/logic-model-development/main