!.Distinguish between experimental and observational studies. 2. Describe the ke

!.Distinguish between experimental and observational studies.
2. Describe the key characteristics (subject selection, data collection, and analysis) of experimental, cohort, case-control, cross sectional, and ecologic studies.
3. Read the abstract of the article at the following link:
https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/ajp.153.10.1340 Links to an external site.
based on the abstract, what type of epidemiological study was conducted? Explain.
4. Read the abstract of the article at the following link:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2204041/ Links to an external site.
based on the abstract, what type of epidemiological study was conducted? Explain.
5. Discuss the factors that determine when a particular design is indicated.
6. Suppose a research group is interested in examining the effects of High-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cholesterol levels. The hypothesis is that HIIT training will reduce total plasma cholesterol. Design the following studies to test this hypothesis:
Experimental
Prospective Cohort
Case-Control
7. REVIEW of 2 x 2 tables (Chapter 3):
You are a public health researcher investigating the relationship between High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and HDL-cholesterol (good cholesterol) levels. You collect data from 700 individuals aged 40 to 70 who attend Planet Fitness gyms across the NE Mississippi. You want to determine if there is an association between HIIT training and improvements in HDL cholesterol in this group.
After reading through the data collected, you determine that 150 clients in the sample routinely engage in HIIT training. The remaining participants do not. Of those who participated in HIIT training, 70 individuals showed improved HDL levels from baseline after one year. Of those who did not engage in HIIT training, 100 had improvements in HDL levels in the same time frame.
Place the data in a 2×2 table. Include the totals.
Calculate and interpret the Risk Ratio.
Calculate and interpret the Risk Difference.