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78.in acute asthma exacerbation all the following could be used except: A- low dose inhaled corticosteroid B- inhaled beta agonist (albuterol) C- intravenouse steroid D- supplemental oxygen 79 . year old male presented with history of vomiting and diarhea with 10% E- close monitoring present dehydration what is best intial type of fluid: a-dextrose water 10% b- dextrose water 5% with 0.45% saline c-ringer lactate d- hartman solution e- normal saline 80.A 20- monthe old child develops hemolytic anemia, anuria, azotemia, and thrombocytopenia after a bout of febrile bloody diarrhea. The most likely etiologic agent of this illness is: a) Campylobacter jejuni b) Salmonella typhi c) Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli d) rota virus e) Non typhi Salmonella

 

SOLUTION

 

79. A patient presents with vomiting, diarrhea, and 10% dehydration. What is the best initial type of fluid?

Correct answer: E – Normal saline

Explanation:
In moderate to severe dehydration, the priority is rapid intravascular volume expansion using an isotonic crystalloid.
Normal saline (0.9% NaCl) is the preferred initial resuscitation fluid.
Dextrose-containing or hypotonic fluids are not appropriate initially.

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80. A 20-month-old child develops hemolytic anemia, anuria, azotemia, and thrombocytopenia after febrile bloody diarrhea. Most likely etiologic agent?

Correct answer: C – Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

Explanation:
This presentation is classic for Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS), which most commonly follows infection with EHEC (especially O157:H7) producing Shiga toxin.
It causes:

• Hemolytic anemia

• Acute kidney injury

• Thrombocytopenia

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Final Answers Summary

• 78: A – Low-dose inhaled corticosteroid

• 79: E – Normal saline

• 80: C – Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia co

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