1.1discuss on the advantages and disadvantages of object oriented programming. w

1.1discuss on the advantages and disadvantages of object oriented programming. what are the drawbacks of procedural languages? explain the need of object oriented programming with suitable program. what are the shortcomings of procedural programming? how does object oriented programming overcome those shortcomings? write the problems associated with procedure languages. elaborate how object oriented languages overcomes the problems of procedural languages. M ADVANTAGES OF OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRA Re-usability: “Write once and use it multiple times” you can achieve this by using class. Redundancy: Inheritance is the good feature for data redundancy. If you need a same functionality in multiple class you can write a common class for the same functionality and inherit that class to sub class. Easy Maintenance:It is easy to maintain and modify existing code as new objects can be created with small differences to existing ones. Security: Using data hiding and abstraction only necessary data will be provided thus maintains the security of data. • We can build the programs from standard working modules that communicate with one another, rather than having to start writing the code from scratch which leads to saving of development time and higher productivity, • OOP language allows to break the program into the bit-sized problems that can be solved easily (one object at a time). • The new technology promises greater programmer productivity, better quality of software and lesser maintenance cost. • OOP systems can be easily upgraded from small to large systems. • It is possible that multiple instances of objects co-exist without any interference, • It is very easy to partition the work in a project based on objects. • It is possible to map the objects in problem domain to those in the program. • The principle of data hiding helps the programmer to build secure programs which cannot be invaded by the code in other parts of the program. • By using inheritance, we can eliminate redundant code and extend the use of existing classes. • Message passing techniques is used for communication between objects which makes the interface descriptions with external systems much simpler. • The data-centered design approach enables us to capture more details of model in an implementable form. Disadvantages of OOP Size:Object Oriented Programs are much larger than other programs. Effort:Object Oriented Programs require a lot of work to create. Speed:Object Oriented Programs are slower than other programs, because of their size. • Object Oriented Programs are slower than other programs, because of The length of the programmes developed using OOP language is much larger than the procedural approach. • Since the programme becomes larger in size, it requires more time to be executed that leads to slower execution of the programme. • We can not apply OOP everywhere as it is not a universal language. • It is applied only when it is required. It is not suitable for all types of problems. • Programmers need to have brilliant designing skill and programming skill along with proper planning because using OOP is little bit tricky. • OOPs take time to get used to it. • The thought process involved in object-oriented programming may not be natural for some people. • Everything is treated as object in OOP so before applying it we need to have excellent thinking in terms of objects.