NAME: DATE: Complete the following questions and submit this file for review. Al

NAME:
DATE:
Complete the following questions and submit this file for review. Always answer all questions in your own words and do *not paste in any direct quotes. No credit will be given for pasting in direct quote. When used, sources must be cited in APA style, including both parenthetical citations and a complete reference list. You are expected to use at least three scholarly sources in developing this assignment with both in-text citation and inclusion in the reference list.
For this assignment, we will be using the Water Testing and Awareness Project (WaterTAP) dataset, which has been built through voluntary AMU/APU student participation in testing drinking water. The link for the database is included in the attachments with the assignment description. Be sure to open the data to explore the findings, as you will use this dataset to address the following questions. Parameters may include total hardness (ppm), total chlorine (ppm), alkalinity (ppm), pH, nitrite (ppm), nitrate (ppm), copper (ppm), iron (ppm), bacteria, pesticide, and lead. Additional information per sample includes test date, zip code of water sample, and water source.
1. From the WaterTAP dataset, identify the date the spreadsheet was last updated.
2. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) can be reviewed on the web here: https://www.epa.gov/ground-water-and-drinking-water/national-primary-drinking-water-regulations. National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations (NSDWR) can be reviewed on the web here: https://www.epa.gov/sdwa/secondary-drinking-water-standards-guidance-nuisance-chemicals#table-of-secondary. Use these resources to complete the blank cells in Table 1. Note that some cells will not have information, so place an N/A (not applicable) in those cells.
Table 1
National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) and National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations (NSDWR) for select drinking water parameters
National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations (NSDWR)
Contaminant Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) MCL or Treatment Technique (TT) (mg/L) Sources of Contaminants in Drinking Water Secondary MCL Noticeable Effects above the Secondary MCL
Chlorine
Copper
Iron
Lead
Nitrate (as Nitrogen)
Nitrite (as Nitrogen)
pH
NOTE: xxx
3. Use the WaterTAP dataset and complete the blank cells in Table 2 and edit the caption. The count is the total number of samples for the parameter (this includes zero values but not ‘no results’ data). Mean, standard deviation, median, mode, minimum, and maximum are standard calculations used to evaluate a dataset. To calculate the range, subtract the minimum value from the maximum value. Use two significant figures (the hundredths place) for all values.
Table 2
Edit this caption
Contaminant Count Mean Standard Deviation Median Mode Minimum Maximum Range
Chlorine
Copper
Iron
Lead
Nitrate (as Nitrogen)
Nitrite (as Nitrogen)
pH
4. Comparing the information in Tables 1 and 2, which of the parameters reviewed from the WaterTAP dataset are within primary and secondary standards? Be sure you justify your response. For example, are there means, maximums, or other values that do or do not fall within the regulatory limits?
5. Using the course text, identify which water quality parameters are used for assessing corrosion control. Be sure you cite all sources used in APA style in developing this response both in the text and in the reference list at the end of the document.
6. Review the WaterTAP dataset and identify at least three parameters in your response to question 5 that are also reported in the WaterTAP data set. [If you did not identify at least three overlapping parameters, head back to the text to research this further and modify your response to question five so that you get the correct answer.] Identify the minimum and maximum values in the WaterTAP dataset for each of these parameters. Do not forget to include data units.
7. Using what you know about corrosion control and your response from question 6, explain if there are any concerns for water quality specifically as it relates to corrosion control in the WaterTAP dataset. Justify your response. Cite all outside sources consulted both in the text and in the reference list at the end of the document.
8. Explain why pH is a consideration in drinking water quality. Include both biological and chemical considerations. For example, see Chapter 4 in Spellman, The Science of Water: Concepts and Applications. Cite all outside sources consulted both in the text and in the reference list at the end of the document.
9. Create a column chart for the WaterTAP pH data. Paste in the chart below, formatted in APA with a label and a caption. On the chart, create bars that represent whole numbers (e.g., 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 – depending on the range of the dataset). You must count how many samples have each pH value for this chart. The x-axis should be the pH value, and the y-axis should be the count of samples. Be sure you label both axes. Since you are including a single series, do not include a legend.
10. Describe the normality of the WaterTAP pH data. Are the pH data skewed, and if so, in which direction? Use the terms normality and skew in your response. [You may watch this helpful video on data distributions from the APUS library here: https://edgecast.apus.edu/00242F/academics/mathwv_videos/APU/statistics/stats_data_distribution_definition.mp4.] [Pay special attention to the explanations of the shape of the data distribution. Review this video as a refresher on the Central Limit Theorem: https://edgecast.apus.edu/00242F/academics/mathwv_videos/APU/statistics/stats_central_linit_theorem.mp4.]
11. What are the major sources of lead in drinking water, and what causes those sources of lead to contaminate the water being distributed to homes, businesses, and other end users? Cite all outside sources consulted both in the text and in the reference list at the end of the document.
12. In reviewing the WaterTAP dataset, what were the results specific to lead?
13. Using the WaterTAP dataset, construct a pie chart for the findings on bacteria. Paste in the pie chart here. Make sure you have either labeled the pie slices on the display or you have included a legend. Display the percent for each pie slice on the chart.
14. In reviewing the WaterTAP dataset, what were the results specific to pesticides? Identify if there are any correlations in the location of the samples based on zip code or water source.
15. After completing this exercise, in at least one full page, reflect on the drinking water quality for the APUS community as demonstrated by the WaterTAP dataset. For example, does the drinking water supply meet regulatory guidelines? What stood out to you most as you completed this exercise? Cite all outside sources consulted both in the text and in the reference list at the end of the document.
References
See the Trefry Library for help formatting sources in APA Style (apus.edu). We are using the 7th edition of APA. At a minimum, you should be listing the course text by Spellman, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) websites used in Table 1, and at least three scholarly sources that you cited in the text of responses within this assignment. You do not need to cite the WaterTAP dataset, since we are using that as our class data. Be sure any source listed here in the reference list also has an in-text citation. If a source does not, delete it from the reference list.