Learning Goal: I’m working on a philosophy test / quiz prep and need an explanat

Learning Goal: I’m working on a philosophy test / quiz prep and need an explanation and answer to help me learn.1. An argument is valid if and only if:a. It is impossible for the premises to be false and the conclusion falseb. There is no possible counterexamplesc. Neither a nor bd. Both a and b2. An argument is sound if and only if:a. The argument is valid and the premises are all trueb. The argument is valid and the conclusion is falsec. Neither a nor bd. Both a and b3. Modus tollens is:
Combining a conditional statement with its antecedent to derive the consequent
Combining a conditional statement with its negated consequent to derive the negated
antecedent
Assuming both components of a disjunction to derive a common statement
Assuming the negation of a statement to derive a contradiction in order to prove the
statement
4. Argument by absurdity is:
Combining a conditional statement with its antecedent to derive the consequent
Combining a conditional statement with its negated consequent to derive the negated
antecedent
Assuming both components of a disjunction to derive a common statement
Assuming the negation of a statement to derive a contradiction in order to prove the
statement
5. Argument by cases is:
Combining a conditional statement with its antecedent to derive the consequent
Combining a conditional statement with its negated consequent to derive the negated
antecedent
Assuming both components of a disjunction to derive a common statement
Assuming the negation of a statement to derive a contradiction in order to prove the
statement
6. Existential elimination involves:
Making an assumption
Using a new specific name
Neither a nor b
Both a and b
7. Universal introduction involves:
Using a new specific name
Using an arbitrary name
Neither a nor b
Both a and b
8. ‘Everyone is pretty and ‘No one is pretty’ are:
Contradictory statements
Contrary statements
Neither a nor b
Both a and b
9. Which of the following is not a sentence in propositional logic:
P⊃Q∧R
~~P ∨ (R ≡ Q)
~(P⊃(~Q∧R))
~~P∧~Q
10. Which of the following is not a sentence in predicate logic:
∀x∃yLxy ⊃ ∀xLxx
∃xPx ⊃ ∀yLxy
∀x(Px⊃Qx)∨Ra
~∀x~Lax
Requirements: 1 page   |   .doc file