i‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍ need a response to this disscusion: Clinical decision-maki

i‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍ need a response to this disscusion: Clinical decision-making in nursing practice integrates the evaluation/review of other components/factors. The utilization of clinical decision-making skills is predominant amongst nurses and healthcare practitioners, however, there is still a risk for errors that could impact patient outcomes, hence the pertinence of enhanced skills in decision-making to mitigate the preventable errors that can impact patient outcomes (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2014). In ancient times, nurses depended on research utilization (RU) which assisted them with the knowledge needed to perform their practice, while in evidence-based practice, various dimensions such as the integration of best research evidence, patient’s health status/diagnosis./circumstances, internally generated evidence, patient preferences and actions, healthcare resources, and clinical expertise are all considered when making clinical decisions (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2014). Influence of Clinical Expertise on Clinical Based Decision-Making Model Clinical expertise can be defined as the amalgamation of theoretical and practical knowledge and is distinguished by the intuitive capability to make a clinical judgment efficiently while getting a hold of the entire situation (McHugh & Lake, 2010). The comprehension of clinical expertise and its applicability in the nursing practice is vital to the quality of patient care. Clinical expertise influences healthcare professionals’ clinical judgment and the quality of care provided. To further comprehend the decision-making model, it is reflected on the following components: patient preferences, actions, clinical state, setting, and circumstances; availability of healthcare resources, high-quality research evidence, and clinical expertise. Patient preferences play a pivotal role in care treatments where patients can make an informed decision about their care having heard and understood the risks and benefits of a specific treatment. In addition to their preferences, healthcare providers consider the patient’s actions, clinical state, setting, and circumstances which are integrated into evidence-based decisions (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2014). It is‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍ not often the best evidence that is utilized due to possible factors such as cost. A substitute that can deliver similar results is factored in to ensure cost-effectiveness. This is another component of the decision-making model. Another significant component is the high-quality research which lies the sole responsibility of a clinician to identify the current, high-quality research evidence that can inform the clinical decisions. Overall, clinical decision-making is influenced by clinical expertise. These skills have developed over time from the various encounters with patients and their interactions to certain interventions. Clinical expertise serves as the tool that provides for the integration of clinical decision-making model components and informs a decision (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2014). Clinical Expertise Informs Evidence-Based Practice Clinical expertise is one of the vital components of evidence-based practice, however, a controversial concept in evidence-based practice. Clinical expertise works simultaneously with the concept of evidence-based practice. For example, clinical expertise informs the decision to utilize a different approach of intervention when there is no scientific knowledge supporting an identified knowledge even if there are resources and skills available for implementation. A healthcare center identifies the intervention of self-harm program to address the issue of suicide in the community, however, following research, there is no scientific evidence recommending such program as effective. The clinician informs the decision not to proceed with such intervention but rather offers and evaluate a healthy community approach which entails consistent programs/teachings on self-esteem, coping mechanism, and building positive relationships (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2014). References McHugh, M. D., & Lake, E. T. (2010, August). Understanding clinical expertise: Nurse education, experience, and the hospital context. PMC 33(4), 276-287. Melnyk, B., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2014, August 20). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare. A guide to best practice (3rd Ed.). Wolters Kluwer ‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍Health.