?‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍ Abstract – An abstract is a 150- to 250-word paragraph tha

?‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍ Abstract – An abstract is a 150- to 250-word paragraph that provides readers with a quick overview of your essay or report and its organization. It should express your thesis (or central idea) and your key points; it should also suggest any implications or applications of the research you discuss in the paper. ? Introduction – This is an explanation about why the topic is worthy of study and an opportunity to include some background information / statistics etc. before you begin your project. ? Main part – These are the headings you are going to use in your project e.g. arguments for or against a particular issue. You may also want to include case studies in this section. ? Conclusion – What have you found out as a result of completing your project? This is an opportunity for you to include your opinion regarding the question. ? Evaluation of sources – This is referring to the kind of sources you used for your research and how useful they were. You should try to evaluate the sources here by writing about the strengths and weaknesses of some of the most important sources. Remember to use the CRAAP test. ? Footnotes: You are expected to make appropriate use of footnotes in your dissertation. As you read, you will notice that many of the books you consult contain numbered footnotes that ‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍ appear either at the bottom of the page, at the end of the chapter or at the end of the book. Occasionally, these footnotes will contain additional information or comments that add to the main text. Mostly, though, they will refer to another source of evidence (primary or secondary) that has been consulted. You should always provide footnotes for the following: • Direct quotations • Specific facts/figures that are central to your argument • Analysis that is based on someone else’s argument Footnotes should be set out in the following way: 1. First reference – Surname and first name or initials of author; Title of book, article, or academic journal; Place and date of publication; Page number(s), . p or pp, where the reference is to several consecutive pages of a book. 2. Consecutive references – Ibid., and the page number (ibid. is short for Latin ibidem, meaning ‘the same source’). 3. Non-consecutive references to the same book and author – surname, op. cit., and the page number (op. cit. is short for Latin opere citato, meaning ‘in the work cited, or previously quoted’). ? Bibliography – This is a list of the sources you have used. Divide them into books; journals and magazines; websites; documentaries etc. Each time, set them out in alphabetical order by surname: ‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍? Please include at least 5 Figures